Comprehensive Digestive System: Anatomy, Physiology, and Regulation
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnnbdo
1. What is mastication? The process of chewing food in the mouth.
2. What is deglutition? The act of swallowing food, occurring in the oropharynx.
3. What are the main func- Cleaning oral surfaces, moistening food, maintaining pH near 7.0,
tions of saliva? controlling bacteria, dissolving chemicals for taste, and initiating car-
bohydrate digestion.
4. What are the four basic Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa.
layers of the alimentary
canal wall?
5. What is the role of the Regulates secretion and blood flow in the submucosa.
submucosal plexus?
6. What is the muscularis ex- Two layers of smooth muscle: an inner circular layer and an outer
terna composed of? longitudinal layer.
7. What is the serosa? The outer layer covering organs in the peritoneal cavity, composed of
simple squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue.
8. What are gastric pits? Shallow depressions in the stomach that open onto the gastric surface.
9. What do parietal cells se- Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
crete?
1/9
, Comprehensive Digestive System: Anatomy, Physiology, and Regulation
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnnbdo
10. What is the function of They secrete pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin for protein
chief cells in the stomach? digestion.
11. What stimulates the se- G cells in the stomach produce gastrin, which stimulates secretion by
cretion of gastrin? parietal and chief cells.
12. What are the three phas- Cephalic phase, gastric phase, and intestinal phase.
es of gastric control?
13. What is the role of car- It converts CO2 and H2O to carbonic acid, generating hydrogen ions
bonic anhydrase in pari- for HCl secretion.
etal cells?
14. What is the pH level in The pH approaches 2.0, allowing for protein digestion by pepsin.
the stomach during di-
gestion?
15. What triggers the gastric Neural responses to stomach distension and elevated pH.
phase of digestion?
16. What is the enteroen- They produce gastrin, which stimulates gastric activity.
docrine function of G
cells?
17. Neural and hormonal responses inhibit gastric activity when chyme
enters the duodenum.
2/9
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnnbdo
1. What is mastication? The process of chewing food in the mouth.
2. What is deglutition? The act of swallowing food, occurring in the oropharynx.
3. What are the main func- Cleaning oral surfaces, moistening food, maintaining pH near 7.0,
tions of saliva? controlling bacteria, dissolving chemicals for taste, and initiating car-
bohydrate digestion.
4. What are the four basic Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa.
layers of the alimentary
canal wall?
5. What is the role of the Regulates secretion and blood flow in the submucosa.
submucosal plexus?
6. What is the muscularis ex- Two layers of smooth muscle: an inner circular layer and an outer
terna composed of? longitudinal layer.
7. What is the serosa? The outer layer covering organs in the peritoneal cavity, composed of
simple squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue.
8. What are gastric pits? Shallow depressions in the stomach that open onto the gastric surface.
9. What do parietal cells se- Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
crete?
1/9
, Comprehensive Digestive System: Anatomy, Physiology, and Regulation
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jnnbdo
10. What is the function of They secrete pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin for protein
chief cells in the stomach? digestion.
11. What stimulates the se- G cells in the stomach produce gastrin, which stimulates secretion by
cretion of gastrin? parietal and chief cells.
12. What are the three phas- Cephalic phase, gastric phase, and intestinal phase.
es of gastric control?
13. What is the role of car- It converts CO2 and H2O to carbonic acid, generating hydrogen ions
bonic anhydrase in pari- for HCl secretion.
etal cells?
14. What is the pH level in The pH approaches 2.0, allowing for protein digestion by pepsin.
the stomach during di-
gestion?
15. What triggers the gastric Neural responses to stomach distension and elevated pH.
phase of digestion?
16. What is the enteroen- They produce gastrin, which stimulates gastric activity.
docrine function of G
cells?
17. Neural and hormonal responses inhibit gastric activity when chyme
enters the duodenum.
2/9
