Pharmacology &
Medication
Administration
Examination
2026/2027
---
**Question 1**
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication that is a high-alert medication. Which action is most
important for the nurse to take?
,A. Administer the medication without a second check
B. Use a second nurse to verify the medication dose
C. Administer the medication via the oral route only
D. Document the medication administration after the shift
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: High-alert medications require an independent double-check by two licensed
nurses to verify the medication, dose, route, and client before administration. This is a critical patient
safety measure to prevent medication errors.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Use a second nurse to verify the medication dose
---
**Question 2**
A client is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) for heart failure. The nurse should assess the client for which
early sign of digoxin toxicity?
A. Visual disturbances
B. Anorexia and nausea
C. Bradycardia
D. Confusion
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are among the earliest signs of digoxin toxicity.
Visual disturbances (yellow-green halos), bradycardia, and confusion can occur but typically develop
later. Recognizing early signs allows for prompt intervention.
,💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Anorexia and nausea
---
**Question 3**
The nurse is providing education to a client prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which instruction is most
important?
A. "Avoid eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables."
B. "Take ibuprofen for pain instead of acetaminophen."
C. "You can stop taking this medication if you feel well."
D. "You will not need to have your blood tested if you feel well."
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist. Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K
and can interfere with the medication's effectiveness. The client should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K. Ibuprofen should be avoided due to the risk of bleeding. Regular INR monitoring is essential.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. "Avoid eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables."
---
**Question 4**
The nurse is administering an IV push medication. Which action is correct?
, A. Administer the medication over 1-2 minutes
B. Flush the IV line with normal saline before and after administration
C. Administer the medication through a port closest to the client
D. Use a 25-gauge needle for administration
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: When administering an IV push medication, the IV line should be flushed with
normal saline before and after administration to ensure the medication is fully delivered and to prevent
incompatibility reactions. The rate of administration depends on the medication.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Flush the IV line with normal saline before and after administration
---
**Question 5**
The nurse is providing education to a client prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which instruction should the
nurse include?
A. "Take this medication at bedtime to prevent nocturia."
B. "Monitor for signs of hypokalemia such as muscle weakness."
C. "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods."
D. "Both B and C"
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. The client should
monitor for signs of hypokalemia (muscle weakness, fatigue) and increase intake of potassium-rich
foods (bananas, oranges, potatoes). It should be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia.
Medication
Administration
Examination
2026/2027
---
**Question 1**
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication that is a high-alert medication. Which action is most
important for the nurse to take?
,A. Administer the medication without a second check
B. Use a second nurse to verify the medication dose
C. Administer the medication via the oral route only
D. Document the medication administration after the shift
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: High-alert medications require an independent double-check by two licensed
nurses to verify the medication, dose, route, and client before administration. This is a critical patient
safety measure to prevent medication errors.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Use a second nurse to verify the medication dose
---
**Question 2**
A client is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) for heart failure. The nurse should assess the client for which
early sign of digoxin toxicity?
A. Visual disturbances
B. Anorexia and nausea
C. Bradycardia
D. Confusion
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are among the earliest signs of digoxin toxicity.
Visual disturbances (yellow-green halos), bradycardia, and confusion can occur but typically develop
later. Recognizing early signs allows for prompt intervention.
,💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Anorexia and nausea
---
**Question 3**
The nurse is providing education to a client prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which instruction is most
important?
A. "Avoid eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables."
B. "Take ibuprofen for pain instead of acetaminophen."
C. "You can stop taking this medication if you feel well."
D. "You will not need to have your blood tested if you feel well."
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist. Leafy green vegetables are high in vitamin K
and can interfere with the medication's effectiveness. The client should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K. Ibuprofen should be avoided due to the risk of bleeding. Regular INR monitoring is essential.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. "Avoid eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables."
---
**Question 4**
The nurse is administering an IV push medication. Which action is correct?
, A. Administer the medication over 1-2 minutes
B. Flush the IV line with normal saline before and after administration
C. Administer the medication through a port closest to the client
D. Use a 25-gauge needle for administration
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: When administering an IV push medication, the IV line should be flushed with
normal saline before and after administration to ensure the medication is fully delivered and to prevent
incompatibility reactions. The rate of administration depends on the medication.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Flush the IV line with normal saline before and after administration
---
**Question 5**
The nurse is providing education to a client prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which instruction should the
nurse include?
A. "Take this medication at bedtime to prevent nocturia."
B. "Monitor for signs of hypokalemia such as muscle weakness."
C. "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods."
D. "Both B and C"
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. The client should
monitor for signs of hypokalemia (muscle weakness, fatigue) and increase intake of potassium-rich
foods (bananas, oranges, potatoes). It should be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia.
