PEDIATRIC HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS

PEDIATRIC HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
TheA2nurseA2isA2preparingA2aA2childA2withA2anA2intussusceptionA2forA2aA2prescribedA2bariu
mA2enema.A2WhatA2isA2theA2mainA2purposeA2ofA2conductingA2thisA2procedureA2priorA2toA2s
urgicalA2intervention?
A2
A.EvacuateA2theA2bowelA2ofA2impactedA2feces.
A2
B.ReduceA2theA2invaginatedA2bowelA2segment.
A2
C.LocateA2theA2presenceA2ofA2diverticula.
A2
D.IdentifyA2theA2areaA2ofA2esophagealA2atresia.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2B

Intussusception,A2anA2invaginationA2orA2telescopingA2ofA2oneA2portionA2ofA2theA2intestineA2
intoA2another,A2causesA2intestinalA2obstructionA2inA2childrenA2(usuallyA2occursA2betweenA2
3A2monthsA2andA25A2yearsA2ofA2age).A2NonsurgicalA2treatmentA2isA2attemptedA2withA2hydr
ostaticA2pressureA2createdA2byA2bariumA2instillation,A2whichA2oftenA2reducesA2theA2areaA2
ofA2bowelA2intussusceptionA2(B),A2therebyA2negatingA2theA2needA2forA2surgicalA2interventi
on.A2AA2bariumA2enemaA2isA2likelyA2toA2causeA2(A).A2AA2bariumA2enemaA2couldA2beA2used
A2toA2detectA2(C),A2butA2thisA2isA2notA2theA2reasonA2forA2itsA2useA2withA2intussusception.A2(
D)A2isA2notA2aA2useA2forA2aA2bariumA2enema.

TheA2nurseA2isA2teachingA2anA2adolescentA2girlA2withA2scoliosisA2aboutA2aA2MilwaukeeA2br
aceA2thatA2herA2healthA2careA2providerA2hasA2prescribed.A2WhichA2instructionA2shouldA2th
eA2nurseA2provideA2toA2thisA2client?

A.RemoveA2theA2braceA21A2hourA2eachA2dayA2forA2bathingA2only.

B.RemoveA2theA2braceA2onlyA2forA2backA2range-of-motionA2exercises.
A2
C.WearA2theA2braceA2againstA2theA2bareA2skinA2toA2ensureA2aA2goodA2fit.
A2
D.WearingA2theA2braceA2willA2cureA2theA2spinalA2curvature.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2A

TheA2MilwaukeeA2braceA2isA2designedA2toA2slowA2theA2progressionA2inA2spinalA2curvatureA
2whileA2theA2adolescentA2isA2growing.A2TheA2braceA2shouldA2beA2wornA223A2hoursA2aA2day
A2andA2removedA2aA2totalA2ofA21A2hourA2aA2dayA2forA2hygieneA2(A).A2ThereA2areA2noA2speci
ficA2exercisesA2forA2increasingA2theA2rangeA2ofA2motionA2inA2theA2backA2thatA2shouldA2beA2
performedA2(B).A2AA2TA2shirtA2shouldA2beA2wornA2nextA2toA2theA2bodyA2andA2theA2braceA2p
utA2onA2overA2theA2TA2shirtA2toA2protectA2theA2skinA2(C).A2TheA2braceA2willA2notA2cureA2theA2
spinalA2curvatureA2(D)A2butA2shouldA2slowA2theA2progressionA2ofA2theA2scoliosis.

TheA2nurseA2shouldA2teachA2theA2parentsA2ofA2aA2childA2withA2aA2cyanoticA2heartA2defectA2
toA2performA2whichA2actionA2whenA2aA2hypercyanoticA2spellA2occurs?

,A.PlaceA2theA2child'sA2headA2flat,A2withA2theA2kneesA2onA2pillowsA2aboveA2theA2levelA2ofA2t
heA2heart.
A2
B.HaveA2theA2childA2lieA2onA2theA2rightA2side,A2withA2theA2headA2elevatedA2onA2oneA2pillow
.
A2
C.AllowA2theA2childA2toA2assumeA2aA2knee-
chestA2position,A2withA2theA2headA2andA2chestA2slightlyA2elevated.
A2
D.EncourageA2theA2childA2toA2sitA2upA2atA2aA245-
degreeA2angle,A2drinkA2coldA2water,A2andA2takeA2deepA2breaths.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2C

AssumingA2aA2knee-
chestA2positionA2withA2theA2headA2andA2chestA2slightlyA2elevatedA2(C)A2willA2helpA2restoreA
2hemodynamicA2equilibrium.A2(AA2andA2B)A2areA2incorrectA2positionsA2andA2mayA2hinderA2
theA2child'sA2condition.A2(D)A2mayA2causeA2chestA2painA2orA2aA2vasovagalA2response,A2wit
hA2resultingA2hypotension.

DuringA2routineA2screeningA2atA2aA2schoolA2clinic,A2anA2otoscopeA2examinationA2ofA2aA2chi
ld'sA2earA2revealsA2aA2tympanicA2membraneA2thatA2isA2pearlyA2gray,A2slightlyA2bulging,A2a
ndA2notA2movable.A2BasedA2onA2theseA2findings,A2whatA2actionA2shouldA2theA2nurseA2take
?

A.NoA2actionA2isA2required,A2becauseA2thisA2isA2anA2expectedA2findingA2forA2aA2school-
agedA2child.
A2
B.AskA2ifA2theA2childA2hasA2hadA2aA2cold,A2runnyA2nose,A2orA2anyA2earA2painA2lately.
A2
C.SendA2aA2noteA2homeA2advisingA2parentsA2toA2haveA2theA2childA2evaluatedA2byA2aA2heal
thA2careA2provider.
A2
D.CallA2theA2parentsA2andA2haveA2themA2takeA2theA2childA2homeA2fromA2schoolA2forA2theA2
restA2ofA2theA2day.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2B

MoreA2informationA2isA2neededA2toA2interpretA2theseA2findingsA2(B).A2TheA2tympanicA2me
mbraneA2isA2normallyA2pearlyA2gray,A2notA2bulging,A2andA2movesA2whenA2aA2clientA2blows
A2againstA2resistanceA2orA2whenA2aA2smallA2puffA2ofA2airA2isA2blownA2intoA2theA2earA2canal.
A2BecauseA2theseA2findingsA2areA2notA2completelyA2normal,A2furtherA2assessmentA2ofA2his
toryA2andA2relatedA2signsA2andA2symptomsA2areA2neededA2toA2interpretA2theA2findingsA2ac
curately.A2BasedA2onA2theA2dataA2obtainedA2fromA2theA2otoscopeA2examination,A2(A,A2C,A2
andA2D)A2areA2notA2indicated.

AA2newbornA2femaleA2whoseA2motherA2isA2HIV-
positiveA2isA2scheduledA2forA2theA2firstA2follow-
upA2assessmentA2withA2theA2nurse.A2IfA2theA2childA2isA2HIV-
positive,A2whichA2initialA2symptomA2isA2sheA2mostA2likelyA2toA2exhibit?

A.ShortnessA2ofA2breath
A2

, B.JointA2pain
A2
C.PersistentA2cold
A2
D.OrganomegalyA2-A2Ans--ANS:A2C

RespiratoryA2tractA2infectionsA2commonlyA2occurA2inA2theA2pediatricA2population,A2butA2th
eA2childA2withA2AIDSA2hasA2aA2decreasedA2abilityA2toA2defendA2theA2bodyA2againstA2theseA
2commonA2infections.A2Thus,A2theA2mostA2typicalA2presentingA2symptomA2ofA2aA2childA2wh
oA2contractedA2AIDSA2throughA2verticalA2transmissionA2(i.e.,A2fromA2theA2motherA2duringA2
delivery)A2isA2aA2persistentA2coldA2orA2respiratoryA2infectionA2(C).A2(A,A2B,A2andA2D)A2areA2
symptomsA2ofA2AIDSA2complicationsA2thatA2mayA2occurA2laterA2asA2theA2diseaseA2progres
ses.

AA2childA2breaksA2outA2withA2varicellaA2infectionA2(chickenpox)A2whileA2hospitalizedA2forA2
aA2minorA2surgicalA2procedure.A2WhichA2interventionA2shouldA2theA2nurseA2implementA2fir
st?

A.PlaceA2aA2maskA2onA2theA2childA2beforeA2transportingA2theA2childA2outsideA2theA2room.
A2
B.ImmunizeA2exposedA2familyA2membersA2withA2theA2varicellaA2vaccine.

C.PlaceA2theA2childA2inA2strictA2isolationA2toA2preventA2anA2outbreakA2onA2theA2unit.
A2
D.DetermineA2whichA2staffA2haveA2hadA2varicellaA2beforeA2makingA2assignments.A2-
A2Ans--ANS:A2C


TheA2periodA2ofA2communicabilityA2ofA2varicellaA2isA22A2daysA2beforeA2theA2rashA2appears
A2untilA2allA2lesionsA2areA2crusted;A2varicellaA2isA2spreadA2byA2directA2orA2indirectA2contactA
2ofA2salivaA2orA2vesicles.A2StrictA2isolationA2(C)A2isA2indicatedA2toA2preventA2furtherA2expos
ureA2toA2staffA2andA2others.A2StaffA2whoA2haveA2hadA2varicellaA2orA2theA2vaccineA2areA2not
A2susceptibleA2toA2contractingA2orA2spreadingA2theA2virusA2andA2shouldA2beA2theA2onlyA2pe
rsonnelA2assignedA2toA2careA2forA2thisA2clientA2(D).A2(A)A2isA2notA2sufficientA2toA2preventA2e
xposureA2toA2others.A2(B)A2mustA2beA2doneA2priorA2toA2exposure.

WhenA2insertingA2aA2nasogastricA2tubeA2intoA2theA2stomachA2ofA2aA23-month-
oldA2infant,A2whichA2nursingA2interventionA2isA2mostA2importantA2toA2implement?

A.UseA2aA2blanketA2asA2aA2mummyA2restraint.
A2
B.MonitorA2theA2infant'sA2heartA2rate.
A2
C.LubricateA2theA2catheterA2withA2saline.
A2
D.ExplainA2theA2procedureA2toA2theA2parents.A2-A2Ans--ANS:A2B

WhenA2insertingA2aA2nasogastricA2tubeA2intoA2theA2stomachA2ofA2aA23-month-
oldA2infant,A2whichA2nursingA2interventionA2isA2mostA2importantA2toA2implement?
Rationale: