WGU C190 OA Bio Exam|Questions and Correct
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,Adaptation- - Answer The adjustment or changes in behavior, physiology, and structure of an
organism to become more suited to an environment.
Aerobic- - Answer A process that requires oxygen.
Allele -An alternative form of a gene. An example would be genes that encode eye color—some
encode blue eyes (one allele), while others encode brown, green, or hazel eye colors (other
alleles). - Answer
amino acids - - Answer A small organic molecule with the structure of an amino group, a
carboxylic acid group, and an "R" group, which are all bonded to a single central carbon atom.
The difference between the "R" group is what distinguishes one amino acid from another.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Anaerobic- - Answer A process that occurs without oxygen.
Anaphase- - Answer A stage within the mitosis phase of cell division (also known as cell
reproduction). Anaphase starts when sister chromatids separate from each other and ends
when each set of separated, sister chromatids arrives at the opposite poles of the cell.
anaphase I- - Answer The third stage of Meiosis I—the two homologous chromosomes
separate and migrate toward opposite poles.
anaphase II- - Answer The third stage in Meiosis II—the centromeres separate and the sister
chromatids (now individual chromosomes) move toward the opposite poles of the cell.
artificial selection- - Answer Deliberate mating between two individuals who were selected
based on desired traits.
,asexual reproduction - - Answer A type of reproduction where genetically identical offspring
are created from a single parent. This type of reproduction does not utilize meiosis or gametes.
Bacteria
and fungi are examples of organisms that reproduce in this manner. - Answer
Atom- - Answer The basic unit of matter that cannot be further broken down without losing
its unique properties. One atom consists of a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
Autosomal- - Answer Describes a trait associated with alleles located on autosomes (non sex
chromosomes).
autosomal chromosome- - Answer A chromosome not involved in sex determination.
biogeochemical cycle- - Answer The processes that transfer chemical elements between
biotic and abiotic components in an ecosystem. There are several main cycles: the water cycle,
the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the phosphorus cycle.
Biome- - Answer A large naturally occurring community of plants and animals occupying a
major habitat. Examples include tropical forest and arctic tundra.
Biomes- - Answer A pattern of distribution of ecosystems across the globe, where similar
environmental conditions lead to similar animal and plant adaptations. Examples of biomes
include tropical rainforests, deserts, and tundra.
biosphere- - Answer All areas on, within, and around the planet Earth that are capable of
supporting life.
, Calvin cycle (Calvin-Ben - Answer son cycle or light-independent reaction)- The set of
chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. The cycle is light-
independent because it takes place after the energy has been captured from sunlight. Also
called Calvin-Benson Cycle, Benson-Calvin Cycle.
Carbohydrates- - Answer The extracellular surface of the cell membrane is decorated with
carbohydrate groups attached to lipids and proteins. These short carbohydrates play a role in
giving a cell its identity (i.e., distinguishing self from non-self) and are the distinguishing factor
in human blood types.
carbon cycle- - Answer The biogeochemical cycle through which carbon flows between the
atmosphere, water, land, and ecosystems.
cell cycle- - Answer A series of phases in the life of the cell through which it grows and
divides.
cell wall- - Answer Protective and reinforcing structure found in certain cells, situated
outside the plasma membrane. Bacterial cell walls are mainly built of peptidoglycan, although
they may also contain lipidic molecules. Among eukaryotes, plants and fungi possess cell walls,
made of cellulose and chitin, respectively.
cellular respiration- - Answer Use of oxygen to release energy from nutrients; also called
aerobic respiration.
Centromere- - Answer A specific section of a chromosome where spindle fibers attach during
cell division; also the connection point of sister chromatids.
Answers 100%| Updated
https://www.stuvia.com/user/thinktrek
+1(305) 565-6365
,Adaptation- - Answer The adjustment or changes in behavior, physiology, and structure of an
organism to become more suited to an environment.
Aerobic- - Answer A process that requires oxygen.
Allele -An alternative form of a gene. An example would be genes that encode eye color—some
encode blue eyes (one allele), while others encode brown, green, or hazel eye colors (other
alleles). - Answer
amino acids - - Answer A small organic molecule with the structure of an amino group, a
carboxylic acid group, and an "R" group, which are all bonded to a single central carbon atom.
The difference between the "R" group is what distinguishes one amino acid from another.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Anaerobic- - Answer A process that occurs without oxygen.
Anaphase- - Answer A stage within the mitosis phase of cell division (also known as cell
reproduction). Anaphase starts when sister chromatids separate from each other and ends
when each set of separated, sister chromatids arrives at the opposite poles of the cell.
anaphase I- - Answer The third stage of Meiosis I—the two homologous chromosomes
separate and migrate toward opposite poles.
anaphase II- - Answer The third stage in Meiosis II—the centromeres separate and the sister
chromatids (now individual chromosomes) move toward the opposite poles of the cell.
artificial selection- - Answer Deliberate mating between two individuals who were selected
based on desired traits.
,asexual reproduction - - Answer A type of reproduction where genetically identical offspring
are created from a single parent. This type of reproduction does not utilize meiosis or gametes.
Bacteria
and fungi are examples of organisms that reproduce in this manner. - Answer
Atom- - Answer The basic unit of matter that cannot be further broken down without losing
its unique properties. One atom consists of a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
Autosomal- - Answer Describes a trait associated with alleles located on autosomes (non sex
chromosomes).
autosomal chromosome- - Answer A chromosome not involved in sex determination.
biogeochemical cycle- - Answer The processes that transfer chemical elements between
biotic and abiotic components in an ecosystem. There are several main cycles: the water cycle,
the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the phosphorus cycle.
Biome- - Answer A large naturally occurring community of plants and animals occupying a
major habitat. Examples include tropical forest and arctic tundra.
Biomes- - Answer A pattern of distribution of ecosystems across the globe, where similar
environmental conditions lead to similar animal and plant adaptations. Examples of biomes
include tropical rainforests, deserts, and tundra.
biosphere- - Answer All areas on, within, and around the planet Earth that are capable of
supporting life.
, Calvin cycle (Calvin-Ben - Answer son cycle or light-independent reaction)- The set of
chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. The cycle is light-
independent because it takes place after the energy has been captured from sunlight. Also
called Calvin-Benson Cycle, Benson-Calvin Cycle.
Carbohydrates- - Answer The extracellular surface of the cell membrane is decorated with
carbohydrate groups attached to lipids and proteins. These short carbohydrates play a role in
giving a cell its identity (i.e., distinguishing self from non-self) and are the distinguishing factor
in human blood types.
carbon cycle- - Answer The biogeochemical cycle through which carbon flows between the
atmosphere, water, land, and ecosystems.
cell cycle- - Answer A series of phases in the life of the cell through which it grows and
divides.
cell wall- - Answer Protective and reinforcing structure found in certain cells, situated
outside the plasma membrane. Bacterial cell walls are mainly built of peptidoglycan, although
they may also contain lipidic molecules. Among eukaryotes, plants and fungi possess cell walls,
made of cellulose and chitin, respectively.
cellular respiration- - Answer Use of oxygen to release energy from nutrients; also called
aerobic respiration.
Centromere- - Answer A specific section of a chromosome where spindle fibers attach during
cell division; also the connection point of sister chromatids.
