Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA - ANSWER Right Leaflet
Name the tricuspid leaflets - ANSWER posterior, anterior, and septal/medial
The coronary arteries come off of the ______ - ANSWER Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels coming off the arch and the most proximal or distal. - ANSWER
Innominate (proximal), left carotid, and the left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER Coarctation
of the Aorta
Where do the most aortic Coarctation occur? - ANSWER After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER Posterior AV groove
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer
_______ - ANSWER Posterior
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER early diastole
Where is the chiari network located? - ANSWER RA
1
, What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER
A wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER 40-45C
TEE views by esophageal level/degrees - ANSWER 4ch- 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees
LAX- 120 degrees
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? - ANSWER The SA node has the highest
intrinsic rate of any cardiac tissue.
The save of contraction (depolarization) moves from the ______ to _____ - ANSWER
endocardium to epicardium (Inside to outside)
What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER That period when a muscle cell is not
excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3; the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and
the muscle cell might contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, T wave represents - ANSWER P wave- atrial systole
P-R interval- includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
QRS complex- ventricular diastole (repolarization)
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER 0.10 sec
Frank-Sterling Law - ANSWER Increased volume= increased contractility
RUBBER BAND THEORY
2
Name the tricuspid leaflets - ANSWER posterior, anterior, and septal/medial
The coronary arteries come off of the ______ - ANSWER Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels coming off the arch and the most proximal or distal. - ANSWER
Innominate (proximal), left carotid, and the left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER Coarctation
of the Aorta
Where do the most aortic Coarctation occur? - ANSWER After the take-off of the left
subclavian artery, or within the aortic isthmus
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER Posterior AV groove
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer
_______ - ANSWER Posterior
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER early diastole
Where is the chiari network located? - ANSWER RA
1
, What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER
A wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER 40-45C
TEE views by esophageal level/degrees - ANSWER 4ch- 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees
LAX- 120 degrees
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? - ANSWER The SA node has the highest
intrinsic rate of any cardiac tissue.
The save of contraction (depolarization) moves from the ______ to _____ - ANSWER
endocardium to epicardium (Inside to outside)
What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER That period when a muscle cell is not
excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3; the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and
the muscle cell might contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, T wave represents - ANSWER P wave- atrial systole
P-R interval- includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization)
QRS complex- ventricular diastole (repolarization)
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER 0.10 sec
Frank-Sterling Law - ANSWER Increased volume= increased contractility
RUBBER BAND THEORY
2
