WGU Course D398 Introduction to Phamarcology Exam with Questions and
Answers – 100% Solved
1906 Pure Food and Drug Act - ✔✔✔-Prohibits the sale and transport of adulterated or
mislabeled food, drinks and drugs.
Prohibits the mislabeling and misbranding of products.
1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act - ✔✔✔-created to enforce rules such as labeling, drug
approval before release, and warning labels (such as "may cause drowsiness")
1970 Controlled Substances Act - ✔✔✔-established the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). This
act set strict standards for abused drugs and required prescribers to register with the DEA. , who
enforces the laws included in this act.
absorption - ✔✔✔-how a drug moves from its site of delivery into the bloodstream before it
can act in the body
active biologics - ✔✔✔-use the body's natural immune system; interferons
adequate intake (AI) - ✔✔✔-a recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on
observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy
people
adrenal corticosteroids - ✔✔✔-synthetic versions of cortisol used to treat inflammatory
conditions, function by lowering inflammation and the immune system's activity
ages at most risk of being poisoned - ✔✔✔-between the ages 1 and 5
albuterol (ProAir) - ✔✔✔-a SABA bronchodilator
Side effects: throat irritation, hoarseness, and sinusitis; nervousness, tremor, dizziness, and
headache
,WGU Course D398 Introduction to Phamarcology Exam with Questions and
Answers – 100% Solved
Caution: may cause or worsen cardiac irregularities (tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, and
angina)
alkylating agents - ✔✔✔-antineoplastic agents whose purpose is to prevent cell growth; i.e.
cisplatin and cyclophosphamide; long-term damage associated with these medications,
specifically to bone marrow and damage to the nervous system, ulcers, and pulmonary fibrosis.
alpha-blockers - ✔✔✔-medications that relax smooth muscle in the bladder, neck, and prostate,
causing them to decrease pressure. By blocking the alpha receptors, the urine flow rate is
improved, and the symptoms of BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) are decreased
aminoglycosides - ✔✔✔-a potent antibiotic that includes gentamicin and amikacin. Because of
poor absorption, they are typically given intravenously
amiodarone (Cordarone) - ✔✔✔-An oral and injectable antiarrhythmic drug
Side effects: tremors, numbness, visual disturbances, lung scarring, or thickness (known as
pulmonary fibrosis)
amlodipine (Norvasc) - ✔✔✔-a calcium channel blocker to lower blood pressure
Side effects: edema (swelling), abdominal discomfort, and headache
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) - ✔✔✔-Lower blood pressure; comparable to ACE
inhibitors and are often used as an alternative. They inhibit the angiotensin receptor directly.
ARBs such as losartan (Cozaar) and valsartan (Diovan) block the effects of angiotensin II,
decreasing blood pressure without a marked change in heart rate. ARBs are associated with a
lower incidence of drug-induced cough, rash, or taste disturbances and are used in those
patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - ✔✔✔-drugs that relax veins and arteries to
reduce blood pressure. They are medications that work by blocking the ACE enzyme in the body,
, WGU Course D398 Introduction to Phamarcology Exam with Questions and
Answers – 100% Solved
which leads to a decrease in angiotensin II, a chemical that narrows blood vessels. Reducing the
levels of angiotensin II can help to relax and widen blood vessels, which can improve blood flow
and lower blood pressure
antacids - ✔✔✔-used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Antagonism - ✔✔✔-when one medicine reduces or diminishes the impact of another
Antiandrogens - ✔✔✔-used to treat Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking the enzyme
that produces dihydrotestosterone (DHT). High DHT levels can contribute to the growth of the
prostate glands.
antiarrhythmic medicines - ✔✔✔-comprise several drugs that suppress various kinds of heart
arrhythmias in diverse ways
anticholinergics - ✔✔✔-induce bronchodilation by blocking nervous receptors in the smooth
muscle of airways
Physostigmine
Antidopaminergics or dopamine-receptor antagonists - ✔✔✔-anti-nausea;
stop the chemoreceptors (responsible for detecting taste and smell) in the brain from being
stimulated, which stops messages from going to the GI tract
antiemetics - ✔✔✔-medicines that prevent or treat nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and motion
sickness
Antihistamines - ✔✔✔-used to treat allergy symptoms such as itching and rash; however, they
are also taken to reduce nasal secretions, reduce post-nasal drip, and dry out the throat.
Answers – 100% Solved
1906 Pure Food and Drug Act - ✔✔✔-Prohibits the sale and transport of adulterated or
mislabeled food, drinks and drugs.
Prohibits the mislabeling and misbranding of products.
1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act - ✔✔✔-created to enforce rules such as labeling, drug
approval before release, and warning labels (such as "may cause drowsiness")
1970 Controlled Substances Act - ✔✔✔-established the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). This
act set strict standards for abused drugs and required prescribers to register with the DEA. , who
enforces the laws included in this act.
absorption - ✔✔✔-how a drug moves from its site of delivery into the bloodstream before it
can act in the body
active biologics - ✔✔✔-use the body's natural immune system; interferons
adequate intake (AI) - ✔✔✔-a recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on
observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy
people
adrenal corticosteroids - ✔✔✔-synthetic versions of cortisol used to treat inflammatory
conditions, function by lowering inflammation and the immune system's activity
ages at most risk of being poisoned - ✔✔✔-between the ages 1 and 5
albuterol (ProAir) - ✔✔✔-a SABA bronchodilator
Side effects: throat irritation, hoarseness, and sinusitis; nervousness, tremor, dizziness, and
headache
,WGU Course D398 Introduction to Phamarcology Exam with Questions and
Answers – 100% Solved
Caution: may cause or worsen cardiac irregularities (tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, and
angina)
alkylating agents - ✔✔✔-antineoplastic agents whose purpose is to prevent cell growth; i.e.
cisplatin and cyclophosphamide; long-term damage associated with these medications,
specifically to bone marrow and damage to the nervous system, ulcers, and pulmonary fibrosis.
alpha-blockers - ✔✔✔-medications that relax smooth muscle in the bladder, neck, and prostate,
causing them to decrease pressure. By blocking the alpha receptors, the urine flow rate is
improved, and the symptoms of BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) are decreased
aminoglycosides - ✔✔✔-a potent antibiotic that includes gentamicin and amikacin. Because of
poor absorption, they are typically given intravenously
amiodarone (Cordarone) - ✔✔✔-An oral and injectable antiarrhythmic drug
Side effects: tremors, numbness, visual disturbances, lung scarring, or thickness (known as
pulmonary fibrosis)
amlodipine (Norvasc) - ✔✔✔-a calcium channel blocker to lower blood pressure
Side effects: edema (swelling), abdominal discomfort, and headache
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) - ✔✔✔-Lower blood pressure; comparable to ACE
inhibitors and are often used as an alternative. They inhibit the angiotensin receptor directly.
ARBs such as losartan (Cozaar) and valsartan (Diovan) block the effects of angiotensin II,
decreasing blood pressure without a marked change in heart rate. ARBs are associated with a
lower incidence of drug-induced cough, rash, or taste disturbances and are used in those
patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - ✔✔✔-drugs that relax veins and arteries to
reduce blood pressure. They are medications that work by blocking the ACE enzyme in the body,
, WGU Course D398 Introduction to Phamarcology Exam with Questions and
Answers – 100% Solved
which leads to a decrease in angiotensin II, a chemical that narrows blood vessels. Reducing the
levels of angiotensin II can help to relax and widen blood vessels, which can improve blood flow
and lower blood pressure
antacids - ✔✔✔-used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Antagonism - ✔✔✔-when one medicine reduces or diminishes the impact of another
Antiandrogens - ✔✔✔-used to treat Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking the enzyme
that produces dihydrotestosterone (DHT). High DHT levels can contribute to the growth of the
prostate glands.
antiarrhythmic medicines - ✔✔✔-comprise several drugs that suppress various kinds of heart
arrhythmias in diverse ways
anticholinergics - ✔✔✔-induce bronchodilation by blocking nervous receptors in the smooth
muscle of airways
Physostigmine
Antidopaminergics or dopamine-receptor antagonists - ✔✔✔-anti-nausea;
stop the chemoreceptors (responsible for detecting taste and smell) in the brain from being
stimulated, which stops messages from going to the GI tract
antiemetics - ✔✔✔-medicines that prevent or treat nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and motion
sickness
Antihistamines - ✔✔✔-used to treat allergy symptoms such as itching and rash; however, they
are also taken to reduce nasal secretions, reduce post-nasal drip, and dry out the throat.
