STAHL ESSENTIALS
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY COMPLETE
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ ionotropic interaction. Answer: lock and key model
ligand binds a receptor ion channel combination - change in
conformation of channel - open ion channel - change conductance of ion
- change Vm of cell
⩥ metabotropic interaction. Answer: most receptors have acceptor site
which sets off cascade of tertiary structural changes - proteins have
conformational changes
results in release of secondary messengers which regulate ion
conductance
⩥ agonist. Answer: activates a receptor
can be excitatory or inhibitory
⩥ antagonist. Answer: blocks receptor
⩥ dose response curves. Answer: describe amount of biological or
behavioral effect for a given drug concentration
, low dose = few receptors occupied
large dose = more response
always an S curve
⩥ ED 50. Answer: 50% effective dose
1/2 maximal effect
⩥ TD 50. Answer: 50% Toxic dose
50% of patients experience a toxic effect
⩥ margin of safety. Answer: in between ED 50 and TD 50
⩥ Therapeutic index. Answer: calculates margin of drug safety
⩥ therapeutic range. Answer: gives working range of plasma levels
⩥ direct acting agonists. Answer: affinity and efficacy at NT receptor
sites
binds to receptors and mimics NT action
⩥ indirect acting agonists. Answer: enhanves action of NT at receptor
but in an indirect fashion
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY COMPLETE
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ ionotropic interaction. Answer: lock and key model
ligand binds a receptor ion channel combination - change in
conformation of channel - open ion channel - change conductance of ion
- change Vm of cell
⩥ metabotropic interaction. Answer: most receptors have acceptor site
which sets off cascade of tertiary structural changes - proteins have
conformational changes
results in release of secondary messengers which regulate ion
conductance
⩥ agonist. Answer: activates a receptor
can be excitatory or inhibitory
⩥ antagonist. Answer: blocks receptor
⩥ dose response curves. Answer: describe amount of biological or
behavioral effect for a given drug concentration
, low dose = few receptors occupied
large dose = more response
always an S curve
⩥ ED 50. Answer: 50% effective dose
1/2 maximal effect
⩥ TD 50. Answer: 50% Toxic dose
50% of patients experience a toxic effect
⩥ margin of safety. Answer: in between ED 50 and TD 50
⩥ Therapeutic index. Answer: calculates margin of drug safety
⩥ therapeutic range. Answer: gives working range of plasma levels
⩥ direct acting agonists. Answer: affinity and efficacy at NT receptor
sites
binds to receptors and mimics NT action
⩥ indirect acting agonists. Answer: enhanves action of NT at receptor
but in an indirect fashion
