ATI GAS EXCHANGE AND OXYGENATION test
questions and CORRECT Answers
what is the function of the pharynx? - CORRECT ANSWERS warm, filter, and humidify air taken
in through the nose and mouth
what structures consist of the upper airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS pharynx and larynx
what structures consist of the lower airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS trachea, bronchi,
bronchioles, and alveoli
what structure is primarily responsible for gas exchange? - CORRECT ANSWERS the lungs
what is the route of the body's airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS mouth/nose
naso/oro-pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
what keeps the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation? - CORRECT ANSWERS surfactant
when does atelactasis most commonly occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS in the setting of thoracic
or abdominal surgery
-general anesthesia or opioids leads to slow, unproductive breathing that prevents the exchange of
gases
what structures are involved in gas exchange? - CORRECT ANSWERS bronchioles and alveoli
-the large airways and bronchioles deliver gas to the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries (located in
the walls of the alveoli) through diffusion
, ventilation - CORRECT ANSWERS the flow of air inside or outside of the alveoli
-oxygen is transported in and carbon dioxide is taken out
perfusion - CORRECT ANSWERS the flow of blood into the alveolar capillaries, to the heart, and
then out to the rest of the body
-deoxygenated blood is exchanged for oxygenated blood
-oxygenated blood is directed into the capillaries and deoxygenated blood is returned to the lungs
what structure monitors the body's oxygen demand and CO2 levels? - CORRECT
ANSWERS brainstem
-signals the respiratory system to respond to excesses or under-supply.
what regulates respirations? - CORRECT ANSWERS central and peripheral chemoreceptors
located in the medulla oblongata within the brainstem and in the aortic arch/carotid
lung compliance - CORRECT ANSWERS the point to which a lung can expand in response to
increased pressure within the alveoli (interalveolar)
what diseases affect lung compliance? - CORRECT ANSWERS emphysema, COPD, pulmonary
fibrosis and atelectasis
diastole - CORRECT ANSWERS relaxation phase of the heartbeat
-valves allow blood flow from atria to relaxed ventricles
systole - CORRECT ANSWERS pulmonary and aortic valves open and allow blood flow from
ventricles
S1 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWERS closure of AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) during systole
S2 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWERS Closure of the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic)
heart murmur - CORRECT ANSWERS a blowing or whooshing sound produced when back flow
of blood through the valve occurs
questions and CORRECT Answers
what is the function of the pharynx? - CORRECT ANSWERS warm, filter, and humidify air taken
in through the nose and mouth
what structures consist of the upper airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS pharynx and larynx
what structures consist of the lower airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS trachea, bronchi,
bronchioles, and alveoli
what structure is primarily responsible for gas exchange? - CORRECT ANSWERS the lungs
what is the route of the body's airway? - CORRECT ANSWERS mouth/nose
naso/oro-pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
what keeps the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation? - CORRECT ANSWERS surfactant
when does atelactasis most commonly occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS in the setting of thoracic
or abdominal surgery
-general anesthesia or opioids leads to slow, unproductive breathing that prevents the exchange of
gases
what structures are involved in gas exchange? - CORRECT ANSWERS bronchioles and alveoli
-the large airways and bronchioles deliver gas to the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries (located in
the walls of the alveoli) through diffusion
, ventilation - CORRECT ANSWERS the flow of air inside or outside of the alveoli
-oxygen is transported in and carbon dioxide is taken out
perfusion - CORRECT ANSWERS the flow of blood into the alveolar capillaries, to the heart, and
then out to the rest of the body
-deoxygenated blood is exchanged for oxygenated blood
-oxygenated blood is directed into the capillaries and deoxygenated blood is returned to the lungs
what structure monitors the body's oxygen demand and CO2 levels? - CORRECT
ANSWERS brainstem
-signals the respiratory system to respond to excesses or under-supply.
what regulates respirations? - CORRECT ANSWERS central and peripheral chemoreceptors
located in the medulla oblongata within the brainstem and in the aortic arch/carotid
lung compliance - CORRECT ANSWERS the point to which a lung can expand in response to
increased pressure within the alveoli (interalveolar)
what diseases affect lung compliance? - CORRECT ANSWERS emphysema, COPD, pulmonary
fibrosis and atelectasis
diastole - CORRECT ANSWERS relaxation phase of the heartbeat
-valves allow blood flow from atria to relaxed ventricles
systole - CORRECT ANSWERS pulmonary and aortic valves open and allow blood flow from
ventricles
S1 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWERS closure of AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) during systole
S2 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWERS Closure of the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic)
heart murmur - CORRECT ANSWERS a blowing or whooshing sound produced when back flow
of blood through the valve occurs
