1
NR 222 Exam #2 Study Guide – Health & Wellness \
Chamberlain University | 2026 Edition \ 100 Practice
Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: HEALTH PROMOTION MODELS & NURSING
THEORIES (1-15)
QUESTION 1:
A nurse is teaching a group of adults about the importance of
annual influenza vaccinations. According to Pender's Health
Promotion Model, which of the following is the strongest
predictor of whether an individual will engage in this health-
promoting behavior?
A) The individual's perception of the severity of influenza
B) The individual's perceived self-efficacy and perceived
benefits of the action
C) The number of health promotion advertisements they have
seen
D) Their family history of respiratory illness
RATIONALE: Pender's Health Promotion Model focuses on
factors that motivate individuals to pursue health-enhancing
behaviors. Perceived self-efficacy (the belief that one can
successfully perform the behavior) and perceived benefits (the
belief that the behavior will produce positive outcomes) are the
strongest predictors. The model emphasizes cognitive-
pg. 1
, 2
perceptual factors rather than fear-based appeals (like severity,
which is from the Health Belief Model).
QUESTION 2:
A patient states, "I know smoking causes cancer, but I'm young
and I'll quit before I get older." This statement best reflects a
barrier to health promotion known as:
A) Perceived severity
B) Perceived susceptibility
C) Perceived barriers
D) Cues to action
RATIONALE: The patient acknowledges the risk but does not
believe they are personally susceptible at this time. Perceived
susceptibility refers to an individual's belief about the likelihood
of developing a health problem. If they believe they are not
susceptible, they are less likely to change their behavior. This is
a key component of the Health Belief Model.
QUESTION 3:
Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?
A) Administering the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine
B) Teaching a patient with diabetes how to perform foot care
C) Performing a mammogram to screen for breast cancer
D) Providing pulmonary rehabilitation for a patient with COPD
pg. 2
, 3
RATIONALE: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection
and prompt treatment of disease to halt progression.
Mammograms are screening tests designed to detect breast
cancer early, before symptoms appear. Vaccination is primary
prevention. Teaching foot care to a diabetic and pulmonary
rehabilitation are examples of tertiary prevention (managing an
existing condition).
QUESTION 4:
A nurse is developing a wellness program for a community
center. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the
following needs must be addressed FIRST before participants
can focus on health promotion?
A) Self-esteem needs
B) Love and belonging needs
C) Safety and security needs
D) Self-actualization needs
RATIONALE: Maslow's hierarchy arranges human needs in a
pyramid, with the most basic physiological and safety needs at
the bottom. Before a person can focus on higher-level needs
like belonging, self-esteem, or self-actualization (which includes
health promotion), their basic physiological and safety needs
(food, shelter, freedom from harm) must be met.
pg. 3
, 4
QUESTION 5:
The clinical model of health defines health as:
A) The ability to fulfill societal roles
B) The absence of signs and symptoms of disease
C) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
D) The realization of one's full potential
RATIONALE: The clinical model is the narrowest definition of
health, equating it solely with the absence of illness or infirmity.
The World Health Organization (WHO) definition (Option C) is
broader, encompassing well-being. The role performance
model (Option A) views health as the ability to perform social
roles. The eudaimonistic model (Option D) views health as
actualization.
QUESTION 6:
Which of the following is a core concept of the Transtheoretical
Model (Stages of Change)?
A) People move linearly through fixed stages and do not relapse
B) People in the precontemplation stage intend to take action
within the next 6 months
C) Interventions should be tailored to the individual's current
stage of readiness to change
D) The model only applies to smoking cessation
RATIONALE: The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) describes
behavior change as a process occurring in stages
pg. 4
NR 222 Exam #2 Study Guide – Health & Wellness \
Chamberlain University | 2026 Edition \ 100 Practice
Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: HEALTH PROMOTION MODELS & NURSING
THEORIES (1-15)
QUESTION 1:
A nurse is teaching a group of adults about the importance of
annual influenza vaccinations. According to Pender's Health
Promotion Model, which of the following is the strongest
predictor of whether an individual will engage in this health-
promoting behavior?
A) The individual's perception of the severity of influenza
B) The individual's perceived self-efficacy and perceived
benefits of the action
C) The number of health promotion advertisements they have
seen
D) Their family history of respiratory illness
RATIONALE: Pender's Health Promotion Model focuses on
factors that motivate individuals to pursue health-enhancing
behaviors. Perceived self-efficacy (the belief that one can
successfully perform the behavior) and perceived benefits (the
belief that the behavior will produce positive outcomes) are the
strongest predictors. The model emphasizes cognitive-
pg. 1
, 2
perceptual factors rather than fear-based appeals (like severity,
which is from the Health Belief Model).
QUESTION 2:
A patient states, "I know smoking causes cancer, but I'm young
and I'll quit before I get older." This statement best reflects a
barrier to health promotion known as:
A) Perceived severity
B) Perceived susceptibility
C) Perceived barriers
D) Cues to action
RATIONALE: The patient acknowledges the risk but does not
believe they are personally susceptible at this time. Perceived
susceptibility refers to an individual's belief about the likelihood
of developing a health problem. If they believe they are not
susceptible, they are less likely to change their behavior. This is
a key component of the Health Belief Model.
QUESTION 3:
Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?
A) Administering the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine
B) Teaching a patient with diabetes how to perform foot care
C) Performing a mammogram to screen for breast cancer
D) Providing pulmonary rehabilitation for a patient with COPD
pg. 2
, 3
RATIONALE: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection
and prompt treatment of disease to halt progression.
Mammograms are screening tests designed to detect breast
cancer early, before symptoms appear. Vaccination is primary
prevention. Teaching foot care to a diabetic and pulmonary
rehabilitation are examples of tertiary prevention (managing an
existing condition).
QUESTION 4:
A nurse is developing a wellness program for a community
center. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the
following needs must be addressed FIRST before participants
can focus on health promotion?
A) Self-esteem needs
B) Love and belonging needs
C) Safety and security needs
D) Self-actualization needs
RATIONALE: Maslow's hierarchy arranges human needs in a
pyramid, with the most basic physiological and safety needs at
the bottom. Before a person can focus on higher-level needs
like belonging, self-esteem, or self-actualization (which includes
health promotion), their basic physiological and safety needs
(food, shelter, freedom from harm) must be met.
pg. 3
, 4
QUESTION 5:
The clinical model of health defines health as:
A) The ability to fulfill societal roles
B) The absence of signs and symptoms of disease
C) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
D) The realization of one's full potential
RATIONALE: The clinical model is the narrowest definition of
health, equating it solely with the absence of illness or infirmity.
The World Health Organization (WHO) definition (Option C) is
broader, encompassing well-being. The role performance
model (Option A) views health as the ability to perform social
roles. The eudaimonistic model (Option D) views health as
actualization.
QUESTION 6:
Which of the following is a core concept of the Transtheoretical
Model (Stages of Change)?
A) People move linearly through fixed stages and do not relapse
B) People in the precontemplation stage intend to take action
within the next 6 months
C) Interventions should be tailored to the individual's current
stage of readiness to change
D) The model only applies to smoking cessation
RATIONALE: The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) describes
behavior change as a process occurring in stages
pg. 4
