Chapter 1: Introduction: The Evolution of Health Informatics Test Bank

Test Bank For Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
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BasedApproach w
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2nd Edition by
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Tagher Knapp zw




Chapters 1 - 34 | All Chapters
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,
,Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis zw zw




1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
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a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. zw zw zw zw zw zw zw




b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. zw zw zw



c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
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d. Give cool, humidifie zw zw


doxygen. ANSWER: D
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Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss from
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tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30- to 40-
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degreeangle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressure
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on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there is a
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secondarybacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is tachypnei
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c, fluids aregiven parenterally to prevent dehydration.
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2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory s
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yncytial virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires
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whattype of isolation?
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a. Reverse isolation zw



b. Airborne isolation zw




c. Contact Precautions zw



d. Standard Precaution zw


sANSWER: C
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RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
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Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the ro
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om. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated gl
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oved hand.Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RSV i
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nfections.
Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, other children
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needto be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
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3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respira
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tion.This suggests what condition?
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a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
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ntrachea ANSWER: A
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Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset, fe
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ver,and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
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, virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe stridor.
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4. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis d
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ue torespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
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a. Activity Intolerance zw



b. Decreased Cardiac Output zw zw



c. Pain, Acute zw



d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral
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)ANS. A
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Rationale 1: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is notusually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected
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wby this respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 2: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
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anddemand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain i
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s not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
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z wthis respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 3: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is notusually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected
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wby this respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 4: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
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anddemand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain i
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s not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
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zwthis respiratory-disease process.
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Global Rationale: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxyge
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n supply and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiol
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itis. Pain is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not
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waffectedby this respiratory-disease process.
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Chapter 2: Asthma zw zw




1. The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized for status asthmaticus. Which assess
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mentfinding suggests that the childs condition is worsening?
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a. Hypoventilation
b. Thirst
c. Bradycardia
d. Clubbing