Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
TEST BANK
Physical Rehabilitation
Susan B. O'Sullivan; Thomas J. Schmitz; George Fulk
7th Edition
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Table of Contents
Section One: Clinical Decision Making and Examination
Chapter 1: Clinical Decision Making
Chapter 2: Examination of Vital Signs
Chapter 3: Examination of Sensory Function
Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal Examination
Chapter 5: Examination of Motor Function: Motor Control and Motor Learning
Chapter 6: Examination of Coordination and Balance
Chapter 7: Examination of Gait
Chapter 8: Examination of Function
Chapter 9: Examination and Modification of the Environment
Section Two: Intervention Strategies for Rehabilitation
Chapter 10: Strategies to Improve Motor Function
Chapter 11: Strategies to Improve Locomotor Function
Chapter 12: Chronic Pulmonary Dysfunction
Chapter 13: Heart Disease
Chapter 14: Vascular, Lymphatic, and Integumentary Disorders
Chapter 15: Stroke
Chapter 16: Multiple Sclerosis
Chapter 17: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Chapter 18: Parkinson’s Disease
Chapter 19: Traumatic Brain Injury
Chapter 20: Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 21: Vestibular Disorders
Chapter 22: Amputation
Chapter 23: Arthritis
Chapter 24: Burns
Chapter 25: Chronic Pain
Chapter 26: Psychosocial Issues in Physical Rehabilitation
Chapter 27: Cognitive and Perceptual Dysfunction
Chapter 28: Neurogenic Disorders of Speech and Language
Chapter 29: Promoting Health and Wellness
Section Three: Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Seating and Wheeled Mobility
Chapter 30: Orthotics
Chapter 31: Prosthetics
Chapter 32: Seating and Wheeled Mobility
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 1. Clinical Decision Making
Multiple Choice
1. What is the MOST appropriate classification of patient impairments that are the result of
inactivity and expanding multisystem dysfunction following a stroke?
a. Direct impairments
b. Indirect impairments
c. Composite impairments
d. Comprehensive impairments
2. Which one of the following statements BEST describes the difference between measurement
and diagnosis?
a. Measurement describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas diagnosis is the process that labels patients and classifies their illnesses,
leading to the determination of prognoses.
b. Diagnosis describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas measurement is the process that labels patients and classifies their
illnesses, leading to the determination of prognoses.
c. Diagnosis and measurement are part of the same process, and the terms can be
used interchangeably.
d. Measurement requires the use of SOAP notes, whereas diagnosis is facilitated
exclusively through the physical therapy guide.
3. Which one of the following BEST describes the FIRST step that a physical therapist should
take when integrating best evidence into clinical practice?
a. Identify current best evidence on the most successful interventions for the patient’s
diagnosis.
b. Mine the available data and critically appraise the evidence for its validity, level of
evidence, and applicability.
c. Integrate the best evidence into clinical decision making after discussing it with the
patient.
d. Identify a clinically relevant question that is important for the patient.
4. Which of the following questions is designed to assess capacity for functional activities and
participation when interviewing a patient who suffered a stroke?
a. How much of a problem do you have in walking long distances?
b. Is the problem of walking made worse or better by use of an assistive device?
c. How much difficulty do you have walking a quarter of a mile?
d. How much of a problem do you have going up and down stairs?
5. Which one of the following disability standardized instruments is MOST specific for a patient
recovering from a stroke?
a. Functional Independence Measure
b. Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Physical Performance
c. Short Form-36
d. Berg Balance Scale
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
6. If a clinical diagnostic test for patients with cervical radiculopathy is positive in 95% of
patients who truly have the disease, but it is also positive in a large number of healthy
individuals, what is this test most useful for?
a. Ruling out cervical radiculopathy
b. Ruling in cervical radiculopathy
c. Neither ruling in nor ruling out cervical radiculopathy
d. Both ruling in and ruling out cervical radiculopathy
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 1. Clinical Decision Making
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
Explanation: These impairments are best classified as indirect impairments because they result
from inactivity and expanding multisystem dysfunction.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 2. ANS: A
Explanation: Measurement describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas diagnosis is the process that labels patients and classifies their illnesses, leading to the
determination of prognoses. The test-taker will need to know and understand the differences
between the two concepts.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 3. ANS: D
Explanation: The importance of starting with a clinically relevant question that integrates
patient values is commonly overlooked, even though it is necessary for integrating best
evidence into clinical practice.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 4. ANS: C
Explanation: Asking whether the individual has difficulty walking a quarter of a mile is both
specific to capacity and quantifiable.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 5. ANS: B
Explanation: The test-taker needs to know that the Fugl-Meyer scale is specific to stroke,
whereas the other instruments are used in a variety of diagnoses.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 6. ANS: A
Explanation: The test-taker will need to understand the concepts of sensitivity and specificity and
understand their clinical utility in this example. This test is highly sensitive but has low
specificity; thus, it is more useful for ruling out the disease.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 2. Examination of Vital Signs
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. In which location of the cardiovascular system is the highest concentration of
baroreceptors?
a. The aorta and carotid veins
b. The aorta and supraclavicular arteries
c. The aorta and carotid arteries
d. The aorta and femoral arteries
2. Which one of the following positions is recommended for obtaining consistent blood pressure
measurements?
a. Sitting with the arm in a horizontal, supported position at heart level
b. Supine position with arm resting comfortably on the chest
c. Sitting on the couch with arm resting comfortably by the side
d. Standing with arm by side and cuff positioned at heart level
3. Which one of the following population groups should be consistently tested for underlying
hypertension because of its higher incidence?
a. Caucasians
b. African Americans
c. Asians
d. Males over the age of 64
4. When are the Korotkoff’s sounds audible while measuring blood pressure?
a. Upon full inflation of the cuff
b. Upon placement of the stethoscope over the artery
c. Upon beginning to lower the pressure of the inflated cuff
d. During the diastolic phase of the reading
5. A 67-year-old female smoker with a family history of high blood pressure and heart disease presents
with acute onset neck pain, headache, and a blood pressure of 175/100 mm Hg. What should the
physical therapist do FIRST?
a. Refer the patient for assessment by a physician.
b. Assume that this is a “white coat” effect and continue with the usual examination.
c. Continue the examination but modify the order and extent of the tests.
d. Modify the examination to avoid manual therapy and offer simple exercises.
6. Upon taking the popliteal blood pressure of a patient with unilateral distal limb pain, the physical
therapist notes that the popliteal pulse is easily palpable (compared to the nonsymptomatic side) and
that the blood pressure is 95/65 mm Hg (upper limb reading 145/90 mm Hg). Which one of the
following pathologies should be ruled out before proceeding with the rest of the physical
examination?
a. Deep venous thrombosis
b. Restless leg syndrome
c. Popliteal aneurysm
d. Femoral artery occlusion
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 2. Examination of Vital Signs
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: C
Explanation: These receptors have a high concentration in the walls of the internal carotid arteries above
the carotid bifurcation and in the walls of the arch of the aorta.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 2. ANS: A
Explanation: Blood pressure may vary as much as 20 mm Hg by altering arm position.
For consistency of measures, the patient should be sitting with the arm in a horizontal,
supported position at heart level.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content: Blood
Pressure 3. ANS: B
Explanation: African Americans are at greater risk for high blood pressure as compared to
Caucasians. The rate of hypertension among this group is 44%, which is among the highest in
the world. Between 45 and 64 years of age, the percentage of men and women is comparable;
after that, a much higher percentage of women than men have high blood pressure.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 4. ANS: C
Explanation: Initially, when pressure is applied through the cuff around the patient’s arm, the
blood flow is occluded and no sound is heard through the stethoscope. As the pressure is
gradually released, a series of five phases of sounds can be identified. These sounds are present
form the first systolic reading to the end-diastolic reading.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 5. ANS: A
Explanation: This patient is at risk for a vascular event (i.e., stroke), based on the following: A
larger percentage of females than males over the age of 64 are known to have hypertension.
Heredity (parental history of high BP) also places the individual at greater risk. Globally, high
systolic BP is seen in 51% of stroke victims and 45% of those with ischemic heart disease.
Having a family history and being a smoker are also risk factors to consider in this decision-
making process.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2
TOP: Content: Evaluation, Differential Diagnosis, and
Prognosis 6. ANS: C
Explanation: Popliteal aneurysm is the only one of the options consistent with the findings of
easily palpable pulse and low lower extremity blood pressure
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2
TOP: Content: Evaluation, Differential Diagnosis, and Prognosis
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 3. Examination of Sensory Function
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following BEST describes the appropriate application of algometry assessment as a
tool in Quantitative Sensory Testing?
a. A small rounded 1 cm2 tip is used, which preferentially stimulates cutaneous
receptors.
b. Applying the instrument repeatedly can sensitize the tested tissues; waiting 5
seconds between applications will prevent this issue.
c. Consistent rate of application is important for reliable measurements.
d. The direction of application to the target tissue has no effect on results.
2. Which of the following statements about hyperalgesia is true?
a. Hyperalgesia is defined as decreased pain sensitivity to an applied stimulus.
b. Spread of pain sensitivity that occurs outside the area of damaged tissue due to
neurophysiological mechanisms is called secondary hyperalgesia.
c. Pressure pain threshold is a measure of how much pain an individual can tolerate
during application of the algometer.
d. Nociception and hyperalgesia are equivalent terms.
3. Which of the following statements about allodynia is true?
a. It is measured by applying a cutaneous noxious stimulus.
b. It is defined as the experience of pain when a nonnoxious stimulus is applied.
c. Static cutaneous allodynia is measured by applying a light brushing stimulus on
the skin.
d. It should not be tested with the application of a vibrating tuning fork.
4. In a patient with low back pain that radiates to the knee, what areas of decreased mechanical
detection indicate true radiculopathy?
a. Dermatomal distribution
b. Nondermatomal distribution
c. Sclerotomal distribution
d. Myotomal distribution
5. Which of the following statements regarding thermal quantitative sensory testing is true?
a. Deficits in heat detection threshold are common and deficits in cold detection
threshold are uncommon.
b. Altered thermal quantitative sensory testing may be associated with neuropathic
pain conditions.
c. Heat pain threshold testing elicits a withdrawal response because alpha-delta fibers
are stimulated.
d. Thermal deficits occur exclusively in the distribution of the affected nerve.
TEST BANK
Physical Rehabilitation
Susan B. O'Sullivan; Thomas J. Schmitz; George Fulk
7th Edition
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Table of Contents
Section One: Clinical Decision Making and Examination
Chapter 1: Clinical Decision Making
Chapter 2: Examination of Vital Signs
Chapter 3: Examination of Sensory Function
Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal Examination
Chapter 5: Examination of Motor Function: Motor Control and Motor Learning
Chapter 6: Examination of Coordination and Balance
Chapter 7: Examination of Gait
Chapter 8: Examination of Function
Chapter 9: Examination and Modification of the Environment
Section Two: Intervention Strategies for Rehabilitation
Chapter 10: Strategies to Improve Motor Function
Chapter 11: Strategies to Improve Locomotor Function
Chapter 12: Chronic Pulmonary Dysfunction
Chapter 13: Heart Disease
Chapter 14: Vascular, Lymphatic, and Integumentary Disorders
Chapter 15: Stroke
Chapter 16: Multiple Sclerosis
Chapter 17: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Chapter 18: Parkinson’s Disease
Chapter 19: Traumatic Brain Injury
Chapter 20: Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 21: Vestibular Disorders
Chapter 22: Amputation
Chapter 23: Arthritis
Chapter 24: Burns
Chapter 25: Chronic Pain
Chapter 26: Psychosocial Issues in Physical Rehabilitation
Chapter 27: Cognitive and Perceptual Dysfunction
Chapter 28: Neurogenic Disorders of Speech and Language
Chapter 29: Promoting Health and Wellness
Section Three: Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Seating and Wheeled Mobility
Chapter 30: Orthotics
Chapter 31: Prosthetics
Chapter 32: Seating and Wheeled Mobility
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 1. Clinical Decision Making
Multiple Choice
1. What is the MOST appropriate classification of patient impairments that are the result of
inactivity and expanding multisystem dysfunction following a stroke?
a. Direct impairments
b. Indirect impairments
c. Composite impairments
d. Comprehensive impairments
2. Which one of the following statements BEST describes the difference between measurement
and diagnosis?
a. Measurement describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas diagnosis is the process that labels patients and classifies their illnesses,
leading to the determination of prognoses.
b. Diagnosis describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas measurement is the process that labels patients and classifies their
illnesses, leading to the determination of prognoses.
c. Diagnosis and measurement are part of the same process, and the terms can be
used interchangeably.
d. Measurement requires the use of SOAP notes, whereas diagnosis is facilitated
exclusively through the physical therapy guide.
3. Which one of the following BEST describes the FIRST step that a physical therapist should
take when integrating best evidence into clinical practice?
a. Identify current best evidence on the most successful interventions for the patient’s
diagnosis.
b. Mine the available data and critically appraise the evidence for its validity, level of
evidence, and applicability.
c. Integrate the best evidence into clinical decision making after discussing it with the
patient.
d. Identify a clinically relevant question that is important for the patient.
4. Which of the following questions is designed to assess capacity for functional activities and
participation when interviewing a patient who suffered a stroke?
a. How much of a problem do you have in walking long distances?
b. Is the problem of walking made worse or better by use of an assistive device?
c. How much difficulty do you have walking a quarter of a mile?
d. How much of a problem do you have going up and down stairs?
5. Which one of the following disability standardized instruments is MOST specific for a patient
recovering from a stroke?
a. Functional Independence Measure
b. Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Physical Performance
c. Short Form-36
d. Berg Balance Scale
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
6. If a clinical diagnostic test for patients with cervical radiculopathy is positive in 95% of
patients who truly have the disease, but it is also positive in a large number of healthy
individuals, what is this test most useful for?
a. Ruling out cervical radiculopathy
b. Ruling in cervical radiculopathy
c. Neither ruling in nor ruling out cervical radiculopathy
d. Both ruling in and ruling out cervical radiculopathy
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 1. Clinical Decision Making
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
Explanation: These impairments are best classified as indirect impairments because they result
from inactivity and expanding multisystem dysfunction.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 2. ANS: A
Explanation: Measurement describes phenomena in terms that can be analyzed numerically,
whereas diagnosis is the process that labels patients and classifies their illnesses, leading to the
determination of prognoses. The test-taker will need to know and understand the differences
between the two concepts.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 3. ANS: D
Explanation: The importance of starting with a clinically relevant question that integrates
patient values is commonly overlooked, even though it is necessary for integrating best
evidence into clinical practice.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 4. ANS: C
Explanation: Asking whether the individual has difficulty walking a quarter of a mile is both
specific to capacity and quantifiable.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 5. ANS: B
Explanation: The test-taker needs to know that the Fugl-Meyer scale is specific to stroke,
whereas the other instruments are used in a variety of diagnoses.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination 6. ANS: A
Explanation: The test-taker will need to understand the concepts of sensitivity and specificity and
understand their clinical utility in this example. This test is highly sensitive but has low
specificity; thus, it is more useful for ruling out the disease.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 1 TOP: Content:
Examination
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 2. Examination of Vital Signs
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. In which location of the cardiovascular system is the highest concentration of
baroreceptors?
a. The aorta and carotid veins
b. The aorta and supraclavicular arteries
c. The aorta and carotid arteries
d. The aorta and femoral arteries
2. Which one of the following positions is recommended for obtaining consistent blood pressure
measurements?
a. Sitting with the arm in a horizontal, supported position at heart level
b. Supine position with arm resting comfortably on the chest
c. Sitting on the couch with arm resting comfortably by the side
d. Standing with arm by side and cuff positioned at heart level
3. Which one of the following population groups should be consistently tested for underlying
hypertension because of its higher incidence?
a. Caucasians
b. African Americans
c. Asians
d. Males over the age of 64
4. When are the Korotkoff’s sounds audible while measuring blood pressure?
a. Upon full inflation of the cuff
b. Upon placement of the stethoscope over the artery
c. Upon beginning to lower the pressure of the inflated cuff
d. During the diastolic phase of the reading
5. A 67-year-old female smoker with a family history of high blood pressure and heart disease presents
with acute onset neck pain, headache, and a blood pressure of 175/100 mm Hg. What should the
physical therapist do FIRST?
a. Refer the patient for assessment by a physician.
b. Assume that this is a “white coat” effect and continue with the usual examination.
c. Continue the examination but modify the order and extent of the tests.
d. Modify the examination to avoid manual therapy and offer simple exercises.
6. Upon taking the popliteal blood pressure of a patient with unilateral distal limb pain, the physical
therapist notes that the popliteal pulse is easily palpable (compared to the nonsymptomatic side) and
that the blood pressure is 95/65 mm Hg (upper limb reading 145/90 mm Hg). Which one of the
following pathologies should be ruled out before proceeding with the rest of the physical
examination?
a. Deep venous thrombosis
b. Restless leg syndrome
c. Popliteal aneurysm
d. Femoral artery occlusion
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 2. Examination of Vital Signs
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: C
Explanation: These receptors have a high concentration in the walls of the internal carotid arteries above
the carotid bifurcation and in the walls of the arch of the aorta.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 2. ANS: A
Explanation: Blood pressure may vary as much as 20 mm Hg by altering arm position.
For consistency of measures, the patient should be sitting with the arm in a horizontal,
supported position at heart level.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content: Blood
Pressure 3. ANS: B
Explanation: African Americans are at greater risk for high blood pressure as compared to
Caucasians. The rate of hypertension among this group is 44%, which is among the highest in
the world. Between 45 and 64 years of age, the percentage of men and women is comparable;
after that, a much higher percentage of women than men have high blood pressure.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 4. ANS: C
Explanation: Initially, when pressure is applied through the cuff around the patient’s arm, the
blood flow is occluded and no sound is heard through the stethoscope. As the pressure is
gradually released, a series of five phases of sounds can be identified. These sounds are present
form the first systolic reading to the end-diastolic reading.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2 TOP: Content:
Examination 5. ANS: A
Explanation: This patient is at risk for a vascular event (i.e., stroke), based on the following: A
larger percentage of females than males over the age of 64 are known to have hypertension.
Heredity (parental history of high BP) also places the individual at greater risk. Globally, high
systolic BP is seen in 51% of stroke victims and 45% of those with ischemic heart disease.
Having a family history and being a smoker are also risk factors to consider in this decision-
making process.
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2
TOP: Content: Evaluation, Differential Diagnosis, and
Prognosis 6. ANS: C
Explanation: Popliteal aneurysm is the only one of the options consistent with the findings of
easily palpable pulse and low lower extremity blood pressure
PTS: 1 REF: From: Chapter 2
TOP: Content: Evaluation, Differential Diagnosis, and Prognosis
, Test Bank - Physical Rehabilitation 7th Edition (Susan B. O'Sullivan, 2020)
Chapter 3. Examination of Sensory Function
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following BEST describes the appropriate application of algometry assessment as a
tool in Quantitative Sensory Testing?
a. A small rounded 1 cm2 tip is used, which preferentially stimulates cutaneous
receptors.
b. Applying the instrument repeatedly can sensitize the tested tissues; waiting 5
seconds between applications will prevent this issue.
c. Consistent rate of application is important for reliable measurements.
d. The direction of application to the target tissue has no effect on results.
2. Which of the following statements about hyperalgesia is true?
a. Hyperalgesia is defined as decreased pain sensitivity to an applied stimulus.
b. Spread of pain sensitivity that occurs outside the area of damaged tissue due to
neurophysiological mechanisms is called secondary hyperalgesia.
c. Pressure pain threshold is a measure of how much pain an individual can tolerate
during application of the algometer.
d. Nociception and hyperalgesia are equivalent terms.
3. Which of the following statements about allodynia is true?
a. It is measured by applying a cutaneous noxious stimulus.
b. It is defined as the experience of pain when a nonnoxious stimulus is applied.
c. Static cutaneous allodynia is measured by applying a light brushing stimulus on
the skin.
d. It should not be tested with the application of a vibrating tuning fork.
4. In a patient with low back pain that radiates to the knee, what areas of decreased mechanical
detection indicate true radiculopathy?
a. Dermatomal distribution
b. Nondermatomal distribution
c. Sclerotomal distribution
d. Myotomal distribution
5. Which of the following statements regarding thermal quantitative sensory testing is true?
a. Deficits in heat detection threshold are common and deficits in cold detection
threshold are uncommon.
b. Altered thermal quantitative sensory testing may be associated with neuropathic
pain conditions.
c. Heat pain threshold testing elicits a withdrawal response because alpha-delta fibers
are stimulated.
d. Thermal deficits occur exclusively in the distribution of the affected nerve.
