HEALTHCARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT
(HCQM) Practice Questions and Answers
2026 | Updated Revision Pack | Grade
A+
• Basic common threads of Quality Management. -✓✓Examine the
processes leading to the delivery of care, the outcomes expected from
the care, and the degree to which the expected outcomes are reached.
• Abraham Flexner -✓✓Quality should be measured.
• E.A. Codman, MD -✓✓Boston surgeon from the early 1900's was a
public health pioneer studying hospital outcomes to determine how
they could be improved.
• Founded by E.A. Codman -✓✓American College of Surgeons and its
Hospital Standardization Program
• The American College of Surgeons eventually became this
organization -✓✓The Joint Commission
• E.A. Codman Award -✓✓Given out by the Joint Commission for the
use of outcomes measures to advance the quality and safety of patient
care.
,• In 1918 the American College of Surgeons began to address the fact
that patients did not feel comfortable with this concept. -✓✓The
operation was a success but the patient died.
• John Williamson, MD -✓✓Recipient of the EA Codman Award in 2000
and is a leader in the field of health care outcomes research and its
implementation.
• Outcomes Measures -✓✓Help identify (prioritize) areas for which
measuring and analyzing the process are likely to lead to improved
outcomes.
• When outcomes do not meet expectations it is appropriate to do this.
-✓✓Measure the process producing the outcomes to improve possibly
substandard performance.
• Avendis Donabedian, MD -✓✓Brought modern quality assurance
techniques to modern medicine by emphasizing structure, process, and
outcome.
• Walter Shewhart -✓✓American physicist, engineer, and statistician
working in quality control. Developed the Shewhart cycle.
• Renamed the Shewhart Cycle the PDCA Cycle. -✓✓W. Edwards
Deming, MD
, • Shewhart Cycle consists of the following four phases. -✓✓Plan, Do,
Check, Act
• PDCA approach is heavily emphasized in medicine because it
embodies the principles of this method. -✓✓Scientific method.
• W. Edwards Deming -✓✓Introduced statistical processes to the
industrial quality process because he recognized the importance of
having accurate and meaningful information.
• Deming's 14 Points for Management -✓✓1. Create consistency of
purpose toward improvement of product and service, with the aim to
become competitive, stay in business and provide jobs. 2. Adopt the
new philosophy. Management must take on leadership for change. 3.
Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Build quality into
the product in the first place. 4. Move toward a single supplier for any
one item, creating a long-term relationship of loyalty and trust. 5.
Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service.
6. Institute training on the job. 7. Institute leadership. Supervision
should aim to help people do a better job. 8. Drive out fear so that
everyone may work effectively. 9. Break down barriers between
departments. 10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the
workforce. 11. Recognize that the cause of low quality and low
productivity belongs to the system, and thus lies beyond the power of
the work force - eliminate quotas and substitute leadership/ eliminate
management by objective and substitute leadership. 12. Remove
(HCQM) Practice Questions and Answers
2026 | Updated Revision Pack | Grade
A+
• Basic common threads of Quality Management. -✓✓Examine the
processes leading to the delivery of care, the outcomes expected from
the care, and the degree to which the expected outcomes are reached.
• Abraham Flexner -✓✓Quality should be measured.
• E.A. Codman, MD -✓✓Boston surgeon from the early 1900's was a
public health pioneer studying hospital outcomes to determine how
they could be improved.
• Founded by E.A. Codman -✓✓American College of Surgeons and its
Hospital Standardization Program
• The American College of Surgeons eventually became this
organization -✓✓The Joint Commission
• E.A. Codman Award -✓✓Given out by the Joint Commission for the
use of outcomes measures to advance the quality and safety of patient
care.
,• In 1918 the American College of Surgeons began to address the fact
that patients did not feel comfortable with this concept. -✓✓The
operation was a success but the patient died.
• John Williamson, MD -✓✓Recipient of the EA Codman Award in 2000
and is a leader in the field of health care outcomes research and its
implementation.
• Outcomes Measures -✓✓Help identify (prioritize) areas for which
measuring and analyzing the process are likely to lead to improved
outcomes.
• When outcomes do not meet expectations it is appropriate to do this.
-✓✓Measure the process producing the outcomes to improve possibly
substandard performance.
• Avendis Donabedian, MD -✓✓Brought modern quality assurance
techniques to modern medicine by emphasizing structure, process, and
outcome.
• Walter Shewhart -✓✓American physicist, engineer, and statistician
working in quality control. Developed the Shewhart cycle.
• Renamed the Shewhart Cycle the PDCA Cycle. -✓✓W. Edwards
Deming, MD
, • Shewhart Cycle consists of the following four phases. -✓✓Plan, Do,
Check, Act
• PDCA approach is heavily emphasized in medicine because it
embodies the principles of this method. -✓✓Scientific method.
• W. Edwards Deming -✓✓Introduced statistical processes to the
industrial quality process because he recognized the importance of
having accurate and meaningful information.
• Deming's 14 Points for Management -✓✓1. Create consistency of
purpose toward improvement of product and service, with the aim to
become competitive, stay in business and provide jobs. 2. Adopt the
new philosophy. Management must take on leadership for change. 3.
Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Build quality into
the product in the first place. 4. Move toward a single supplier for any
one item, creating a long-term relationship of loyalty and trust. 5.
Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service.
6. Institute training on the job. 7. Institute leadership. Supervision
should aim to help people do a better job. 8. Drive out fear so that
everyone may work effectively. 9. Break down barriers between
departments. 10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the
workforce. 11. Recognize that the cause of low quality and low
productivity belongs to the system, and thus lies beyond the power of
the work force - eliminate quotas and substitute leadership/ eliminate
management by objective and substitute leadership. 12. Remove
