TESTBANK COMPLETE NR 507
COMPREHENSIVE ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What does the release of aldosterone promote in the kidneys?
Produces sodium reabsorption & potassium excretion in the kidneys
Is TSH production increased or decreased in hypothyroidism?
Increased
What are two distinguishing factors of Grave's disease?
Pretibial myxedema & exophthalmos
Hyperthyroid vs. Hypothyroid
Hyper - Elevated thyroid hormone, decreased TSH, enlarged liver, hand
tremors
Hypo - Decreased thyroid hormone, elevated TSH, fatigue & diminished DTRs
,What affects an individual's response to insulin?
Weight, height, activity level & abdominal fat
Type I DM
Usually those from 10-20 years old, associated with DKA, symptoms of
polyuria, polyphagia & polydipsia
Type II DM
Usually over 40 years old, associated with HHS & symptoms of weakness,
weight loss & infections
What do alpha cells do
Secrete glucagon
What do beta cells do
Secrete insulin & amylin, inhibits glucagon secretion
What do delta cells do
Secrete gastrin & somatostatin
What do F (PP) cells do
, Secrete pancreatic polypeptide that stimulates gastric secretions &
antagonizes cholecystokinin
What is metabolic syndrome characterized by?
Hyperlipidemia, obesity & HTN
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Caused by over secretion of parathyroid hormone, hyper function of PTH cells
due to adenoma
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Stimulation of PTH in response to hypocalcemia, caused by Vitamin D
deficiency
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Long-term stimulation of PTH leads to hyperplasia, caused by chronic renal
failure
Hypocalcemia in relation to PTH & Phosphorus
Low Calcium = Low PTH = High Phosphorous
S&S of Hypocalcemia
COMPREHENSIVE ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What does the release of aldosterone promote in the kidneys?
Produces sodium reabsorption & potassium excretion in the kidneys
Is TSH production increased or decreased in hypothyroidism?
Increased
What are two distinguishing factors of Grave's disease?
Pretibial myxedema & exophthalmos
Hyperthyroid vs. Hypothyroid
Hyper - Elevated thyroid hormone, decreased TSH, enlarged liver, hand
tremors
Hypo - Decreased thyroid hormone, elevated TSH, fatigue & diminished DTRs
,What affects an individual's response to insulin?
Weight, height, activity level & abdominal fat
Type I DM
Usually those from 10-20 years old, associated with DKA, symptoms of
polyuria, polyphagia & polydipsia
Type II DM
Usually over 40 years old, associated with HHS & symptoms of weakness,
weight loss & infections
What do alpha cells do
Secrete glucagon
What do beta cells do
Secrete insulin & amylin, inhibits glucagon secretion
What do delta cells do
Secrete gastrin & somatostatin
What do F (PP) cells do
, Secrete pancreatic polypeptide that stimulates gastric secretions &
antagonizes cholecystokinin
What is metabolic syndrome characterized by?
Hyperlipidemia, obesity & HTN
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Caused by over secretion of parathyroid hormone, hyper function of PTH cells
due to adenoma
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Stimulation of PTH in response to hypocalcemia, caused by Vitamin D
deficiency
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Long-term stimulation of PTH leads to hyperplasia, caused by chronic renal
failure
Hypocalcemia in relation to PTH & Phosphorus
Low Calcium = Low PTH = High Phosphorous
S&S of Hypocalcemia
