NUR 3270/NUR3270 Exam 4 V3 | Comp
Health Assessment Q&A with Rationale |
William Paterson University
1. During a neurological exam, the nurse asks the patient to follow a finger through the six
cardinal positions of gaze. Which cranial nerves are being evaluated?
A. Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI
B. Cranial nerves II, III, and IV
C. Cranial nerves IV, V, and VII
D. Cranial nerves VI, VII, and VIII
Answer: A
Rationale: The six cardinal positions of gaze test the extrinsic eye muscles and the nerves
that control them. These include the Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), and Abducens (VI)
nerves. This assessment helps the nurse detect muscle weakness or nystagmus during
movement.
2. When assessing the musculoskeletal system, the nurse asks the patient to move their arm
away from the midline. What is this movement called?
A. Abduction
B. Adduction
C. Circumduction
,D. Flexion
Answer: A
Rationale: Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body. In
contrast, adduction moves the limb toward the midline of the body. Correct terminology is
essential for accurate documentation of a patient’s range of motion.
3. Which location in the breast is the most common site for the development of breast
tumors?
A. Upper outer quadrant
B. Lower outer quadrant
C. Upper inner quadrant
D. The nipple and areola area
Answer: A
Rationale: The upper outer quadrant of the breast, which includes the Tail of Spence, is the
most frequent site for breast cancer. This area contains a high concentration of glandular
tissue where malignancies often originate. Nurses must pay close attention to this region
during a clinical breast examination.
4. A patient presents with a ‘positive’ Romberg test. What does this finding indicate regarding
the patient’s neurological status?
A. Inability to identify objects in the hand
, B. Loss of balance when the eyes are closed
C. Lack of coordination during rapid alternating movements
D. Failure of the pupils to constrict to light
Answer: B
Rationale: A positive Romberg sign occurs when a patient loses balance after closing their
eyes while standing with feet together. This indicates a problem with sensory ataxia or
vestibular function, as the person relies on visual cues to maintain balance. It specifically
suggests a loss of proprioception or posterior column disease.
5. During a male genitourinary assessment, the nurse finds that the meatus is located on the
ventral (underside) of the penis. This condition is known as:
A. Epispadias
B. Phimosis
C. Hypospadias
D. Paraphimosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital displacement of the urethral meatus to the inferior
or ventral surface of the penis. Epispadias, conversely, refers to the meatus being on the
dorsal or upper side. This anatomical variation is typically corrected surgically in early
childhood.
Health Assessment Q&A with Rationale |
William Paterson University
1. During a neurological exam, the nurse asks the patient to follow a finger through the six
cardinal positions of gaze. Which cranial nerves are being evaluated?
A. Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI
B. Cranial nerves II, III, and IV
C. Cranial nerves IV, V, and VII
D. Cranial nerves VI, VII, and VIII
Answer: A
Rationale: The six cardinal positions of gaze test the extrinsic eye muscles and the nerves
that control them. These include the Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), and Abducens (VI)
nerves. This assessment helps the nurse detect muscle weakness or nystagmus during
movement.
2. When assessing the musculoskeletal system, the nurse asks the patient to move their arm
away from the midline. What is this movement called?
A. Abduction
B. Adduction
C. Circumduction
,D. Flexion
Answer: A
Rationale: Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body. In
contrast, adduction moves the limb toward the midline of the body. Correct terminology is
essential for accurate documentation of a patient’s range of motion.
3. Which location in the breast is the most common site for the development of breast
tumors?
A. Upper outer quadrant
B. Lower outer quadrant
C. Upper inner quadrant
D. The nipple and areola area
Answer: A
Rationale: The upper outer quadrant of the breast, which includes the Tail of Spence, is the
most frequent site for breast cancer. This area contains a high concentration of glandular
tissue where malignancies often originate. Nurses must pay close attention to this region
during a clinical breast examination.
4. A patient presents with a ‘positive’ Romberg test. What does this finding indicate regarding
the patient’s neurological status?
A. Inability to identify objects in the hand
, B. Loss of balance when the eyes are closed
C. Lack of coordination during rapid alternating movements
D. Failure of the pupils to constrict to light
Answer: B
Rationale: A positive Romberg sign occurs when a patient loses balance after closing their
eyes while standing with feet together. This indicates a problem with sensory ataxia or
vestibular function, as the person relies on visual cues to maintain balance. It specifically
suggests a loss of proprioception or posterior column disease.
5. During a male genitourinary assessment, the nurse finds that the meatus is located on the
ventral (underside) of the penis. This condition is known as:
A. Epispadias
B. Phimosis
C. Hypospadias
D. Paraphimosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital displacement of the urethral meatus to the inferior
or ventral surface of the penis. Epispadias, conversely, refers to the meatus being on the
dorsal or upper side. This anatomical variation is typically corrected surgically in early
childhood.
