O&M Domain 7 Mobility Skills (Part 1) || with Error-free Answers.
Where should an instructor be positioned during stair travel? correct answers positioned "slightly
below and to the side of the learner to fully view the technique and to provide stability to the
learner in the event of a misstep"
COMS position for Ascending stairs correct answers behind traveler within arms reach when ___
so to catch fall if needed.
COMS positioning for Descending Stairs correct answers in front of traveler by 2-3 steps
depending on traveler's balance always within arms reach to catch fall if needed.
Where should an instructor be positioned during escalator travel? correct answers "close to
learners to ensure that they are not separated when stepping onto a crowded ____." stay behind
traveler within arm's reach and step on ____ with traveler both ascending and descending.
What is the relevance of kinesiology on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers ___
provides the structure for categorizing, analyzing, understanding, and communicating about
sensorimotor skills...On a physical level, movement is the interdependent action of the body's
skeletal, muscular, and neurological systems.
Children who are visually impaired sometimes have difficulty with the prone position,
frequently skip all fours-crawling stages, and often don't walk until 18-24 months. A delay in
development may reduce opportunities for self-initiated exploration and movement in the
environment for children who are visually impaired.
What is the relevance of proprioception on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers ___
sensory receptors are located in the muscles, tendons, and joints of the body; they provide an
awareness of static body position at any given moment and the relationship of body parts to one
another." In other words, ___ is the body's ability to sense where we are in relationship to our
surroundings. It is the sense that allows us to touch our nose with our eyes shut or know that our
elbow is bent or straight. ___also helps coordinate movement.
• ____ awareness often develops poorly in students with congenital visual impairment, especially
those with no functional vision and/or low muscle tone.
,• The lack of visual incentive to play with hands, knees, feet, and objects in the environment may
contribute to less movement and missed opportunities for proprioceptive input.
• Fewer opportunities for physical activities also contribute to limited proprioceptive
development.
Motor output could be affected based on a delay in the development of this sensory system,
including
• Balance- equalibrium
• Gait: a person's pattern of walking.
• Posture: the vertical alignment of body parts over the body's center of gravity.
• Coordination: the ability to use different parts of the body and muscles together smoothly and
efficiently for purposeful movement.
What is the relevance of muscle tone on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers Many
children who are congenitally blind have low ___. This is often related to a lack of a stable
postural foundation from which to perform motor skills. This can affect gait development,
posture, balance, and straight line travel.
Proprioceptive awareness often develops poorly in students with congenital visual impairment,
especially those with no functional vision and/or low ___. This is problematic as proprioceptive
awareness provides a foundation for the development of body awareness and contributes to
laterality, directionality, and spatial awareness (Rosen, 2010a).
Kinesiology correct answers the study of movement,
Muscle tone correct answers can be viewed as a motoric "readiness for movement."
hypotonia correct answers low muscle tone
Key principles of sensorimotor development and functioning. correct answers predictability
sequencing
, active movement
quality of movement
timing of movement
Predictability correct answers involves two levels - personal and environmental. At the personal
level, vision allows a person to prepare for changes in sensory or motor input. So for individuals
who are visually impaired, it may be helpful to let them know what you are going to do and what
is going to happen first. At the environmental level, some people who are visually impaired may
hesitate to move within the environment due to fear of the unknown and an inability to monitor
changes in the environment. For students with a visual impairment, we can allow time to
familiarize to new spaces and teach safe mobility skills to minimize the fear of movement.
Sequencing correct answers Motor development is ___, and visual impairment may affect the
development of most motor skills, including those associated with successful travel - posture,
gait, and balance. So it is important to consider what functional skills the students need and what
prerequisite abilities they must have, and then choose activities that facilitate normal muscle
tone, sensory development, the integration of primitive reflexes, and the fine tuning of
equilibrium.
active movement correct answers Purposeful, self-initiated movement, not passive movement, is
essential for developing motor skills. Only through ___ can people develop muscle tone,
proprioceptive awareness, and coordination. This can be promoted by teaching young children to
use a cane or an adaptive mobility device.
quality of movement correct answers ___ cannot always be ignored in a rush for function
because the acquisition of higher-level motor skills relies heavily on the development of lower-
level skills and abilities. It is important to weigh immediate need against the long-term benefit of
emphasizing ____.
timing of movement correct answers Specific skills are learned best during their "critical
periods," when the appropriate sensory and motor inputs are coming together. Thus it is
important to emphasize age-appropriate sensorimotor functioning throughout O&M instruction.
Where should an instructor be positioned during stair travel? correct answers positioned "slightly
below and to the side of the learner to fully view the technique and to provide stability to the
learner in the event of a misstep"
COMS position for Ascending stairs correct answers behind traveler within arms reach when ___
so to catch fall if needed.
COMS positioning for Descending Stairs correct answers in front of traveler by 2-3 steps
depending on traveler's balance always within arms reach to catch fall if needed.
Where should an instructor be positioned during escalator travel? correct answers "close to
learners to ensure that they are not separated when stepping onto a crowded ____." stay behind
traveler within arm's reach and step on ____ with traveler both ascending and descending.
What is the relevance of kinesiology on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers ___
provides the structure for categorizing, analyzing, understanding, and communicating about
sensorimotor skills...On a physical level, movement is the interdependent action of the body's
skeletal, muscular, and neurological systems.
Children who are visually impaired sometimes have difficulty with the prone position,
frequently skip all fours-crawling stages, and often don't walk until 18-24 months. A delay in
development may reduce opportunities for self-initiated exploration and movement in the
environment for children who are visually impaired.
What is the relevance of proprioception on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers ___
sensory receptors are located in the muscles, tendons, and joints of the body; they provide an
awareness of static body position at any given moment and the relationship of body parts to one
another." In other words, ___ is the body's ability to sense where we are in relationship to our
surroundings. It is the sense that allows us to touch our nose with our eyes shut or know that our
elbow is bent or straight. ___also helps coordinate movement.
• ____ awareness often develops poorly in students with congenital visual impairment, especially
those with no functional vision and/or low muscle tone.
,• The lack of visual incentive to play with hands, knees, feet, and objects in the environment may
contribute to less movement and missed opportunities for proprioceptive input.
• Fewer opportunities for physical activities also contribute to limited proprioceptive
development.
Motor output could be affected based on a delay in the development of this sensory system,
including
• Balance- equalibrium
• Gait: a person's pattern of walking.
• Posture: the vertical alignment of body parts over the body's center of gravity.
• Coordination: the ability to use different parts of the body and muscles together smoothly and
efficiently for purposeful movement.
What is the relevance of muscle tone on the instruction of O&M skills? correct answers Many
children who are congenitally blind have low ___. This is often related to a lack of a stable
postural foundation from which to perform motor skills. This can affect gait development,
posture, balance, and straight line travel.
Proprioceptive awareness often develops poorly in students with congenital visual impairment,
especially those with no functional vision and/or low ___. This is problematic as proprioceptive
awareness provides a foundation for the development of body awareness and contributes to
laterality, directionality, and spatial awareness (Rosen, 2010a).
Kinesiology correct answers the study of movement,
Muscle tone correct answers can be viewed as a motoric "readiness for movement."
hypotonia correct answers low muscle tone
Key principles of sensorimotor development and functioning. correct answers predictability
sequencing
, active movement
quality of movement
timing of movement
Predictability correct answers involves two levels - personal and environmental. At the personal
level, vision allows a person to prepare for changes in sensory or motor input. So for individuals
who are visually impaired, it may be helpful to let them know what you are going to do and what
is going to happen first. At the environmental level, some people who are visually impaired may
hesitate to move within the environment due to fear of the unknown and an inability to monitor
changes in the environment. For students with a visual impairment, we can allow time to
familiarize to new spaces and teach safe mobility skills to minimize the fear of movement.
Sequencing correct answers Motor development is ___, and visual impairment may affect the
development of most motor skills, including those associated with successful travel - posture,
gait, and balance. So it is important to consider what functional skills the students need and what
prerequisite abilities they must have, and then choose activities that facilitate normal muscle
tone, sensory development, the integration of primitive reflexes, and the fine tuning of
equilibrium.
active movement correct answers Purposeful, self-initiated movement, not passive movement, is
essential for developing motor skills. Only through ___ can people develop muscle tone,
proprioceptive awareness, and coordination. This can be promoted by teaching young children to
use a cane or an adaptive mobility device.
quality of movement correct answers ___ cannot always be ignored in a rush for function
because the acquisition of higher-level motor skills relies heavily on the development of lower-
level skills and abilities. It is important to weigh immediate need against the long-term benefit of
emphasizing ____.
timing of movement correct answers Specific skills are learned best during their "critical
periods," when the appropriate sensory and motor inputs are coming together. Thus it is
important to emphasize age-appropriate sensorimotor functioning throughout O&M instruction.
