APHON EXAM REVIEW 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
COMPLETE GUIDE
◉ sanctuary chemotherapy
Answer: chemo that is given in an area where malignant cells may be
located but are not readily accessible by systemic chemo; can be
administered directly into the CNS
◉ palliative chemotherapy
Answer: chemo that is used in end of life care when the goal is not to
cure, but rather to concurrently prolong life and reduce pain and
suffering
◉ metronomic chemotherapy
Answer: when a chemotherapy agent is given at low doses with no
breaks
◉ combination chemotherapy
Answer: the use of two or more drugs given simultaneously or in
sequence to overcome drug resistance and achieve the best
therapeutic response within a range of toxicity that can be tolerated
by the patient
, ◉ asparaginases
Answer: major side effects: systemic allergic / anaphylaxis /
hypersensitivity reaction; hyperglycemia; pancreatitis;
coagulopathies
◉ bleomycin
Answer: major side effects: pulmonary fibrosis
instruct patients to never scuba dive and avoid use of 100% oxygen
for life
◉ busulfan
Answer: major side effects: mucositis, stomatitis,
hyperpigmentation, seizures, and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
(SOS); hepatotoxicity
◉ carboplatin
Answer: major side effects: hypersensitivity, ototoxicity, electrolyte
abnormalities, nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic
◉ carmustine (BCNU)
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
COMPLETE GUIDE
◉ sanctuary chemotherapy
Answer: chemo that is given in an area where malignant cells may be
located but are not readily accessible by systemic chemo; can be
administered directly into the CNS
◉ palliative chemotherapy
Answer: chemo that is used in end of life care when the goal is not to
cure, but rather to concurrently prolong life and reduce pain and
suffering
◉ metronomic chemotherapy
Answer: when a chemotherapy agent is given at low doses with no
breaks
◉ combination chemotherapy
Answer: the use of two or more drugs given simultaneously or in
sequence to overcome drug resistance and achieve the best
therapeutic response within a range of toxicity that can be tolerated
by the patient
, ◉ asparaginases
Answer: major side effects: systemic allergic / anaphylaxis /
hypersensitivity reaction; hyperglycemia; pancreatitis;
coagulopathies
◉ bleomycin
Answer: major side effects: pulmonary fibrosis
instruct patients to never scuba dive and avoid use of 100% oxygen
for life
◉ busulfan
Answer: major side effects: mucositis, stomatitis,
hyperpigmentation, seizures, and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
(SOS); hepatotoxicity
◉ carboplatin
Answer: major side effects: hypersensitivity, ototoxicity, electrolyte
abnormalities, nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic
◉ carmustine (BCNU)
