2026 NBRC TMC CRT RRT Practice Exam 100 Questions and Answers with Rationales.pdf

NBRC TMC CRT RRT Practice Exam


2026 NBRC/TMC/CRT/RRT Practice
Exam 100 Questions and Answers with
Rationales
QUESTIONS 1–25 (Patient Assessment &
Data Interpretation)
1. A patient presents with ABG: pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 60, HCO₃ 28. Interpretation?

A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
C. Partially compensated respiratory acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Low pH + high CO₂ = respiratory acidosis with elevated HCO₃ showing
compensation.



2. Normal PaO₂ in a healthy adult is:

A. 60–70
B. 75–85
C. 80–100
D. 100–120
Answer: C
Rationale: Normal arterial oxygen tension is 80–100 mmHg.



3. A SpO₂ of 88% on room air indicates:

A. Normal oxygenation
B. Mild hypoxemia
C. Severe hypoxemia
D. Hyperoxia
Answer: B
Rationale: 85–89% = mild hypoxemia.

, NBRC TMC CRT RRT Practice Exam

4. Most sensitive indicator of oxygenation is:

A. PaCO₂
B. pH
C. PaO₂
D. SpO₂
Answer: C



5. Increased A–a gradient indicates:

A. Hypoventilation only
B. V/Q mismatch or shunt
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Hyperventilation
Answer: B



6. Normal A–a gradient in young adult:

A. 5–10
B. 5–15
C. 10–20
D. 20–30
Answer: B



7. Most common cause of hypoxemia:

A. Shunt
B. Hypoventilation
C. V/Q mismatch
D. Diffusion impairment
Answer: C



8. Cyanosis becomes visible when:

A. 1 g/dL deoxygenated Hb
B. 3–5 g/dL deoxygenated Hb
C. 7 g/dL deoxygenated Hb

, NBRC TMC CRT RRT Practice Exam

D. 10 g/dL deoxygenated Hb
Answer: B



9. First action in respiratory distress:

A. ABG
B. Chest X-ray
C. Oxygen therapy
D. Bronchoscopy
Answer: C



10. Normal respiratory rate adult:

A. 8–12
B. 12–20
C. 18–30
D. 20–24
Answer: B



11. Hypercapnia is defined as:

A. PaCO₂ <35
B. PaCO₂ >45
C. PaO₂ <60
D. pH >7.45
Answer: B



12. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by:

A. Hypoventilation
B. Hyperventilation
C. COPD
D. Hypoxia only
Answer: B



13. COPD ABG pattern: