Plant Water Relations, Photosynthesis, and
Reproduction: Key Concepts for Biology
Students Exam Questions and Answers with
Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Why do plants need water? To perform photosynthesis, maintain their
tissues,
cool their leaves through transpiration,
transport
nutrients, and support growth.
How does water move through Through osmosis and vascular tissues due
plant to
cells? differences in water potentials.
What is osmosis? The diffusion of water through
semipermeable
membranes from a region of higher
concentration
to a region of lower concentration.
What happens to plant cells in a Water molecules move into the cells,
hypotonic solution? making them
turgid.
What happens to plant cells in a Water molecules move out of the cells,
hypertonic solution? causing
them to become plasmolyzed.
, What is transpiration? The loss of water vapor from the leaf to the
atmosphere, driving water movement
through
xylem from soils to leaves.
What role do guard cells play in They regulate the opening and closing of
transpiration? stomata
to control water loss and gas exchange.
What is the primary function of ATP serves as an energy packet that
ATP provides
in metabolic reactions? energy for various biochemical processes.
What is the role of enzymes in Enzymes lower the activation energy and
metabolic reactions? speed up
the reactions.
What are the light reactions of They occur in the thylakoid membranes,
photosynthesis? producing
ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen
as a by-
product.
What is the Calvin Cycle? The process that occurs in the stroma to
synthesize
glucose from CO2 using ATP and NADPH.
What is Rubisco? An enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of
CO2 to
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during
the Calvin
Cycle.
Reproduction: Key Concepts for Biology
Students Exam Questions and Answers with
Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Why do plants need water? To perform photosynthesis, maintain their
tissues,
cool their leaves through transpiration,
transport
nutrients, and support growth.
How does water move through Through osmosis and vascular tissues due
plant to
cells? differences in water potentials.
What is osmosis? The diffusion of water through
semipermeable
membranes from a region of higher
concentration
to a region of lower concentration.
What happens to plant cells in a Water molecules move into the cells,
hypotonic solution? making them
turgid.
What happens to plant cells in a Water molecules move out of the cells,
hypertonic solution? causing
them to become plasmolyzed.
, What is transpiration? The loss of water vapor from the leaf to the
atmosphere, driving water movement
through
xylem from soils to leaves.
What role do guard cells play in They regulate the opening and closing of
transpiration? stomata
to control water loss and gas exchange.
What is the primary function of ATP serves as an energy packet that
ATP provides
in metabolic reactions? energy for various biochemical processes.
What is the role of enzymes in Enzymes lower the activation energy and
metabolic reactions? speed up
the reactions.
What are the light reactions of They occur in the thylakoid membranes,
photosynthesis? producing
ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen
as a by-
product.
What is the Calvin Cycle? The process that occurs in the stroma to
synthesize
glucose from CO2 using ATP and NADPH.
What is Rubisco? An enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of
CO2 to
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during
the Calvin
Cycle.
