SPEECH PATHOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM 2026
EXAM QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS FULL
SOLUTION VIEW AHEAD
◉ Ankylosis
Answer: Stiffening of the joints the movement of the arytenoids is
restricted because of a bone joint disease such as arthritis:
◉ Spasmodic dysphonia
Answer: Vocal laryngeal dystonia. Has neurogenic causes with
possible emotional side effects. created by intermittent, involuntary,
fleeting vocal fold abduction when patient tries to phonate.
Loudness is reduced
◉ Vocal fold polyps
Answer: Softer than nodules and may be filled with fluid or have
vascular tissue; tend to be unilateral
◉ Ischemic stroke
Answer: Caused by a blocked or interrupted blood flow supply to the
brain; caused by either a thrombus (collection of blood material that
blocks the flow of blood), or an embolus (traveling mass of arterial
,debris or a clump of tissue from a tumor that gets lodged in a
smaller artery and thus blocks the flow of blood
◉ gestural assisted AAC
Answer: Gestures or movements combined with instrument or
display device, run by software, picsyms (graphic symbols to
represent nouns, verbs), pic symbols (drawings on a black
background), blissymbols (semi iconic symbols taught to speakers of
linguistic and cultural background),, sig symbols (ideographic or
pictographic symbols based on ASL, rebuses (pictures represent
events), PECS
◉ Neuro assisted AAC
Answer: biofeedback, use muscle action potentials for activating
messages
◉ behavioral theory
Answer: Theory that sound acquisition is based on conditioning and
learning; child develops adult like speech through interactions of
caregiver
◉ Structural theory
Answer: Theory that phonological development follows innate,
universal and hierarchal order of acquisition of distinctive features
,◉ Natural phonology theory
Answer: Natural phonological processes are innate processes that
simplify an adult like word
◉ class II malocclusion
Answer: Maxilla protruding, and lower jaw receded; overbite
◉ class III malocclusion
Answer: Maxilla receded mandible is protruding
◉ class I malocclusion
Answer: Arches are aligned, but some teeth misaligned
◉ dysarthria
Answer: Motor speech disorder caused by CNS damage, slurred
speech, can be caused by degenerative diseases, neurological
diseases or strokes
◉ dysarthria treatment
Answer: Treatment includes repetitive and structured drill,
increasing muscle tone and strength while treating other factors that
affect intelligibility
, ◉ apraxia
Answer: Caused by CNS damage, difficulty programming and
sequencing articulated speech inconsistent articulation and multiple
errors, poor intelligibility
◉ cluttering treatment
Answer: Treatment includes increasing awareness of speech
problems, maintenance of fluent and articulated speech, reduced
rate of speech to improve clarity and fluency
◉ neurogenic stuttering
Answer: Fluency disorder caused by neuropathology, caused by
strokes, trauma, tumors, brain surgery, dementia, drug toxicity.. etc.
◉ thyroid cartilage
Answer: Largest laryngeal cartilage, called the Adam's apple.
Prominent in men, shields laryngeal structures
◉ arytenoid cartilage
Answer: Shaped like pyramids, most anterior angle of base of
arytenoids the true vocal folds attach at vocal process
◉ corniculate cartilage
Answer: Sit on the apex of arteynoids and are small and cone shaped
EXAM QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS FULL
SOLUTION VIEW AHEAD
◉ Ankylosis
Answer: Stiffening of the joints the movement of the arytenoids is
restricted because of a bone joint disease such as arthritis:
◉ Spasmodic dysphonia
Answer: Vocal laryngeal dystonia. Has neurogenic causes with
possible emotional side effects. created by intermittent, involuntary,
fleeting vocal fold abduction when patient tries to phonate.
Loudness is reduced
◉ Vocal fold polyps
Answer: Softer than nodules and may be filled with fluid or have
vascular tissue; tend to be unilateral
◉ Ischemic stroke
Answer: Caused by a blocked or interrupted blood flow supply to the
brain; caused by either a thrombus (collection of blood material that
blocks the flow of blood), or an embolus (traveling mass of arterial
,debris or a clump of tissue from a tumor that gets lodged in a
smaller artery and thus blocks the flow of blood
◉ gestural assisted AAC
Answer: Gestures or movements combined with instrument or
display device, run by software, picsyms (graphic symbols to
represent nouns, verbs), pic symbols (drawings on a black
background), blissymbols (semi iconic symbols taught to speakers of
linguistic and cultural background),, sig symbols (ideographic or
pictographic symbols based on ASL, rebuses (pictures represent
events), PECS
◉ Neuro assisted AAC
Answer: biofeedback, use muscle action potentials for activating
messages
◉ behavioral theory
Answer: Theory that sound acquisition is based on conditioning and
learning; child develops adult like speech through interactions of
caregiver
◉ Structural theory
Answer: Theory that phonological development follows innate,
universal and hierarchal order of acquisition of distinctive features
,◉ Natural phonology theory
Answer: Natural phonological processes are innate processes that
simplify an adult like word
◉ class II malocclusion
Answer: Maxilla protruding, and lower jaw receded; overbite
◉ class III malocclusion
Answer: Maxilla receded mandible is protruding
◉ class I malocclusion
Answer: Arches are aligned, but some teeth misaligned
◉ dysarthria
Answer: Motor speech disorder caused by CNS damage, slurred
speech, can be caused by degenerative diseases, neurological
diseases or strokes
◉ dysarthria treatment
Answer: Treatment includes repetitive and structured drill,
increasing muscle tone and strength while treating other factors that
affect intelligibility
, ◉ apraxia
Answer: Caused by CNS damage, difficulty programming and
sequencing articulated speech inconsistent articulation and multiple
errors, poor intelligibility
◉ cluttering treatment
Answer: Treatment includes increasing awareness of speech
problems, maintenance of fluent and articulated speech, reduced
rate of speech to improve clarity and fluency
◉ neurogenic stuttering
Answer: Fluency disorder caused by neuropathology, caused by
strokes, trauma, tumors, brain surgery, dementia, drug toxicity.. etc.
◉ thyroid cartilage
Answer: Largest laryngeal cartilage, called the Adam's apple.
Prominent in men, shields laryngeal structures
◉ arytenoid cartilage
Answer: Shaped like pyramids, most anterior angle of base of
arytenoids the true vocal folds attach at vocal process
◉ corniculate cartilage
Answer: Sit on the apex of arteynoids and are small and cone shaped
