NU110 Final Exam Actual Exam Style V3 |
NU 110 Integrated Human Sciences |
Galen
1. Which of the following describes the mechanism by which the body maintains a stable
internal environment despite external changes?
A. Positive feedback
B. Anabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
Answer: D
Rationale: Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a steady state within the body’s
internal environment. It involves monitoring changes and initiating responses to keep
variables within a narrow physiological range. Most homeostatic controls utilize negative
feedback loops to reverse deviations from a set point.
2. What is the primary function of the mitochondria within a human cell?
A. Protein synthesis
B. ATP production
C. Waste disposal
D. DNA replication
,Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell because they
generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process occurs through aerobic cellular
respiration, which utilizes oxygen and glucose. Cells with high energy demands, such as
muscle cells, contain a significantly higher density of mitochondria.
3. A solution with a pH of 3.0 is classified as which of the following?
A. Neutral
B. Weakly acidic
C. Strongly acidic
D. Strongly alkaline
Answer: C
Rationale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 7 is neutral. Values below 7 are
considered acidic, and the lower the number, the stronger the acid. A pH of 3.0 represents a
high concentration of hydrogen ions, making it strongly acidic compared to a pH of 6.0.
4. Which type of tissue is characterized by being specialized for the conduction of electrical
impulses?
A. Connective tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Muscle tissue
, D. Epithelial tissue
Answer: B
Rationale: Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia that facilitate rapid
communication within the body. Neurons are specifically designed to generate and
transmit action potentials across long distances. This tissue makes up the brain, spinal
cord, and peripheral nerves.
5. During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move toward
opposite poles of the cell?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Telophase
D. Anaphase
Answer: D
Rationale: Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split. This allows
the individual chromatids, now called chromosomes, to be pulled toward opposite ends of
the cell by spindle fibers. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of
genetic material.
6. Which layer of the skin is composed primarily of dead, keratinized stratified squamous
epithelial cells?
A. Stratum basale
NU 110 Integrated Human Sciences |
Galen
1. Which of the following describes the mechanism by which the body maintains a stable
internal environment despite external changes?
A. Positive feedback
B. Anabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
Answer: D
Rationale: Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a steady state within the body’s
internal environment. It involves monitoring changes and initiating responses to keep
variables within a narrow physiological range. Most homeostatic controls utilize negative
feedback loops to reverse deviations from a set point.
2. What is the primary function of the mitochondria within a human cell?
A. Protein synthesis
B. ATP production
C. Waste disposal
D. DNA replication
,Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell because they
generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process occurs through aerobic cellular
respiration, which utilizes oxygen and glucose. Cells with high energy demands, such as
muscle cells, contain a significantly higher density of mitochondria.
3. A solution with a pH of 3.0 is classified as which of the following?
A. Neutral
B. Weakly acidic
C. Strongly acidic
D. Strongly alkaline
Answer: C
Rationale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 7 is neutral. Values below 7 are
considered acidic, and the lower the number, the stronger the acid. A pH of 3.0 represents a
high concentration of hydrogen ions, making it strongly acidic compared to a pH of 6.0.
4. Which type of tissue is characterized by being specialized for the conduction of electrical
impulses?
A. Connective tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Muscle tissue
, D. Epithelial tissue
Answer: B
Rationale: Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia that facilitate rapid
communication within the body. Neurons are specifically designed to generate and
transmit action potentials across long distances. This tissue makes up the brain, spinal
cord, and peripheral nerves.
5. During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move toward
opposite poles of the cell?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Telophase
D. Anaphase
Answer: D
Rationale: Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split. This allows
the individual chromatids, now called chromosomes, to be pulled toward opposite ends of
the cell by spindle fibers. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of
genetic material.
6. Which layer of the skin is composed primarily of dead, keratinized stratified squamous
epithelial cells?
A. Stratum basale
