NR 505 Advanced Research
Methods: Exam 3 Test Bank |
2025 Edition | Questions,
Answers and Detailed
Rationales
**1. Which of the following best describes a systematic review?**
A) A summary of all published and unpublished studies on a specific topic using a replicable
methodology
,B) A qualitative approach to collecting data from participants through interviews
C) A study that measures outcomes before and after an intervention in the same group
D) A randomized controlled trial comparing two treatment groups
**Answer: A**
**Rationale:** A systematic review systematically collects, appraises, and synthesizes all empirical
evidence meeting pre-specified criteria to answer a specific research question. It uses a transparent,
reproducible methodology. Options B, C, and D describe other research designs .
---
**2. Meta-analysis is best described as:**
A) The statistical technique to combine results from multiple studies to produce a pooled estimate of
effect
B) A narrative summary of qualitative research findings
C) A form of experimental research design
D) A case-control study of multiple patient records
**Answer: A**
**Rationale:** Meta-analysis uses statistical methods to quantitatively synthesize results across studies,
increasing power and precision in estimating treatment effects .
---
, **3. Which level of evidence is considered the highest quality for making clinical decisions?**
A) Expert opinion
B) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
C) Case-control studies
D) Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
**Answer: D**
**Rationale:** Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs provide the highest level of evidence
because they summarize results across multiple high-quality studies, increasing reliability and validity .
---
## SECTION 2: RESEARCH ETHICS & HUMAN SUBJECTS PROTECTION
**4. What is the primary ethical principle that requires voluntary participation and informed consent in
research?**
A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Autonomy
D) Non-maleficence
**Answer: C**
Methods: Exam 3 Test Bank |
2025 Edition | Questions,
Answers and Detailed
Rationales
**1. Which of the following best describes a systematic review?**
A) A summary of all published and unpublished studies on a specific topic using a replicable
methodology
,B) A qualitative approach to collecting data from participants through interviews
C) A study that measures outcomes before and after an intervention in the same group
D) A randomized controlled trial comparing two treatment groups
**Answer: A**
**Rationale:** A systematic review systematically collects, appraises, and synthesizes all empirical
evidence meeting pre-specified criteria to answer a specific research question. It uses a transparent,
reproducible methodology. Options B, C, and D describe other research designs .
---
**2. Meta-analysis is best described as:**
A) The statistical technique to combine results from multiple studies to produce a pooled estimate of
effect
B) A narrative summary of qualitative research findings
C) A form of experimental research design
D) A case-control study of multiple patient records
**Answer: A**
**Rationale:** Meta-analysis uses statistical methods to quantitatively synthesize results across studies,
increasing power and precision in estimating treatment effects .
---
, **3. Which level of evidence is considered the highest quality for making clinical decisions?**
A) Expert opinion
B) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
C) Case-control studies
D) Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
**Answer: D**
**Rationale:** Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs provide the highest level of evidence
because they summarize results across multiple high-quality studies, increasing reliability and validity .
---
## SECTION 2: RESEARCH ETHICS & HUMAN SUBJECTS PROTECTION
**4. What is the primary ethical principle that requires voluntary participation and informed consent in
research?**
A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Autonomy
D) Non-maleficence
**Answer: C**
