BSN206 Exam 1 Actual Exam Style V1 |
BSN 206 Foundations of Nursing
Fundamentals Exam | Nightingale
Hallmark ISB
1. A nurse is collecting data during an initial interview about a client’s history of respiratory
issues. Which phase of the nursing process is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: The assessment phase is the first step of the nursing process and involves the
systematic collection of patient data. During this phase, the nurse gathers information
through interviews, physical exams, and chart reviews. This data collection is essential to
identify the client’s health needs before moving to the diagnosis phase.
2. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A. Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
B. The client reporting a pain level of 8 out of 10
C. A lung sound described as crackles
,D. The client’s skin appearing pale and diaphoretic
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data consists of information that is perceived and reported by the
patient, such as feelings or pain levels. It cannot be directly measured or observed by the
nurse using the five senses. Objective data, conversely, is measurable information such as
vital signs or physical findings.
3. A nurse ensures that a patient understands the risks and benefits of a procedure before
signing a consent form. Which ethical principle is being upheld?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Fidelity
Answer: A
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. By ensuring the patient is fully informed before giving consent,
the nurse respects the patient’s self-determination. This principle is foundational to
modern medical ethics and legal requirements for treatment.
4. What is the primary purpose of the ‘R’ in the RACE acronym during a fire emergency?
A. Rescue anyone in immediate danger
, B. Run away from the smoke
C. Report the fire to the supervisor
D. Restrict the fire by closing doors
Answer: A
Rationale: The RACE acronym stands for Rescue, Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish or
Evacuate. The first priority in any fire situation is the safety of individuals who are in
immediate danger from the flames or smoke. Only after people are moved to safety should
the nurse pull the alarm and attempt to contain the fire.
5. Which action should the nurse take first when discovering a patient has fallen on the floor?
A. Call the physician immediately
B. Fill out an incident report
C. Assess the patient for injuries
D. Help the patient back into bed
Answer: C
Rationale: Patient safety and assessment are the nurse’s primary responsibilities following
an adverse event. The nurse must check for neurological changes or physical injuries
before moving the patient to prevent further harm. Documentation and notification of the
physician should occur only after the patient is stabilized and assessed.
BSN 206 Foundations of Nursing
Fundamentals Exam | Nightingale
Hallmark ISB
1. A nurse is collecting data during an initial interview about a client’s history of respiratory
issues. Which phase of the nursing process is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: The assessment phase is the first step of the nursing process and involves the
systematic collection of patient data. During this phase, the nurse gathers information
through interviews, physical exams, and chart reviews. This data collection is essential to
identify the client’s health needs before moving to the diagnosis phase.
2. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A. Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
B. The client reporting a pain level of 8 out of 10
C. A lung sound described as crackles
,D. The client’s skin appearing pale and diaphoretic
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data consists of information that is perceived and reported by the
patient, such as feelings or pain levels. It cannot be directly measured or observed by the
nurse using the five senses. Objective data, conversely, is measurable information such as
vital signs or physical findings.
3. A nurse ensures that a patient understands the risks and benefits of a procedure before
signing a consent form. Which ethical principle is being upheld?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Fidelity
Answer: A
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. By ensuring the patient is fully informed before giving consent,
the nurse respects the patient’s self-determination. This principle is foundational to
modern medical ethics and legal requirements for treatment.
4. What is the primary purpose of the ‘R’ in the RACE acronym during a fire emergency?
A. Rescue anyone in immediate danger
, B. Run away from the smoke
C. Report the fire to the supervisor
D. Restrict the fire by closing doors
Answer: A
Rationale: The RACE acronym stands for Rescue, Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish or
Evacuate. The first priority in any fire situation is the safety of individuals who are in
immediate danger from the flames or smoke. Only after people are moved to safety should
the nurse pull the alarm and attempt to contain the fire.
5. Which action should the nurse take first when discovering a patient has fallen on the floor?
A. Call the physician immediately
B. Fill out an incident report
C. Assess the patient for injuries
D. Help the patient back into bed
Answer: C
Rationale: Patient safety and assessment are the nurse’s primary responsibilities following
an adverse event. The nurse must check for neurological changes or physical injuries
before moving the patient to prevent further harm. Documentation and notification of the
physician should occur only after the patient is stabilized and assessed.
