PSY 357- Final Exam || 100% Correct Answers.
Typoglycemia correct answers the idea that the human mind processes words as a whole; Not
true b/c we use top down processing to comprehend lang using context
Experience with English correct answers English language teaches us that only certain combo of
letters can follow or proceed other combos of letters allowing us to easier ID target letters or
words
Positional constraints correct answers prior knowledge of the order of letters in words helps you
fill in the missing information
Word Superiority Effect Hypothesis correct answers context present in the word will facilitate
letter recognition, detect words easier when they are presented as a part of words
Reicher Wheeler Paradigm correct answers participants had the task of ID letter in cued position
when presented in: isolation, words, pseudowords, or random letter strings (nonwords)
reicher wheeler results correct answers faster to identify letters in words/pseudowords, letters in
isolation, & letters in nonwords (slowest)
Proofreading correct answers we use top down processing, when editing you read your paper by
what you want/think you said instead of what you actually said
word v letter presented correct answers Word presented: activates feature, letter, & word
detectors, increasing speed of final recognition v Letter presented: activates feature, & letter
detectors = less activation
Phonological Dyslexia correct answers difficulty reading pseudowords, short-term memory
limits, low phonological awareness, slower rapid naming
, dyslexic experiment results correct answers Dyslexic children & reading age controls show
similar word superiority effects, Dyslexic children have difficulty reading aloud pseudowords
revealing impaired sub-lexical translation
Long term memory correct answers a network of associations: words often co-occur in memory
& are strongly associated, think of one word the other is automatically triggered
Semantic memory correct answers automatic access to word meanings, general word knowledge,
& factual info v episodic memory- personal memories of events
Semantic networks correct answers our knowledge is organized in this way, array of nodes
representing concepts & links that transmit activation btw nodes
Typical effect correct answers typical members of category are responded faster to, less distance
= faster association
Priming effect correct answers reaction times are faster for related than unrelated words, Ex:
faster to "yes" to doctor when nurse is a word
Connectionist model of semantic memory correct answers learning involves strengthening or
weakening of connections by changing connection weights
Latent semantic analysis (LSA) correct answers relations based on how often words occur in the
presence of other words
word associations in latent semantic model correct answers Words associations are based on
cooccurrence or proximity, model is like a road map: charts comparisons
basics of latent semantic model correct answers More important concepts are bigger, & in
stronger connection the lines are thicker, Ex: Alice is big b/c she's a central concept in "Alice in
Wonderland"
Typoglycemia correct answers the idea that the human mind processes words as a whole; Not
true b/c we use top down processing to comprehend lang using context
Experience with English correct answers English language teaches us that only certain combo of
letters can follow or proceed other combos of letters allowing us to easier ID target letters or
words
Positional constraints correct answers prior knowledge of the order of letters in words helps you
fill in the missing information
Word Superiority Effect Hypothesis correct answers context present in the word will facilitate
letter recognition, detect words easier when they are presented as a part of words
Reicher Wheeler Paradigm correct answers participants had the task of ID letter in cued position
when presented in: isolation, words, pseudowords, or random letter strings (nonwords)
reicher wheeler results correct answers faster to identify letters in words/pseudowords, letters in
isolation, & letters in nonwords (slowest)
Proofreading correct answers we use top down processing, when editing you read your paper by
what you want/think you said instead of what you actually said
word v letter presented correct answers Word presented: activates feature, letter, & word
detectors, increasing speed of final recognition v Letter presented: activates feature, & letter
detectors = less activation
Phonological Dyslexia correct answers difficulty reading pseudowords, short-term memory
limits, low phonological awareness, slower rapid naming
, dyslexic experiment results correct answers Dyslexic children & reading age controls show
similar word superiority effects, Dyslexic children have difficulty reading aloud pseudowords
revealing impaired sub-lexical translation
Long term memory correct answers a network of associations: words often co-occur in memory
& are strongly associated, think of one word the other is automatically triggered
Semantic memory correct answers automatic access to word meanings, general word knowledge,
& factual info v episodic memory- personal memories of events
Semantic networks correct answers our knowledge is organized in this way, array of nodes
representing concepts & links that transmit activation btw nodes
Typical effect correct answers typical members of category are responded faster to, less distance
= faster association
Priming effect correct answers reaction times are faster for related than unrelated words, Ex:
faster to "yes" to doctor when nurse is a word
Connectionist model of semantic memory correct answers learning involves strengthening or
weakening of connections by changing connection weights
Latent semantic analysis (LSA) correct answers relations based on how often words occur in the
presence of other words
word associations in latent semantic model correct answers Words associations are based on
cooccurrence or proximity, model is like a road map: charts comparisons
basics of latent semantic model correct answers More important concepts are bigger, & in
stronger connection the lines are thicker, Ex: Alice is big b/c she's a central concept in "Alice in
Wonderland"
