ANP 1106 Final Exam Review
Worksheet | Questions and Answers |
2026 Updated | 100% Correct -
University of Ottawa.
SECTION A: CELL BIOLOGY & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
Q1. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production through cellular
respiration?
• A) Ribosome
• B) Mitochondrion
• C) Golgi apparatus
• D) Lysosome
Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. Ribosomes
synthesize proteins, Golgi packages proteins, and lysosomes contain digestive
enzymes.
Q2. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the
membrane is impermeable. What will happen?
• A) The cell will swell and burst
• B) The cell will shrink (crenate)
• C) No change will occur
• D) The cell will lyse
Answer: B) The cell will shrink (crenate)
Rationale: Water moves out of the cell toward the higher solute concentration
outside, causing the cell to shrink.
Q3. The sodium-potassium pump moves which ions and in what direction?
, • A) 3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
• B) 2 Na⁺ out, 3 K⁺ in
• C) 3 Na⁺ in, 2 K⁺ out
• D) 2 Na⁺ in, 3 K⁺ out
Answer: A) 3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
Rationale: The Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2
potassium ions into the cell per ATP hydrolyzed, maintaining concentration
gradients.
Q4. Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
• A) Glucose transport via GLUT transporters
• B) Sodium-potassium pump
• C) Endocytosis
• D) Exocytosis
Answer: A) Glucose transport via GLUT transporters
Rationale: GLUT transporters move glucose down its concentration gradient
without ATP, characteristic of facilitated diffusion.
Q5. The organelle that contains digestive enzymes for breaking down cellular
waste is the:
• A) Peroxisome
• B) Lysosome
• C) Ribosome
• D) Nucleus
Answer: B) Lysosome
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion and
waste breakdown.
Q6. The nucleolus is responsible for:
• A) DNA replication
, • B) Ribosome subunit synthesis
• C) mRNA transcription
• D) ATP production
Answer: B) Ribosome subunit synthesis
Rationale: The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomal RNA and assembles ribosome
subunits.
Q7. Which type of endocytosis involves "cell drinking" (uptake of fluid and
solutes)?
• A) Phagocytosis
• B) Pinocytosis
• C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
• D) Exocytosis
Answer: B) Pinocytosis
Rationale: Pinocytosis ("cell drinking") is the non-specific uptake of fluid and
dissolved solutes.
Q8. The plasma membrane is best described by which model?
• A) A rigid, static structure
• B) A fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
• C) A single layer of proteins
• D) A carbohydrate-based barrier
Answer: B) A fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
Rationale: The fluid mosaic model describes the membrane as dynamic;
phospholipids move laterally and proteins float within the bilayer.
Q9. Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
• A) Physical barrier
• B) Selective permeability
, • C) Cell-to-cell communication
• D) Protein synthesis
Answer: D) Protein synthesis
Rationale: Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes, not the plasma membrane.
Q10. The cytoskeleton helps to:
• A) Synthesize proteins
• B) Maintain structural integrity of the cell
• C) Produce ATP
• D) Digest cellular waste
Answer: B) Maintain structural integrity of the cell
Rationale: The cytoskeleton provides structural support and maintains cell shape.
SECTION B: NERVOUS SYSTEM ORGANIZATION
Q11. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
• A) Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
• B) Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system
• C) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
• D) Sensory and Motor divisions
Answer: A) CNS and PNS
Rationale: The nervous system is structurally divided into the CNS (brain and spinal
cord) as the integrative control center, and the PNS (cranial and spinal nerves)
providing communication.
Q12. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for "fight or flight"
responses?
• A) Sympathetic division
• B) Parasympathetic division
Worksheet | Questions and Answers |
2026 Updated | 100% Correct -
University of Ottawa.
SECTION A: CELL BIOLOGY & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
Q1. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production through cellular
respiration?
• A) Ribosome
• B) Mitochondrion
• C) Golgi apparatus
• D) Lysosome
Answer: B) Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. Ribosomes
synthesize proteins, Golgi packages proteins, and lysosomes contain digestive
enzymes.
Q2. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the
membrane is impermeable. What will happen?
• A) The cell will swell and burst
• B) The cell will shrink (crenate)
• C) No change will occur
• D) The cell will lyse
Answer: B) The cell will shrink (crenate)
Rationale: Water moves out of the cell toward the higher solute concentration
outside, causing the cell to shrink.
Q3. The sodium-potassium pump moves which ions and in what direction?
, • A) 3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
• B) 2 Na⁺ out, 3 K⁺ in
• C) 3 Na⁺ in, 2 K⁺ out
• D) 2 Na⁺ in, 3 K⁺ out
Answer: A) 3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in
Rationale: The Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2
potassium ions into the cell per ATP hydrolyzed, maintaining concentration
gradients.
Q4. Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
• A) Glucose transport via GLUT transporters
• B) Sodium-potassium pump
• C) Endocytosis
• D) Exocytosis
Answer: A) Glucose transport via GLUT transporters
Rationale: GLUT transporters move glucose down its concentration gradient
without ATP, characteristic of facilitated diffusion.
Q5. The organelle that contains digestive enzymes for breaking down cellular
waste is the:
• A) Peroxisome
• B) Lysosome
• C) Ribosome
• D) Nucleus
Answer: B) Lysosome
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion and
waste breakdown.
Q6. The nucleolus is responsible for:
• A) DNA replication
, • B) Ribosome subunit synthesis
• C) mRNA transcription
• D) ATP production
Answer: B) Ribosome subunit synthesis
Rationale: The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomal RNA and assembles ribosome
subunits.
Q7. Which type of endocytosis involves "cell drinking" (uptake of fluid and
solutes)?
• A) Phagocytosis
• B) Pinocytosis
• C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
• D) Exocytosis
Answer: B) Pinocytosis
Rationale: Pinocytosis ("cell drinking") is the non-specific uptake of fluid and
dissolved solutes.
Q8. The plasma membrane is best described by which model?
• A) A rigid, static structure
• B) A fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
• C) A single layer of proteins
• D) A carbohydrate-based barrier
Answer: B) A fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
Rationale: The fluid mosaic model describes the membrane as dynamic;
phospholipids move laterally and proteins float within the bilayer.
Q9. Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
• A) Physical barrier
• B) Selective permeability
, • C) Cell-to-cell communication
• D) Protein synthesis
Answer: D) Protein synthesis
Rationale: Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes, not the plasma membrane.
Q10. The cytoskeleton helps to:
• A) Synthesize proteins
• B) Maintain structural integrity of the cell
• C) Produce ATP
• D) Digest cellular waste
Answer: B) Maintain structural integrity of the cell
Rationale: The cytoskeleton provides structural support and maintains cell shape.
SECTION B: NERVOUS SYSTEM ORGANIZATION
Q11. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
• A) Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
• B) Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system
• C) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
• D) Sensory and Motor divisions
Answer: A) CNS and PNS
Rationale: The nervous system is structurally divided into the CNS (brain and spinal
cord) as the integrative control center, and the PNS (cranial and spinal nerves)
providing communication.
Q12. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for "fight or flight"
responses?
• A) Sympathetic division
• B) Parasympathetic division
