NSG 527 final and midterm Exam (Latest Update
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Terms in this set (68)
Existential Psychotherapy "A phenomenological-personal psychotherapy with
the aim of enabling a person to experience his or
her life freely at the spiritual and emotional levels,
to arrive at authentic decisions and to come to a
responsible way of dealing with himself or herself
and the world around them."
· Key themes and principles of ◦ Choice- free to choose
existential therapy ◦ Freedom- free to shape their destiny
◦ Responsibility- responsible for their own actions
or inactions
◦ Awareness- through self-awareness, people can
choose their actions and create their own destiny
◦ Aloneness- part of the human condition that
people enter and depart the world alone
◦ Meaning- part of the human condition is the
struggle for a sense of meaning
◦ Anxiety- is a condition of living and is inevitable
◦ Death- the fear of death must be faced before
one can truly live
Founders of existential therapy ◦ Leading figures include Frankl, May and Yalom
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The existential therapist and the The function of the existential therapist is to
subjective world understand the client's subjective world
Anxiety in existential therapy The goals of existential psychotherapy center on
the given themes of existence and help people
face the anxieties of life, freely choose their life
direction, take responsibility for their choices, and
create a meaningful existence.
Guilt in existential therapy ◦ Existential psychotherapy is centered in resolving
life's existential themes.
◦ Dysfunction occurs when existential themes are
unresolved, and people live a meaningless life.
The "Givens" of existence (Yalom) ◦ Freedom and Responsibility
◦ Isolation
◦ Meaninglessness
◦ Death
The three forms of the world- "being ◦ Umwelt - the biological world, environment
in the world" (Dimensions of the ◦ Mitwelt - literally means "with world" is the
World Views) - Existential therapy relationship with others in society and culture
◦ Eigenwelt - "own world" self-awareness and self-
relatedness. It is grasping of what something in the
world personally means to the individual
◦ Überwelt - A person's connection to abstract and
absolute aspects of living - the ideological beliefs
about life, death and existence
Umwelt the biological world, environment
Mitwelt literally means "with world" is the relationship with
others in society and culture
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Eigenwelt "own world" self-awareness and self-relatedness. It
is grasping of what something in the world
personally means to the individual
Überwelt A person's connection to abstract and absolute
aspects of living - the ideological beliefs about life,
death and existence
Existential approach and philosophy ◦ Explores the here and now without looking into
the past and emphasizes a person's responsibility
for their own existence.
◦ The approach is experiential/relational and based
on the philosophical concern with what it means to
be fully human.
◦ Emphasis is based on understanding the human
experience and focuses on the client rather than
the symptom.
Gestalt Therapy Gestalt, a German word meaning organized whole,
recognizes the unity of humans as integrated
wholes, not divided into parts, taken out of context,
or generalized
Key themes and principles of gestalt ◦ The more we work at becoming who or what we
therapy are not, the more we remain the same
◦ Authentic change occurs more from being who
we are, rather than trying to be who we are not
(ex.- focusing on your inherent strengths, instead of
working on weaknesses)
◦ Be here, be now
Founder of gestalt therapy ◦ Founded by Fritz Perls
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