USMLE STEP 1 PHARMACOLOGY QUIZ BANK
EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS|
CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION | ALREADY
GRADED A+|EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS 2026
Toxicity of β-blockers
-Impotence, cardiovascular adverse effects (bradycardia, AV block, HF), CNS adverse
effects (seizures, sedation, sleep alterations), dyslipidemia (metoprolol), and
asthma/COPD exacerbations
-Avoid in cocaine users due to risk of unopposed α-adrenergic receptor agonist activity
-Despite theoretical concern of masking hypoglycemia in diabetics, benefits likely
outweigh risks; not contraindicated
Acetaminophen toxicity antidote
N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)
AChE inhibitor/organophosphate toxicity antidote
Atropine > pralidoxime
Amphetamines toxicity antidote
NH4Cl (acidify urine)
Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents toxicity antidote
Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia
Benzodiasepines toxicity antidote
Flumazenil
β-blocker toxicity antidote
1|Page
,Glucagon
Carbon monoxide toxicity antidote
100% O2, hyperbaric O2 Penicillamine
Cyanide toxicity antidote
Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin
Digitalis toxicity antidote
Anti-dig Fab fragments
Heparine toxicity antidote
Protamine sulfate
Iron toxicity antidote
Deferoxamine, deferasirox
Lead toxicity antidote
EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
Mercury, arsenic, gold toxicity antidote
Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
Copper, arsenic, gold toxicity antidote
Penicillamine
Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze) toxicity antidote
Fomepizole > ethanol, dialysis
Methemoglobin toxicity antidote
Methylene blue, vitamin C
Opioids toxicity antidote
Naloxone, naltrexone
2|Page
,Salicylates toxicity antidote
NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis
TCAs toxicity antidote
NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)
tPA, streptokinase, urokinase toxicity antidote
Aminocaproic acid
Warfarin toxicity antidote
Vitamin K (delayed effect), fresh frozen plasma (immediate)
Drugs that cause coronary vasospasm
Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids
Drugs that cause cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers (VANC)
Drugs that cause dilated cardiomyopathy
Anthracyclines (e.g., doxorubicin, daunorubicin); prevent with dexrazoxane
Drugs that cause Torsades de pointes
Class III (e.g., sotalol) and class IA (e.g., quinidine) antiarrhythmics, macrolide
antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs
Drugs that cause adrenocortical insufficiency
HPA suppression 2° to glucocorticoid withdrawal
Drugs that cause hot flashes
Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Drugs that cause hyperglycemia
Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ,
Corticosteroids
3|Page
, Drugs that cause hypothyroidism
Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
Drugs that cause acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Erythromycin
Drugs that cause diarrhea
Metformin, Erythromycin, Colchicine, Orlistat,
Acarbose
Drugs that cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap
mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
Drugs that cause hepatitis
Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, statins, fibrates
Drugs that cause pancreatitis
Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproicacid,
Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)
Drugs that cause pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins
Drugs that cause agranulocytosis
Ganciclovir, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil
Drugs that cause aplastic anemia
Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil
Drugs that cause direct Coombs- positive hemolytic anemia
Methyldopa, penicillin
Drugs that cause gray baby syndrome
4|Page
EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS|
CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION | ALREADY
GRADED A+|EXPERT VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS 2026
Toxicity of β-blockers
-Impotence, cardiovascular adverse effects (bradycardia, AV block, HF), CNS adverse
effects (seizures, sedation, sleep alterations), dyslipidemia (metoprolol), and
asthma/COPD exacerbations
-Avoid in cocaine users due to risk of unopposed α-adrenergic receptor agonist activity
-Despite theoretical concern of masking hypoglycemia in diabetics, benefits likely
outweigh risks; not contraindicated
Acetaminophen toxicity antidote
N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)
AChE inhibitor/organophosphate toxicity antidote
Atropine > pralidoxime
Amphetamines toxicity antidote
NH4Cl (acidify urine)
Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents toxicity antidote
Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia
Benzodiasepines toxicity antidote
Flumazenil
β-blocker toxicity antidote
1|Page
,Glucagon
Carbon monoxide toxicity antidote
100% O2, hyperbaric O2 Penicillamine
Cyanide toxicity antidote
Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin
Digitalis toxicity antidote
Anti-dig Fab fragments
Heparine toxicity antidote
Protamine sulfate
Iron toxicity antidote
Deferoxamine, deferasirox
Lead toxicity antidote
EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
Mercury, arsenic, gold toxicity antidote
Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
Copper, arsenic, gold toxicity antidote
Penicillamine
Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze) toxicity antidote
Fomepizole > ethanol, dialysis
Methemoglobin toxicity antidote
Methylene blue, vitamin C
Opioids toxicity antidote
Naloxone, naltrexone
2|Page
,Salicylates toxicity antidote
NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis
TCAs toxicity antidote
NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)
tPA, streptokinase, urokinase toxicity antidote
Aminocaproic acid
Warfarin toxicity antidote
Vitamin K (delayed effect), fresh frozen plasma (immediate)
Drugs that cause coronary vasospasm
Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids
Drugs that cause cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers (VANC)
Drugs that cause dilated cardiomyopathy
Anthracyclines (e.g., doxorubicin, daunorubicin); prevent with dexrazoxane
Drugs that cause Torsades de pointes
Class III (e.g., sotalol) and class IA (e.g., quinidine) antiarrhythmics, macrolide
antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs
Drugs that cause adrenocortical insufficiency
HPA suppression 2° to glucocorticoid withdrawal
Drugs that cause hot flashes
Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Drugs that cause hyperglycemia
Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ,
Corticosteroids
3|Page
, Drugs that cause hypothyroidism
Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
Drugs that cause acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Erythromycin
Drugs that cause diarrhea
Metformin, Erythromycin, Colchicine, Orlistat,
Acarbose
Drugs that cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap
mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
Drugs that cause hepatitis
Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, statins, fibrates
Drugs that cause pancreatitis
Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproicacid,
Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)
Drugs that cause pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins
Drugs that cause agranulocytosis
Ganciclovir, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil
Drugs that cause aplastic anemia
Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil
Drugs that cause direct Coombs- positive hemolytic anemia
Methyldopa, penicillin
Drugs that cause gray baby syndrome
4|Page
