Esthetician Licensing Examination
Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
1. Which layer of the epidermis is also known as the basal cell layer and is
responsible for continuous cell division?
A. Stratum germinativum
B. Stratum spinosum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum corneum
Rationale: The stratum germinativum, or basal layer, is the deepest layer of the
epidermis where mitosis occurs continuously to replace cells shed from the
surface. The spinosum is the spiny layer, the granulosum is the granular layer,
and the corneum is the outermost horny layer of dead keratinocytes.
2. What type of bacteria is harmless and can even perform useful functions in
the human body?
A. Pathogenic
B. Nonpathogenic
C. Staphylococci
D. Streptococci
Rationale: Nonpathogenic bacteria are completely harmless and can be
beneficial, aiding in functions like digestion. Pathogenic bacteria cause infection
and disease, while staphylococci and streptococci are specific types of
pathogenic, pus-forming bacteria.
, 3. Which of the following skin lesions is considered a primary lesion and is
characterized by a flat spot or discoloration on the skin?
A. Fissure
B. Macule
C. Keloid
D. Excoriation
Rationale: A macule is a flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle,
which constitutes a primary lesion. Fissures, keloids, and excoriations are all
secondary lesions, which develop in the later stages of an injury or disease.
4. What type of current does a Galvanic machine utilize to force water-soluble
products into the deeper layers of the skin?
A. High-frequency current
B. Alternating current
C. Sinusoidal current
D. Direct current
Rationale: Galvanic current is a constant and direct current (DC) that flows in
one direction, using positive and negative poles to cause chemical changes and
iontophoresis. High-frequency, sinusoidal, and standard alternating currents
alternate directions and do not produce electrochemical ion penetration.
5. What is the technical term used to describe the abnormal
hyperpigmentation caused by overactivity of melanocytes, often triggered
by sun exposure?
A. Albinism
B. Vitiligo
C. Leukoderma
D. Chloasma
,Rationale: Chloasma, also known as melasma or liver spots, is a condition
characterized by hyperpigmentation in spots that are not elevated, often due to
sun or hormonal shifts. Albinism, vitiligo, and leukoderma are all forms of
hypopigmentation or a lack of pigment.
6. Which muscle covers the top of the skull and consists of the occipitalis and
frontalis sections?
A. Epicranius
B. Platysma
C. Temporalis
D. Masseter
Rationale: The epicranius, also known as the occipitofrontalis, is a broad muscle
that covers the top of the skull. The platysma is a neck muscle, while the
temporalis and masseter are muscles of mastication located on the side of the
face and jaw.
7. What is the fundamental active chemical ingredient used in an alkaline hair
remover, or depilatory?
A. Hydrogen peroxide
B. Thioglycolic acid derivative
C. Sodium chloride
D. Glycolic acid
Rationale: Chemical depilatories typically use a thioglycolic acid derivative or
compound to soften and dissolve the protein structure of the hair at the skin
surface. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizer used in permanent tints, sodium
chloride is salt, and glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid exfoliant.
8. In a facial treatment, during which step should a comprehensive,
professional skin analysis always be performed?
A. After the mask application
, B. Before cleansing the skin
C. After cleansing the skin
D. After the final moisturizer is applied
Rationale: A thorough skin analysis must be performed immediately after
cleansing the skin to remove makeup and debris, allowing the esthetician to
accurately observe the natural skin type and conditions without barriers. Doing
it before cleansing is inaccurate, and doing it after a mask or moisturizer is too
late in the service.
9. What are the microscopic, tube-like glands that excrete sweat and regulate
body temperature called?
A. Sebaceous glands
B. Sudoriferous glands
C. Endocrine glands
D. Adrenal glands
Rationale: Sudoriferous glands are sweat glands that excrete perspiration to
detoxify the body and regulate temperature. Sebaceous glands secrete oil
(sebum), whereas endocrine and adrenal glands secrete internal hormones
directly into the bloodstream.
10.Which type of skin condition is characterized by dry, scaly skin resulting
from a significant deficiency or lack of sebum?
A. Asteatosis
B. Seborrhea
C. Rosacea
D. Steatoma
Rationale: Asteatosis is a condition of dry, scaly skin due to sebum deficiency,
frequently occurring in elderly individuals or due to harsh cold weather.
Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A |
Instant Download Pdf
1. Which layer of the epidermis is also known as the basal cell layer and is
responsible for continuous cell division?
A. Stratum germinativum
B. Stratum spinosum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum corneum
Rationale: The stratum germinativum, or basal layer, is the deepest layer of the
epidermis where mitosis occurs continuously to replace cells shed from the
surface. The spinosum is the spiny layer, the granulosum is the granular layer,
and the corneum is the outermost horny layer of dead keratinocytes.
2. What type of bacteria is harmless and can even perform useful functions in
the human body?
A. Pathogenic
B. Nonpathogenic
C. Staphylococci
D. Streptococci
Rationale: Nonpathogenic bacteria are completely harmless and can be
beneficial, aiding in functions like digestion. Pathogenic bacteria cause infection
and disease, while staphylococci and streptococci are specific types of
pathogenic, pus-forming bacteria.
, 3. Which of the following skin lesions is considered a primary lesion and is
characterized by a flat spot or discoloration on the skin?
A. Fissure
B. Macule
C. Keloid
D. Excoriation
Rationale: A macule is a flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle,
which constitutes a primary lesion. Fissures, keloids, and excoriations are all
secondary lesions, which develop in the later stages of an injury or disease.
4. What type of current does a Galvanic machine utilize to force water-soluble
products into the deeper layers of the skin?
A. High-frequency current
B. Alternating current
C. Sinusoidal current
D. Direct current
Rationale: Galvanic current is a constant and direct current (DC) that flows in
one direction, using positive and negative poles to cause chemical changes and
iontophoresis. High-frequency, sinusoidal, and standard alternating currents
alternate directions and do not produce electrochemical ion penetration.
5. What is the technical term used to describe the abnormal
hyperpigmentation caused by overactivity of melanocytes, often triggered
by sun exposure?
A. Albinism
B. Vitiligo
C. Leukoderma
D. Chloasma
,Rationale: Chloasma, also known as melasma or liver spots, is a condition
characterized by hyperpigmentation in spots that are not elevated, often due to
sun or hormonal shifts. Albinism, vitiligo, and leukoderma are all forms of
hypopigmentation or a lack of pigment.
6. Which muscle covers the top of the skull and consists of the occipitalis and
frontalis sections?
A. Epicranius
B. Platysma
C. Temporalis
D. Masseter
Rationale: The epicranius, also known as the occipitofrontalis, is a broad muscle
that covers the top of the skull. The platysma is a neck muscle, while the
temporalis and masseter are muscles of mastication located on the side of the
face and jaw.
7. What is the fundamental active chemical ingredient used in an alkaline hair
remover, or depilatory?
A. Hydrogen peroxide
B. Thioglycolic acid derivative
C. Sodium chloride
D. Glycolic acid
Rationale: Chemical depilatories typically use a thioglycolic acid derivative or
compound to soften and dissolve the protein structure of the hair at the skin
surface. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizer used in permanent tints, sodium
chloride is salt, and glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid exfoliant.
8. In a facial treatment, during which step should a comprehensive,
professional skin analysis always be performed?
A. After the mask application
, B. Before cleansing the skin
C. After cleansing the skin
D. After the final moisturizer is applied
Rationale: A thorough skin analysis must be performed immediately after
cleansing the skin to remove makeup and debris, allowing the esthetician to
accurately observe the natural skin type and conditions without barriers. Doing
it before cleansing is inaccurate, and doing it after a mask or moisturizer is too
late in the service.
9. What are the microscopic, tube-like glands that excrete sweat and regulate
body temperature called?
A. Sebaceous glands
B. Sudoriferous glands
C. Endocrine glands
D. Adrenal glands
Rationale: Sudoriferous glands are sweat glands that excrete perspiration to
detoxify the body and regulate temperature. Sebaceous glands secrete oil
(sebum), whereas endocrine and adrenal glands secrete internal hormones
directly into the bloodstream.
10.Which type of skin condition is characterized by dry, scaly skin resulting
from a significant deficiency or lack of sebum?
A. Asteatosis
B. Seborrhea
C. Rosacea
D. Steatoma
Rationale: Asteatosis is a condition of dry, scaly skin due to sebum deficiency,
frequently occurring in elderly individuals or due to harsh cold weather.
