Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review
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"Cold sores," "chancres" - ANSWER-HSV-1 S/S
"Genital herpes" Mostly genital, anal, and perianal - ANSWER-HSV-2
Pathogenesis
"Hidden testes": testes incompletely descended, external to the canal
or located in a position other than scrotum - ANSWER-Cryptorchidism
Pathogenesis
"Salt-retaining hormone". Steroid that promotes the retention of Na+
by the kidneys. Na+ retention promotes water retention, which
promotes a higher blood volume and pressure - ANSWER-.
Aldosterone
,(Accelerated hyperthyroidism) Form of life-threatening thyrotoxicosis
that occurs when excessive amounts of thyroid hormones are acutely
released into circulation Increased temperature
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Extreme restlessness - ANSWER-Thyroid Storm
A break or ulceration in the protective mucosa lining of the lower
esophagus (LES), stomach, or duodenum. - ANSWER-Peptic Ulcer
Disease
Absence of menstruation - ANSWER-Amenorrhea
Absolute insulin deficiency - ANSWER-Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Acute inflammation and necrosis of the large intestine, usually
affecting the mucosa, but sometimes extending to other areas. -
ANSWER-Antibiotic-Associated Colitis (Pseudomembranous
Enterocolitis)
Acute onset of frequency, urgency, and dysuria; pain may be present
in the suprapubic area. The urine may appear pink because of
hematuria or cloudy as a result of the infectious organism. - ANSWER-
Cystitis S/S
Adhesions, hernia, tumors, impacted feces, volvulus (twisting), or
intussusception (telescoping). - ANSWER-Mechanical Obstruction
Pathogenesis
Aging
Chronic straining
, Coughing
Obesity
Pregnancy
Ascites (accumulation of protein-containing fluid within the abdomen)
- ANSWER-Causes of Hiatal Hernia
Associated with infection above the waist (oral, lips, eyes, epidermis).
Often affects children <5 years. - ANSWER-.HSV-1 Pathogenesis
Bladder becomes so full that it leaks urine, or "overflows" Causes:
obstruction of the urethra; underactive/inactive detrusor muscle -
ANSWER-Overflow Incontinence
Bleeding between menstrual periods - ANSWER-Metrorrhagia
Bleeding from endometrium during ovulation
Uterine malignancy
Cervical erosions
Endometrial polyps
Estrogen therapy - ANSWER-Metrorrhagia Causes
Broad classification of voiding dysfunction in which the specific cause
is a pathology that produces a disruption of nervous communication
governing micturition. - ANSWER-Neurogenic Bladder
Burning pain on empty stomach
Eating relieves pain
Life-threatening complications, such as GI bleeding, may occur with no
warning. - ANSWER-S/S of Peptic Ulcer Disease