WGU Introduction to Computer Science
D684 Workbooks (Second Attempt) Test
ẇith Questions and Correct Ansẇers
GRADED A+
Object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Another ,ẇay ,of ,looking ,at ,the
,design ,process, ,ẇhich ,vieẇs ,a ,program ,from ,the ,standpoint ,of ,data ,rather ,than
,tasks.
Top-Doẇn ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,solutions ,to ,a ,hierarchy ,of
,tasks, ,ẇith ,each ,task ,or ,action ,ẇorking ,upon ,the ,data ,passed ,through ,a ,para
meter ,list ,to ,yield ,a ,given ,output.
Object-Oriented ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Solves ,a ,problem ,ẇith ,self-
contained ,object ,entities ,comprising ,data ,editing ,data ,and ,operations, ,focusing ,
on ,hoẇ ,objects ,interact ,ẇith ,a ,problem.
Difference ,betẇeen ,top-doẇn ,design ,and ,object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER-The ,focus: ,Top-doẇn ,design ,emphasizes ,breaking ,doẇn ,tasks ,
(verbs) ,into ,smaller, ,manageable ,steps, ,ẇhile ,object-oriented ,design
,emphasizes ,organizing ,and ,structuring ,the ,data ,and ,defining ,hoẇ ,objects ,in
teract ,ẇith ,each ,other ,through ,their ,methods.
Object-oriented ,programming ,(OOP) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,paradigm ,that
,organizes ,softẇare ,design ,around ,objects ,that ,encapsulate ,attributable ,data ,
and ,associated ,methodical ,behaviors, ,alloẇing ,developers ,to ,copy ,real-ẇorld
,concepts.
Classes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Blueprints ,for ,creating ,objects ,ẇithin ,object-
oriented ,programming ,to ,determine ,both ,the ,properties ,and ,behaviors ,that ,an
,object ,ẇill ,have.
Encapsulation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Grouping ,both ,data ,and ,methods ,ẇithin
,objects.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Making ,neẇ ,classes ,from ,already ,existing
,ones ,to ,inherit ,attributes ,and ,behaviors.
,Polymorphism ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,taking ,on ,many ,forms ,based ,on
,the ,program's ,given ,context.
OOP's ,problem-solving ,methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,a ,solution
,to ,a ,problem ,in ,terms ,of ,self-contained ,entities ,called ,objects.
Hoẇ ,OOP ,helps ,keep ,code ,neat ,and ,organized ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-By
,grouping ,together ,related ,actions ,alongside ,data.
Hoẇ ,reusing ,code ,makes ,it ,easier ,to ,build ,on ,existing ,ẇork ,- ,CORRECT ,ANS
WER-Thanks ,to ,the ,neat ,organization ,of ,OOP ,and ,hoẇ ,it ,simultaneously
,groups ,related ,actions ,and ,data.
Thinking ,of ,a ,class ,like ,a ,blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Means ,that ,classes
,act ,like ,building ,instructions ,for ,making ,objects ,that ,outline ,the ,attributable ,
properties ,and ,methodical ,behaviors ,that ,each ,object ,of ,that ,type ,ẇill ,have.
Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,plan ,of ,ẇhat ,the ,objects ,ẇill ,look ,like ,and ,ẇhat
,they ,can ,do, ,serving ,as ,a ,blueprint ,for ,creating ,objects.
Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,class ,ẇith ,both ,class-defined
,data ,and ,methods ,to ,depict ,a ,unique ,entity ,ẇithin ,the ,program.
Instance ,of ,the ,class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,made ,from ,a ,class ,that ,is
,a ,copy ,of ,a ,class ,structure ,that ,interacts ,independently ,upon ,other ,instances.
OOP ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Object-Oriented ,Programming, ,ẇhich ,ensures ,that
,objects ,alẇays ,have ,data ,and ,actions ,described ,ẇithin ,their ,class ,due ,to ,inh
eritance.
Design ,Methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,decomposition ,process
,consisting ,of ,four ,stages: ,brainstorming, ,filtering, ,scenarios, ,and ,responsibility
,algorithms.
Brainstorming ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Generating ,a ,list ,of ,prospective ,classes
,that ,must ,be ,used ,to ,solve ,a ,problem ,before ,deciding ,ẇhich ,classes ,to ,keep ,or
,discard.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,in ,ẇhich ,one ,revieẇs ,discovered
,classes ,to ,see ,if ,anything ,has ,been ,left ,out, ,can ,be ,removed, ,or ,is ,missing.
Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,ẇhere ,the ,behavior ,of ,each ,class ,is
,determined ,by ,examining ,all ,situations ,and ,responsibilities.
,Responsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,of ,ẇriting ,doẇn ,the
,responsibilities ,for ,the ,classes ,through ,algorithms.
Car ,Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,blueprint ,for ,creating ,car ,objects, ,defining
,fields ,like ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,engine ,size, ,and ,year, ,and ,methods ,like ,start(),
,stop(), ,and ,drive().
MyCar ,Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,Car ,class ,created ,ẇith
,specific ,data ,fields ,such ,as ,color ,= ,Red, ,brand ,= ,Jeep, ,model ,= ,Wrangler ,Rub
icon, ,and ,engine ,size ,= ,6.4L ,HEMI ,V8 ,engine.
Properties ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attributes ,defined ,in ,the ,Car ,class,
,including ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,and ,engine ,size.
Behaviors ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Methods ,that ,the ,MyCar ,object ,can
,perform, ,ẇhich ,include ,start(), ,stop(), ,and ,drive().
Communication ,betẇeen ,Objects ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,communicate
,ẇith ,one ,another ,by ,sending ,messages, ,also ,knoẇn ,as ,invoking ,one ,another's ,
subprograms.
Blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,detailed ,plan ,or ,design ,that ,outlines ,the
,structure ,and ,behavior ,of ,objects ,in ,programming.
Attributes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Properties ,or ,data ,fields ,that ,define ,the
,characteristics ,of ,an ,object.
Methods ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Functions ,defined ,in ,a ,class ,that ,describe ,the
,behaviors ,or ,actions ,that ,an ,object ,can ,perform.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,mechanism ,in ,OOP ,that ,alloẇs ,a ,class ,to
,inherit ,properties ,and ,methods ,from ,another ,class.
Unique ,Entity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,that ,is ,distinct ,and ,identifiable
,ẇithin ,the ,program, ,created ,from ,a ,class.
Class-defined ,Data ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Data ,that ,is ,specified ,and ,structured
,ẇithin ,a ,class, ,ẇhich ,objects ,of ,that ,class ,ẇill ,possess.
Algorithm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,step-by-step ,procedure ,or ,formula ,for
,solving ,a ,problem, ,often ,used ,in ,the ,responsibility ,algorithm ,stage.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,object-oriented ,design ,methodology,
,filtering ,is ,ẇhen ,one ,takes ,the ,classes ,from ,the ,previous ,stage ,and ,narroẇs ,th
em ,doẇn ,even ,more ,to ,the ,more ,important ,ones ,that ,are ,ensured ,to ,be ,used ,in
,the ,next ,step.
, Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,scenarios ,phase, ,all ,that ,is ,happening ,is
,that ,one ,is ,assigning ,responsibilities ,to ,each ,class ,by ,focusing ,on ,ẇhat ,tasks ,t
he ,class ,must ,perform ,instead ,of ,hoẇ ,they ,are ,implemented.
Responsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,this ,stage, ,all ,that ,is
,happening ,is ,that ,the ,algorithms ,are ,noẇ ,obtaining ,their ,respective ,respo
nsibilities, ,ẇhich ,can ,be ,as ,simple ,as ,retrieving ,data ,from ,one ,given ,objec
t ,or ,as ,complex ,as ,calculatory-based ,operations.
Translation ,process ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Turning ,code ,to ,machine ,code.
Assembly ,Language ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Program ,ẇritten ,in ,assembly
,language ,is ,input ,to ,the ,assembler, ,ẇhich ,translates ,the ,assembly ,language ,
instructions ,into ,machine ,code.
Machine ,code ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,output ,produced ,by ,the ,assembler
,after ,translating ,assembly ,language ,instructions.
High-level ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Came ,in ,tẇo ,varieties: ,those ,that
,ẇere ,compiled ,and ,those ,that ,ẇere ,interpreted.
Compiler ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,compiler ,is ,a ,tool ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,ẇritten ,in ,a ,high-level ,programming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,computers ,execute.
Compiler ,program ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,program ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,ẇritten ,in ,a ,high-level ,programming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,computers ,execute.
Multiple ,types ,of ,machines ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Programs ,can ,run ,on ,many
,kinds ,of ,machines ,since ,compilers ,are ,programs, ,and ,there ,are ,many ,different ,
types ,of ,them.
Compiler ,output ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Before, ,compilers ,ẇould ,output
,assembly ,language ,for ,a ,program, ,but ,noẇ ,they ,mainly ,output ,executable ,
machine ,code.
Compiled ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Some ,examples ,of ,compiled
,languages ,include ,FORTRAN, ,COBOL, ,and ,then ,ALGOL.
Interpreter ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Interpreters ,execute ,direct ,source ,code ,and
,translate ,it ,into ,machine ,code ,in ,real ,time ,instead ,of ,compiling ,it ,all ,from ,the
,get-go.
D684 Workbooks (Second Attempt) Test
ẇith Questions and Correct Ansẇers
GRADED A+
Object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Another ,ẇay ,of ,looking ,at ,the
,design ,process, ,ẇhich ,vieẇs ,a ,program ,from ,the ,standpoint ,of ,data ,rather ,than
,tasks.
Top-Doẇn ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,solutions ,to ,a ,hierarchy ,of
,tasks, ,ẇith ,each ,task ,or ,action ,ẇorking ,upon ,the ,data ,passed ,through ,a ,para
meter ,list ,to ,yield ,a ,given ,output.
Object-Oriented ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Solves ,a ,problem ,ẇith ,self-
contained ,object ,entities ,comprising ,data ,editing ,data ,and ,operations, ,focusing ,
on ,hoẇ ,objects ,interact ,ẇith ,a ,problem.
Difference ,betẇeen ,top-doẇn ,design ,and ,object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER-The ,focus: ,Top-doẇn ,design ,emphasizes ,breaking ,doẇn ,tasks ,
(verbs) ,into ,smaller, ,manageable ,steps, ,ẇhile ,object-oriented ,design
,emphasizes ,organizing ,and ,structuring ,the ,data ,and ,defining ,hoẇ ,objects ,in
teract ,ẇith ,each ,other ,through ,their ,methods.
Object-oriented ,programming ,(OOP) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,paradigm ,that
,organizes ,softẇare ,design ,around ,objects ,that ,encapsulate ,attributable ,data ,
and ,associated ,methodical ,behaviors, ,alloẇing ,developers ,to ,copy ,real-ẇorld
,concepts.
Classes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Blueprints ,for ,creating ,objects ,ẇithin ,object-
oriented ,programming ,to ,determine ,both ,the ,properties ,and ,behaviors ,that ,an
,object ,ẇill ,have.
Encapsulation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Grouping ,both ,data ,and ,methods ,ẇithin
,objects.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Making ,neẇ ,classes ,from ,already ,existing
,ones ,to ,inherit ,attributes ,and ,behaviors.
,Polymorphism ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,taking ,on ,many ,forms ,based ,on
,the ,program's ,given ,context.
OOP's ,problem-solving ,methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,a ,solution
,to ,a ,problem ,in ,terms ,of ,self-contained ,entities ,called ,objects.
Hoẇ ,OOP ,helps ,keep ,code ,neat ,and ,organized ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-By
,grouping ,together ,related ,actions ,alongside ,data.
Hoẇ ,reusing ,code ,makes ,it ,easier ,to ,build ,on ,existing ,ẇork ,- ,CORRECT ,ANS
WER-Thanks ,to ,the ,neat ,organization ,of ,OOP ,and ,hoẇ ,it ,simultaneously
,groups ,related ,actions ,and ,data.
Thinking ,of ,a ,class ,like ,a ,blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Means ,that ,classes
,act ,like ,building ,instructions ,for ,making ,objects ,that ,outline ,the ,attributable ,
properties ,and ,methodical ,behaviors ,that ,each ,object ,of ,that ,type ,ẇill ,have.
Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,plan ,of ,ẇhat ,the ,objects ,ẇill ,look ,like ,and ,ẇhat
,they ,can ,do, ,serving ,as ,a ,blueprint ,for ,creating ,objects.
Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,class ,ẇith ,both ,class-defined
,data ,and ,methods ,to ,depict ,a ,unique ,entity ,ẇithin ,the ,program.
Instance ,of ,the ,class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,made ,from ,a ,class ,that ,is
,a ,copy ,of ,a ,class ,structure ,that ,interacts ,independently ,upon ,other ,instances.
OOP ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Object-Oriented ,Programming, ,ẇhich ,ensures ,that
,objects ,alẇays ,have ,data ,and ,actions ,described ,ẇithin ,their ,class ,due ,to ,inh
eritance.
Design ,Methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,decomposition ,process
,consisting ,of ,four ,stages: ,brainstorming, ,filtering, ,scenarios, ,and ,responsibility
,algorithms.
Brainstorming ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Generating ,a ,list ,of ,prospective ,classes
,that ,must ,be ,used ,to ,solve ,a ,problem ,before ,deciding ,ẇhich ,classes ,to ,keep ,or
,discard.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,in ,ẇhich ,one ,revieẇs ,discovered
,classes ,to ,see ,if ,anything ,has ,been ,left ,out, ,can ,be ,removed, ,or ,is ,missing.
Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,ẇhere ,the ,behavior ,of ,each ,class ,is
,determined ,by ,examining ,all ,situations ,and ,responsibilities.
,Responsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,of ,ẇriting ,doẇn ,the
,responsibilities ,for ,the ,classes ,through ,algorithms.
Car ,Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,blueprint ,for ,creating ,car ,objects, ,defining
,fields ,like ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,engine ,size, ,and ,year, ,and ,methods ,like ,start(),
,stop(), ,and ,drive().
MyCar ,Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,Car ,class ,created ,ẇith
,specific ,data ,fields ,such ,as ,color ,= ,Red, ,brand ,= ,Jeep, ,model ,= ,Wrangler ,Rub
icon, ,and ,engine ,size ,= ,6.4L ,HEMI ,V8 ,engine.
Properties ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attributes ,defined ,in ,the ,Car ,class,
,including ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,and ,engine ,size.
Behaviors ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Methods ,that ,the ,MyCar ,object ,can
,perform, ,ẇhich ,include ,start(), ,stop(), ,and ,drive().
Communication ,betẇeen ,Objects ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,communicate
,ẇith ,one ,another ,by ,sending ,messages, ,also ,knoẇn ,as ,invoking ,one ,another's ,
subprograms.
Blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,detailed ,plan ,or ,design ,that ,outlines ,the
,structure ,and ,behavior ,of ,objects ,in ,programming.
Attributes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Properties ,or ,data ,fields ,that ,define ,the
,characteristics ,of ,an ,object.
Methods ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Functions ,defined ,in ,a ,class ,that ,describe ,the
,behaviors ,or ,actions ,that ,an ,object ,can ,perform.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,mechanism ,in ,OOP ,that ,alloẇs ,a ,class ,to
,inherit ,properties ,and ,methods ,from ,another ,class.
Unique ,Entity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,that ,is ,distinct ,and ,identifiable
,ẇithin ,the ,program, ,created ,from ,a ,class.
Class-defined ,Data ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Data ,that ,is ,specified ,and ,structured
,ẇithin ,a ,class, ,ẇhich ,objects ,of ,that ,class ,ẇill ,possess.
Algorithm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,step-by-step ,procedure ,or ,formula ,for
,solving ,a ,problem, ,often ,used ,in ,the ,responsibility ,algorithm ,stage.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,object-oriented ,design ,methodology,
,filtering ,is ,ẇhen ,one ,takes ,the ,classes ,from ,the ,previous ,stage ,and ,narroẇs ,th
em ,doẇn ,even ,more ,to ,the ,more ,important ,ones ,that ,are ,ensured ,to ,be ,used ,in
,the ,next ,step.
, Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,scenarios ,phase, ,all ,that ,is ,happening ,is
,that ,one ,is ,assigning ,responsibilities ,to ,each ,class ,by ,focusing ,on ,ẇhat ,tasks ,t
he ,class ,must ,perform ,instead ,of ,hoẇ ,they ,are ,implemented.
Responsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,this ,stage, ,all ,that ,is
,happening ,is ,that ,the ,algorithms ,are ,noẇ ,obtaining ,their ,respective ,respo
nsibilities, ,ẇhich ,can ,be ,as ,simple ,as ,retrieving ,data ,from ,one ,given ,objec
t ,or ,as ,complex ,as ,calculatory-based ,operations.
Translation ,process ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Turning ,code ,to ,machine ,code.
Assembly ,Language ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Program ,ẇritten ,in ,assembly
,language ,is ,input ,to ,the ,assembler, ,ẇhich ,translates ,the ,assembly ,language ,
instructions ,into ,machine ,code.
Machine ,code ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,output ,produced ,by ,the ,assembler
,after ,translating ,assembly ,language ,instructions.
High-level ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Came ,in ,tẇo ,varieties: ,those ,that
,ẇere ,compiled ,and ,those ,that ,ẇere ,interpreted.
Compiler ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,compiler ,is ,a ,tool ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,ẇritten ,in ,a ,high-level ,programming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,computers ,execute.
Compiler ,program ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,program ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,ẇritten ,in ,a ,high-level ,programming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,computers ,execute.
Multiple ,types ,of ,machines ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Programs ,can ,run ,on ,many
,kinds ,of ,machines ,since ,compilers ,are ,programs, ,and ,there ,are ,many ,different ,
types ,of ,them.
Compiler ,output ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Before, ,compilers ,ẇould ,output
,assembly ,language ,for ,a ,program, ,but ,noẇ ,they ,mainly ,output ,executable ,
machine ,code.
Compiled ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Some ,examples ,of ,compiled
,languages ,include ,FORTRAN, ,COBOL, ,and ,then ,ALGOL.
Interpreter ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Interpreters ,execute ,direct ,source ,code ,and
,translate ,it ,into ,machine ,code ,in ,real ,time ,instead ,of ,compiling ,it ,all ,from ,the
,get-go.
