ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1 NEWEST
UPDATED VERSION ,LATEST EXAM | FREQUENTLY MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY ANSWERED |
HIGH YIELD QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+,
UPDATED AND RATIONALIZED | BRAND NEW VERSION!!!!
Anatomy
Correct Answer:
study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which means to
cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organims studying
the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual organs
Physiology
Correct Answer:
the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how organs and
body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how their
functions are altered with medication or disease
Branches of anatomy
Correct Answer:
microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,;
macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the
body as a complete unit)
Embryology
Correct Answer:
,discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from conception to
birth
Comparative A&P
Correct Answer:
examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physiology of different
species
Pathophysiology
Correct Answer:
relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to
that organ system
Basic qualities of life
Correct Answer:
organization- each organism has a complex structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken
down to smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its
environment and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of
environmental changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a
consistent internal environment
organization of the human body
Correct Answer:
chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical
level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together
for specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and
acheive a common function
anterior
,Correct Answer:
in front of
posterior
Correct Answer:
in back of
dorsal
Correct Answer:
on the backside of the human body
ventral
Correct Answer:
on the belly side of the human body
superior
Correct Answer:
closer to the head
inferior
Correct Answer:
closer to the feet
deep
Correct Answer:
on the inside
superficial
Correct Answer:
on the outside
homeostasis
Correct Answer:
refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment
or "steady state"; for example if the body gets hot due to external temperature,
, the body maintains a steady state by circulating more blood toward the surface
to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood pressure when you get
out of bed in the morning
receptor- detects changes in variable; either substance or process stimulus
control center - interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through
the effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels
effector- structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in
the lungs that bring air flow
positive feedback
Correct Answer:
set point-- what is normal
action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby: suckling
causes receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast
tissue to produce milk
negative feedback
Correct Answer:
detecting a change and then initiating the opposite response to return to the set
point (if it's hot, bringing heat to the surface of the skin so the body loses heat, if
cold withdrawing blood to vessels, skeletal muscles shiver, no sweat, withdraw
foot when stepping on glass)
atoms
Correct Answer:
protons (+1 charge), nuetrons, and electrons (very little weight)
atomic number is based on protons
amu is based on protons and nuetrons
Types of chemical bonds
Correct Answer:
ionic bond- bond that transfers electrons, stronger; form salts
covalent bond- bond that shares electrons, weaker, can be single, double, triple;
form molecular compounds
major elements of the human body
Correct Answer:
UPDATED VERSION ,LATEST EXAM | FREQUENTLY MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY ANSWERED |
HIGH YIELD QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+,
UPDATED AND RATIONALIZED | BRAND NEW VERSION!!!!
Anatomy
Correct Answer:
study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome which means to
cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of organims studying
the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of individual organs
Physiology
Correct Answer:
the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how organs and
body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how their
functions are altered with medication or disease
Branches of anatomy
Correct Answer:
microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,;
macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the
body as a complete unit)
Embryology
Correct Answer:
,discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from conception to
birth
Comparative A&P
Correct Answer:
examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physiology of different
species
Pathophysiology
Correct Answer:
relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to
that organ system
Basic qualities of life
Correct Answer:
organization- each organism has a complex structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken
down to smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its
environment and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of
environmental changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a
consistent internal environment
organization of the human body
Correct Answer:
chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical
level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together
for specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and
acheive a common function
anterior
,Correct Answer:
in front of
posterior
Correct Answer:
in back of
dorsal
Correct Answer:
on the backside of the human body
ventral
Correct Answer:
on the belly side of the human body
superior
Correct Answer:
closer to the head
inferior
Correct Answer:
closer to the feet
deep
Correct Answer:
on the inside
superficial
Correct Answer:
on the outside
homeostasis
Correct Answer:
refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment
or "steady state"; for example if the body gets hot due to external temperature,
, the body maintains a steady state by circulating more blood toward the surface
to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood pressure when you get
out of bed in the morning
receptor- detects changes in variable; either substance or process stimulus
control center - interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through
the effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels
effector- structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in
the lungs that bring air flow
positive feedback
Correct Answer:
set point-- what is normal
action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby: suckling
causes receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast
tissue to produce milk
negative feedback
Correct Answer:
detecting a change and then initiating the opposite response to return to the set
point (if it's hot, bringing heat to the surface of the skin so the body loses heat, if
cold withdrawing blood to vessels, skeletal muscles shiver, no sweat, withdraw
foot when stepping on glass)
atoms
Correct Answer:
protons (+1 charge), nuetrons, and electrons (very little weight)
atomic number is based on protons
amu is based on protons and nuetrons
Types of chemical bonds
Correct Answer:
ionic bond- bond that transfers electrons, stronger; form salts
covalent bond- bond that shares electrons, weaker, can be single, double, triple;
form molecular compounds
major elements of the human body
Correct Answer:
