UCONN NUTRITION 1165 EXAM #1 STUDY GUIDE | FUNDAMENTALS OF NUTRITION PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | COMPLETE REVIEW
What is a nutrient? - ANS ✔✔chemical substances In foods that provide energy and structure
and help regulate bodily processes
What is an essential nutrient? - ANS ✔✔Nutrients that must be provided in a diet because they
cant be made by the body
Is alcohol a nutrient? - ANS ✔✔Alcohol is not a nutrient
What is a dietary pattern? - ANS ✔✔The quantities, proportions, variety or combination of
different foods, drinks, and nutrients in diets, and the frequency with which they are habitually
consumed
Which important dietary components do Americans eat too little of? - ANS ✔✔Too little whole
grains, fruits, vegetables, seafood, dairy
Too much Calories, sodium, and fat
Why and how has the American diet changed over the last 30-40 years? - ANS ✔✔More fast
food, faster way of life
Which nutritional-related diseases are of concern in the U.S.? - ANS ✔✔Overnutrition, heart
disease
How does grain enrichment differ from fortification? - ANS ✔✔Enrichment- Nutrients added to
a product because it was lost during food processing
, Fortification- Foods that have nutrients added to them (Either added because the govt.
mandates it, or food producer wants to increase marketability)
Where are phytochemicals and zoochemicals found in our diet? - ANS ✔✔Phytochemicals -
Plant chemicals
Zoochemical's - Animal foods (omega-3)
Define the 6 classes of nutrients. Which are considered macronutrients? Micronutrients?
Energy-
yielding nutrients? - ANS ✔✔• Macronutrients (needed in large amounts for the body) -
Protein*, Carbohydrates*, Lipids*, Water (*= energy-yielding)
• Micronutrients (needed in smaller amounts for the body) - Vitamins, Minerals
What is the major difference between a macronutrient and a micronutrient? - ANS ✔✔Macro -
Needed in large amounts for the body
Micro - needed in smaller amounts for the body
How many kcal/gram do protein, fat, carbohydrate, and alcohol each provide? - ANS ✔✔Carbs
provide 4 Kcal/gram, protein provides 4 Kcal/gram, fat provides 9 Kcal/gram, alcohol provided
What is the most abundant type of fat in our food and in the body? - ANS ✔✔"triglyceride" is
the type of fat that is most abundant in food
Why is fat an ideal storage form of energy in the body? - ANS ✔✔Triglycerides have single
bonds that connect glycerol molecules. When these are cleaved, a lot of energy is released
Do all lipids provide us with energy? - ANS ✔✔Yes
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | COMPLETE REVIEW
What is a nutrient? - ANS ✔✔chemical substances In foods that provide energy and structure
and help regulate bodily processes
What is an essential nutrient? - ANS ✔✔Nutrients that must be provided in a diet because they
cant be made by the body
Is alcohol a nutrient? - ANS ✔✔Alcohol is not a nutrient
What is a dietary pattern? - ANS ✔✔The quantities, proportions, variety or combination of
different foods, drinks, and nutrients in diets, and the frequency with which they are habitually
consumed
Which important dietary components do Americans eat too little of? - ANS ✔✔Too little whole
grains, fruits, vegetables, seafood, dairy
Too much Calories, sodium, and fat
Why and how has the American diet changed over the last 30-40 years? - ANS ✔✔More fast
food, faster way of life
Which nutritional-related diseases are of concern in the U.S.? - ANS ✔✔Overnutrition, heart
disease
How does grain enrichment differ from fortification? - ANS ✔✔Enrichment- Nutrients added to
a product because it was lost during food processing
, Fortification- Foods that have nutrients added to them (Either added because the govt.
mandates it, or food producer wants to increase marketability)
Where are phytochemicals and zoochemicals found in our diet? - ANS ✔✔Phytochemicals -
Plant chemicals
Zoochemical's - Animal foods (omega-3)
Define the 6 classes of nutrients. Which are considered macronutrients? Micronutrients?
Energy-
yielding nutrients? - ANS ✔✔• Macronutrients (needed in large amounts for the body) -
Protein*, Carbohydrates*, Lipids*, Water (*= energy-yielding)
• Micronutrients (needed in smaller amounts for the body) - Vitamins, Minerals
What is the major difference between a macronutrient and a micronutrient? - ANS ✔✔Macro -
Needed in large amounts for the body
Micro - needed in smaller amounts for the body
How many kcal/gram do protein, fat, carbohydrate, and alcohol each provide? - ANS ✔✔Carbs
provide 4 Kcal/gram, protein provides 4 Kcal/gram, fat provides 9 Kcal/gram, alcohol provided
What is the most abundant type of fat in our food and in the body? - ANS ✔✔"triglyceride" is
the type of fat that is most abundant in food
Why is fat an ideal storage form of energy in the body? - ANS ✔✔Triglycerides have single
bonds that connect glycerol molecules. When these are cleaved, a lot of energy is released
Do all lipids provide us with energy? - ANS ✔✔Yes
