NR 222 Health and Wellness and Chamberlain University
Practice Exam questions and correct answers– Updated
2026 (Graded A+) instant download pdf
Subject: Nursing and Healthcare
Subtopic: Concepts of Health, Wellness, and Health Promotion Models
Question 1: A public health nurse is designing a community-based intervention aimed at
reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus within a vulnerable urban population. The
nurse utilizes Pender’s Health Promotion Model to guide the program's structure. According
to this specific framework, which variable serves as the most critical immediate predictor of
a participant engaging in a health-promoting behavior?
A) Prior related behavior and personal biological factors
B) Perceived self-efficacy regarding lifestyle modifications
C) Commitment to a plan of action accompanied by specific strategies
D) Interpersonal influences such as family and peer support systems
Correct Answer: C - Commitment to a plan of action accompanied by specific strategies
Rationale: In Pender’s Health Promotion Model, commitment to a plan of action is identified
as the immediate precursor and predictor of a health-promoting behavior. While prior
related behavior, perceived self-efficacy, and interpersonal influences are significant
cognitive-perceptual factors that influence a person's mindset, it is the explicit commitment
to a designated plan of action combined with behavioral strategies that directly initiates the
actual behavior change. Options A, B, and D are background or intermediate variables that
feed into this final cognitive pathway.
Question 2: An occupational health nurse is executing a secondary prevention strategy for
cardiovascular health at a local manufacturing plant. Which activity aligns perfectly with this
level of preventive care?
A) Hosting an educational seminar regarding the cardiovascular benefits of a low-sodium
Mediterranean diet
B) Facilitating mandatory blood pressure and lipid panel screenings for assembly line
workers
C) Organizing a supervised, low-impact cardiac rehabilitation program for employees
returning post-myocardial infarction
D) Advocating for a comprehensive, smoke-free campus policy with the plant's corporate
executives
,Correct Answer: B - Facilitating mandatory blood pressure and lipid panel screenings for
assembly line workers
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection, screening, and prompt
intervention to halt a disease process before it becomes symptomatic or causes permanent
damage. Screenings like blood pressure and lipid checks are classic examples. Options A and
D represent primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease onset entirely through health
promotion and specific protection. Option C represents tertiary prevention, which focuses on
rehabilitation and mitigating further complications of an established disease state.
Question 3: During a routine wellness assessment, a 45-year-old patient tells the nurse, "I
know smoking is terrible for my lungs, and my cough has been getting worse lately. I’ve been
researching nicotine patches and am thinking about trying them next month." According to
the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change), which stage is this patient currently
exhibiting?
A) Precontemplation
B) Contemplation
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: C - Preparation
Rationale: The patient is in the preparation stage because they recognize the problem, have
begun gathering information (researching patches), and express a concrete intention to take
action within a short, defined timeframe (next month). Precontemplation (A) would involve
denial or no intent to change. Contemplation (B) involves recognizing the problem and
weighing pros and cons but without immediate intent or steps toward a plan. Action (D)
involves actively modifying the behavior, which this patient has not yet begun.
Question 4: A nurse is integrating the Health Belief Model into the care plan of an
adolescent diagnosed with asthma who refuses to use a daily maintenance inhaler. The
adolescent states, "I only feel wheezy when I run fast, so I don't think my lungs are actually
damaged." Which construct of the Health Belief Model must the nurse address first to
encourage compliance?
A) Perceived barriers
B) Perceived severity
C) Perceived susceptibility
D) Cues to action
Correct Answer: C - Perceived susceptibility
,Rationale: The patient’s statement directly reveals a deficit in perceived susceptibility; they
do not believe their body or lungs are vulnerable to ongoing damage from asthma because
symptoms are transient. Until the patient understands that they are susceptible to chronic
airway remodeling and acute exacerbations regardless of current perceived wellness, they
will not be motivated to change. Perceived severity (B) relates to the gravity of the
consequences, barriers (A) are the costs/hustle of taking medication, and cues to action (D)
are external triggers to take medicine.
Question 5: A clinical nurse manager is evaluating how a multi-disciplinary team applies the
Holistic Health Model when treating patients experiencing chronic intractable pain. Which
clinical intervention best demonstrates successful application of this model?
A) Administering around-the-clock scheduled opioid analgesics supplemented by
breakthrough patient-controlled analgesia
B) Coordinating a treatment plan that integrates scheduled yoga, mindfulness meditation,
and aromatherapy alongside conventional pharmacotherapy
C) Arranging an immediate neurosurgical consultation to evaluate the patient for an
intrathecal pain pump insertion
D) Referring the patient exclusively to a cognitive-behavioral therapist to alter maladaptive
cognitive patterns associated with pain perception
Correct Answer: B - Coordinating a treatment plan that integrates scheduled yoga,
mindfulness meditation, and aromatherapy alongside conventional pharmacotherapy
Rationale: The Holistic Health Model emphasizes the interconnectedness of mind, body, and
spirit, recognizing that optimal health requires addressing all dimensions of human
experience. Integrating complementary therapies (yoga, meditation, aromatherapy) with
standard medical treatment perfectly embodies this approach. Options A and C look solely at
physical/biological solutions. Option D isolates the psychological aspect without maintaining
a cohesive, fully integrated approach.
Subject: Nursing and Healthcare
Subtopic: Healthy People 2030 and Cultural Competence
Question 6: A community health coalition is developing public health objectives aimed at
meeting the core metrics of Healthy People 2030. When framing interventions, the nurse
understands that Healthy People 2030 shifts its foundational focus compared to previous
decades primarily toward which overarching concept?
A) Increasing the sheer volume of tertiary care clinics in rural environments
B) Eliminating health disparities by focusing heavily on Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
, C) Prioritizing acute communicable disease containment via mass global vaccination
protocols
D) Expanding employer-sponsored private insurance enrollment options across industrial
sectors
Correct Answer: B - Eliminating health disparities by focusing heavily on Social
Determinants of Health (SDOH)
Rationale: A cornerstone of Healthy People 2030 is its explicit, structured emphasis on
addressing social determinants of health (SDOH)—such as economic stability, education,
neighborhood environment, and social context—to eliminate disparities, achieve health
equity, and attain health literacy. Options A and C deal with specific operational methods or
traditional interventions rather than the core philosophical pivot. Option D is an insurance-
driven focus not aligned with the global public health framework of the initiative.
Question 7: A nurse is conducting an admission assessment for a patient from a non-
Western cultural background who practices traditional copping therapies. Which action by
the nurse most accurately illustrates the application of cultural desire, as defined by
Campinha-Bacote's model of cultural competence?
A) Memorizing a comprehensive list of traditional medical practices specific to the patient's
country of origin
B) Documenting the patient's refusal of Western medical protocols in an objective, non-
judgmental manner
C) Experiencing a genuine, internal motivation to learn about the patient's unique health
worldviews and partner with them in care
D) Attending a mandatory hospital-sponsored seminar regarding diversity and inclusion
metrics
Correct Answer: C - Experiencing a genuine, internal motivation to learn about the
patient's unique health worldviews and partner with them in care
Rationale: Campinha-Bacote defines "cultural desire" as the motivational hook: the genuine,
intrinsic wanting to engage in the process of becoming culturally competent, rather than just
doing it out of obligation. Memorizing facts (A) represents cultural knowledge. Attending a
mandatory class (D) is compliance-driven, and documenting care neutrally (B) is standard
professional duty, not necessarily indicative of true cultural desire.
Question 8: When performing a transcultural physical assessment on a patient with dark skin
tones, the nurse knows that standard assessment techniques for detecting cyanosis must be
modified. Which anatomical region provides the most reliable diagnostic data for central
cyanosis in this patient population?
Practice Exam questions and correct answers– Updated
2026 (Graded A+) instant download pdf
Subject: Nursing and Healthcare
Subtopic: Concepts of Health, Wellness, and Health Promotion Models
Question 1: A public health nurse is designing a community-based intervention aimed at
reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus within a vulnerable urban population. The
nurse utilizes Pender’s Health Promotion Model to guide the program's structure. According
to this specific framework, which variable serves as the most critical immediate predictor of
a participant engaging in a health-promoting behavior?
A) Prior related behavior and personal biological factors
B) Perceived self-efficacy regarding lifestyle modifications
C) Commitment to a plan of action accompanied by specific strategies
D) Interpersonal influences such as family and peer support systems
Correct Answer: C - Commitment to a plan of action accompanied by specific strategies
Rationale: In Pender’s Health Promotion Model, commitment to a plan of action is identified
as the immediate precursor and predictor of a health-promoting behavior. While prior
related behavior, perceived self-efficacy, and interpersonal influences are significant
cognitive-perceptual factors that influence a person's mindset, it is the explicit commitment
to a designated plan of action combined with behavioral strategies that directly initiates the
actual behavior change. Options A, B, and D are background or intermediate variables that
feed into this final cognitive pathway.
Question 2: An occupational health nurse is executing a secondary prevention strategy for
cardiovascular health at a local manufacturing plant. Which activity aligns perfectly with this
level of preventive care?
A) Hosting an educational seminar regarding the cardiovascular benefits of a low-sodium
Mediterranean diet
B) Facilitating mandatory blood pressure and lipid panel screenings for assembly line
workers
C) Organizing a supervised, low-impact cardiac rehabilitation program for employees
returning post-myocardial infarction
D) Advocating for a comprehensive, smoke-free campus policy with the plant's corporate
executives
,Correct Answer: B - Facilitating mandatory blood pressure and lipid panel screenings for
assembly line workers
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection, screening, and prompt
intervention to halt a disease process before it becomes symptomatic or causes permanent
damage. Screenings like blood pressure and lipid checks are classic examples. Options A and
D represent primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease onset entirely through health
promotion and specific protection. Option C represents tertiary prevention, which focuses on
rehabilitation and mitigating further complications of an established disease state.
Question 3: During a routine wellness assessment, a 45-year-old patient tells the nurse, "I
know smoking is terrible for my lungs, and my cough has been getting worse lately. I’ve been
researching nicotine patches and am thinking about trying them next month." According to
the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change), which stage is this patient currently
exhibiting?
A) Precontemplation
B) Contemplation
C) Preparation
D) Action
Correct Answer: C - Preparation
Rationale: The patient is in the preparation stage because they recognize the problem, have
begun gathering information (researching patches), and express a concrete intention to take
action within a short, defined timeframe (next month). Precontemplation (A) would involve
denial or no intent to change. Contemplation (B) involves recognizing the problem and
weighing pros and cons but without immediate intent or steps toward a plan. Action (D)
involves actively modifying the behavior, which this patient has not yet begun.
Question 4: A nurse is integrating the Health Belief Model into the care plan of an
adolescent diagnosed with asthma who refuses to use a daily maintenance inhaler. The
adolescent states, "I only feel wheezy when I run fast, so I don't think my lungs are actually
damaged." Which construct of the Health Belief Model must the nurse address first to
encourage compliance?
A) Perceived barriers
B) Perceived severity
C) Perceived susceptibility
D) Cues to action
Correct Answer: C - Perceived susceptibility
,Rationale: The patient’s statement directly reveals a deficit in perceived susceptibility; they
do not believe their body or lungs are vulnerable to ongoing damage from asthma because
symptoms are transient. Until the patient understands that they are susceptible to chronic
airway remodeling and acute exacerbations regardless of current perceived wellness, they
will not be motivated to change. Perceived severity (B) relates to the gravity of the
consequences, barriers (A) are the costs/hustle of taking medication, and cues to action (D)
are external triggers to take medicine.
Question 5: A clinical nurse manager is evaluating how a multi-disciplinary team applies the
Holistic Health Model when treating patients experiencing chronic intractable pain. Which
clinical intervention best demonstrates successful application of this model?
A) Administering around-the-clock scheduled opioid analgesics supplemented by
breakthrough patient-controlled analgesia
B) Coordinating a treatment plan that integrates scheduled yoga, mindfulness meditation,
and aromatherapy alongside conventional pharmacotherapy
C) Arranging an immediate neurosurgical consultation to evaluate the patient for an
intrathecal pain pump insertion
D) Referring the patient exclusively to a cognitive-behavioral therapist to alter maladaptive
cognitive patterns associated with pain perception
Correct Answer: B - Coordinating a treatment plan that integrates scheduled yoga,
mindfulness meditation, and aromatherapy alongside conventional pharmacotherapy
Rationale: The Holistic Health Model emphasizes the interconnectedness of mind, body, and
spirit, recognizing that optimal health requires addressing all dimensions of human
experience. Integrating complementary therapies (yoga, meditation, aromatherapy) with
standard medical treatment perfectly embodies this approach. Options A and C look solely at
physical/biological solutions. Option D isolates the psychological aspect without maintaining
a cohesive, fully integrated approach.
Subject: Nursing and Healthcare
Subtopic: Healthy People 2030 and Cultural Competence
Question 6: A community health coalition is developing public health objectives aimed at
meeting the core metrics of Healthy People 2030. When framing interventions, the nurse
understands that Healthy People 2030 shifts its foundational focus compared to previous
decades primarily toward which overarching concept?
A) Increasing the sheer volume of tertiary care clinics in rural environments
B) Eliminating health disparities by focusing heavily on Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
, C) Prioritizing acute communicable disease containment via mass global vaccination
protocols
D) Expanding employer-sponsored private insurance enrollment options across industrial
sectors
Correct Answer: B - Eliminating health disparities by focusing heavily on Social
Determinants of Health (SDOH)
Rationale: A cornerstone of Healthy People 2030 is its explicit, structured emphasis on
addressing social determinants of health (SDOH)—such as economic stability, education,
neighborhood environment, and social context—to eliminate disparities, achieve health
equity, and attain health literacy. Options A and C deal with specific operational methods or
traditional interventions rather than the core philosophical pivot. Option D is an insurance-
driven focus not aligned with the global public health framework of the initiative.
Question 7: A nurse is conducting an admission assessment for a patient from a non-
Western cultural background who practices traditional copping therapies. Which action by
the nurse most accurately illustrates the application of cultural desire, as defined by
Campinha-Bacote's model of cultural competence?
A) Memorizing a comprehensive list of traditional medical practices specific to the patient's
country of origin
B) Documenting the patient's refusal of Western medical protocols in an objective, non-
judgmental manner
C) Experiencing a genuine, internal motivation to learn about the patient's unique health
worldviews and partner with them in care
D) Attending a mandatory hospital-sponsored seminar regarding diversity and inclusion
metrics
Correct Answer: C - Experiencing a genuine, internal motivation to learn about the
patient's unique health worldviews and partner with them in care
Rationale: Campinha-Bacote defines "cultural desire" as the motivational hook: the genuine,
intrinsic wanting to engage in the process of becoming culturally competent, rather than just
doing it out of obligation. Memorizing facts (A) represents cultural knowledge. Attending a
mandatory class (D) is compliance-driven, and documenting care neutrally (B) is standard
professional duty, not necessarily indicative of true cultural desire.
Question 8: When performing a transcultural physical assessment on a patient with dark skin
tones, the nurse knows that standard assessment techniques for detecting cyanosis must be
modified. Which anatomical region provides the most reliable diagnostic data for central
cyanosis in this patient population?
