UL STAT 214 Exam 1 Study Guide | Statistics Review, Key Concepts & Practice
Questions
Statistics - ANS ✔✔The study of procedures for collecting, describing, and drawing conclusions
from information. A science that falls under math because of the number of formulas.
Population. Sample - ANS ✔✔What are the two sources of information?
Population - ANS ✔✔Entire collection of individuals about which information is sought. Doesn't
have to be a large group.
Census - ANS ✔✔Collection of information from everyone in the population
Parameter - ANS ✔✔Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a population.
Result of census (means, proportions, standard deviations).
Sample - ANS ✔✔Subset of the population containing the individuals actually observed. Do this
if we cannot get information from everyone in the population.
Sample Data - ANS ✔✔Collection of information from a sample
Statistic - ANS ✔✔Numerical measurements that describe characteristics of a sample. Result of
sample data.
Represent. Sampling. - ANS ✔✔Ideally, we want the sample we choose to _____ the population
appropriately. Since this is rarely possible, we use methods of ____ (choosing a sample) that
give a better chance of the sample reflecting the major characteristics of the population under
consideration
, Simple Random Sample. Samples of Convenience. Stratified Sampling. Cluster Sampling.
Systematic Sampling. Voluntary Response Sample - ANS ✔✔What are the 6 methods of
sampling?
Simple Random Sample - ANS ✔✔A simple random sample of size n is a sample chosen by a
method in which each collection of n population items is equally likely to make up the sample.
Most common type. Choosing a group of n subjects that every group has a chance to be chosen.
Example is there are 19,216 students at UL last fall and you might chose groups of n=50
Samples of Convenience - ANS ✔✔A sample that is not drawn by a well-defined method/ Not
done often because of bias. May be okay if the sample does reflect the population
appropriately. Not representative of the entire population.
Stratified Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which the population is divided into groups, called
strata, where the members of each stratum have similar characteristics. Then a random sample
is drawn from each stratum. Each strata may differ from one another although members of each
strata tend to be alike. Example is freshman, sophomores, juniors, and seniors are all different
between groups but within groups there are similar characteristics
Cluster Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which items are drawn from the population in clusters
or groups. This type of sample is useful when a straight forward simple random sample is
difficult to take. For example, 50 random cities and within each city we choose 500 college
students. Instead of groups and picking within groups we just pick entirely different groups
Systematic Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which population items are ordered in some way
and then it is decided how frequently to take items. For example, assembly lines use this by
choosing every 100th item to check for defects or stores survey every 50th customer. Often
done in production or business world.
Voluntary Response Sample - ANS ✔✔A sample in which the respondents themselves decide to
be involved in a study or process. Some examples of this are online surveys, call-in surveys,
mail-out surveys. It tends to be biased. Avoid this type of sampling when doing any type of
Questions
Statistics - ANS ✔✔The study of procedures for collecting, describing, and drawing conclusions
from information. A science that falls under math because of the number of formulas.
Population. Sample - ANS ✔✔What are the two sources of information?
Population - ANS ✔✔Entire collection of individuals about which information is sought. Doesn't
have to be a large group.
Census - ANS ✔✔Collection of information from everyone in the population
Parameter - ANS ✔✔Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a population.
Result of census (means, proportions, standard deviations).
Sample - ANS ✔✔Subset of the population containing the individuals actually observed. Do this
if we cannot get information from everyone in the population.
Sample Data - ANS ✔✔Collection of information from a sample
Statistic - ANS ✔✔Numerical measurements that describe characteristics of a sample. Result of
sample data.
Represent. Sampling. - ANS ✔✔Ideally, we want the sample we choose to _____ the population
appropriately. Since this is rarely possible, we use methods of ____ (choosing a sample) that
give a better chance of the sample reflecting the major characteristics of the population under
consideration
, Simple Random Sample. Samples of Convenience. Stratified Sampling. Cluster Sampling.
Systematic Sampling. Voluntary Response Sample - ANS ✔✔What are the 6 methods of
sampling?
Simple Random Sample - ANS ✔✔A simple random sample of size n is a sample chosen by a
method in which each collection of n population items is equally likely to make up the sample.
Most common type. Choosing a group of n subjects that every group has a chance to be chosen.
Example is there are 19,216 students at UL last fall and you might chose groups of n=50
Samples of Convenience - ANS ✔✔A sample that is not drawn by a well-defined method/ Not
done often because of bias. May be okay if the sample does reflect the population
appropriately. Not representative of the entire population.
Stratified Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which the population is divided into groups, called
strata, where the members of each stratum have similar characteristics. Then a random sample
is drawn from each stratum. Each strata may differ from one another although members of each
strata tend to be alike. Example is freshman, sophomores, juniors, and seniors are all different
between groups but within groups there are similar characteristics
Cluster Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which items are drawn from the population in clusters
or groups. This type of sample is useful when a straight forward simple random sample is
difficult to take. For example, 50 random cities and within each city we choose 500 college
students. Instead of groups and picking within groups we just pick entirely different groups
Systematic Sampling - ANS ✔✔A sample in which population items are ordered in some way
and then it is decided how frequently to take items. For example, assembly lines use this by
choosing every 100th item to check for defects or stores survey every 50th customer. Often
done in production or business world.
Voluntary Response Sample - ANS ✔✔A sample in which the respondents themselves decide to
be involved in a study or process. Some examples of this are online surveys, call-in surveys,
mail-out surveys. It tends to be biased. Avoid this type of sampling when doing any type of
