## Pharmacology and
Medication
Administration (Part 4)
### Question 1
,The nurse is preparing to administer intravenous antibiotics to a patient. The patient has a history of
anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Administer the penicillin with close monitoring
B. Notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic
C. Administer a test dose of penicillin
D. Pre-medicate with diphenhydramine
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: A history of anaphylaxis to penicillin is a contraindication to penicillin use. The
nurse should notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic. Cross-reactivity may
occur with cephalosporins and carbapenems. The patient's allergy should be clearly documented, and
a medical alert bracelet should be considered.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic
---
### Question 2
A patient is prescribed diltiazem for hypertension and angina. The nurse should monitor the patient
for which adverse effect?
A. Peripheral edema and bradycardia
B. Tachycardia and hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia and weight loss
D. Bronchospasm and wheezing
, 💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that can cause peripheral edema and
bradycardia. Other side effects include headache, dizziness, and flushing. The nurse should monitor
the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and for signs of edema. The medication should be taken
consistently as prescribed.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Peripheral edema and bradycardia
---
### Question 3
The nurse is administering morphine sulfate to a patient with acute pain. Which finding indicates the
patient is experiencing a serious adverse effect?
A. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
B. Heart rate of 88 beats per minute
C. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
D. Pain rating of 4 on a 0-10 scale
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: A respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute indicates respiratory depression, a
serious adverse effect of morphine and other opioids. The nurse should assess the patient's level of
consciousness, administer naloxone if prescribed, and notify the healthcare provider. Naloxone is the
antidote for opioid overdose. The nurse should also monitor oxygen saturation.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
---
Medication
Administration (Part 4)
### Question 1
,The nurse is preparing to administer intravenous antibiotics to a patient. The patient has a history of
anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Administer the penicillin with close monitoring
B. Notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic
C. Administer a test dose of penicillin
D. Pre-medicate with diphenhydramine
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: A history of anaphylaxis to penicillin is a contraindication to penicillin use. The
nurse should notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic. Cross-reactivity may
occur with cephalosporins and carbapenems. The patient's allergy should be clearly documented, and
a medical alert bracelet should be considered.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Notify the healthcare provider and request an alternative antibiotic
---
### Question 2
A patient is prescribed diltiazem for hypertension and angina. The nurse should monitor the patient
for which adverse effect?
A. Peripheral edema and bradycardia
B. Tachycardia and hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia and weight loss
D. Bronchospasm and wheezing
, 💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that can cause peripheral edema and
bradycardia. Other side effects include headache, dizziness, and flushing. The nurse should monitor
the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and for signs of edema. The medication should be taken
consistently as prescribed.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Peripheral edema and bradycardia
---
### Question 3
The nurse is administering morphine sulfate to a patient with acute pain. Which finding indicates the
patient is experiencing a serious adverse effect?
A. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
B. Heart rate of 88 beats per minute
C. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
D. Pain rating of 4 on a 0-10 scale
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: A respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute indicates respiratory depression, a
serious adverse effect of morphine and other opioids. The nurse should assess the patient's level of
consciousness, administer naloxone if prescribed, and notify the healthcare provider. Naloxone is the
antidote for opioid overdose. The nurse should also monitor oxygen saturation.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
---
