lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
NRNP 6635 MID-TERM STUDY GUIDE
• Pathophysiology neurotransmitter involvement with
mental health disorders
Neurotransmitt Patho Low High D/O Meds
er
Acetycholine It’s an Anxiety Insomnia Schizo Cholinergics-
excitatory Depression Giddiness ADHD Reminyl,
neurotransmitt Aricept
Reactivity to Confusion Depression
er. AChEIs-
stress Drowsiness
binds to Aricept,
muscarinic Paralysis Exelon,
receptors Razadyne
(muscle
contraction)
binds to
nicotinic
receptors
(Activates your
sympathetic
system with the
release of
norepinephrine
and adrenaline)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
Dopamine Tiredness Euphoria Depression Valbenazine-
Unmotivatio Energization Low dopamine Tourette’s
n levels can cause Huntingtons
Reward system High sex
Unhappines drive symptoms TD
s associated with Dopamine
Trouble
Memory sleeping depression. agonists-
loss Schizophrenia Mirapex,
Poor impulse
Having too much requip,
Mood control
or too little Neupro
swings Aggression
dopamine in 2nd gen AP-
Sleep Anxiety some parts of the risperidone
problems
Hallucination brain can lead to
Onlanzapine
Concentrati s schizophrenia.
on problems Quetiapine
ADHD
Low sex Aripiprazole
Dopamine
drive imbalances are Dop
Brain fog related to ADHD. Reuptake
Methylphenidate Inhibitors-
Muscle
(Ritalin) treats Wellbutrin,
spasms
ADHD by Provigil,
increasing the Cogentin
amount of
dopamine in the
body.
Parkinson's
disease
In Parkinson's
disease, there is
not enough
dopamine in the
areas of the brain
important for
movement.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
Endorphins Endorphins Body aches emotional Pain SSRIs- Celexa,
bind to and pains numbing Anxiety Lexapro,
mureceptors, Sleep Prozac, Paxil,
Blocks GABA Stress
blocking the difficulties Zoloft
release of Depression
Anxiety SNRIs-
gamma- Cymbalta,
aminobutyric Impulsivene
Effexor,
acid (GABA), an ss
Pristiq
inhibitory Addiction
Buproprion-
neurotransmitt
Wellbutrin
er. This
After a Remeron
increases the
period of
production of
high
dopamine, a
endorphin
neurotransmitt
release,
er associated
such as in
with reward
response to
learning.
trauma,
there may
be a period
of
endorphin
withdrawal.
This can lead
to
physiological
hyperactivity
, depression,
and
irritability
Epinephrine Epinephrine is Changes in Headaches Post-traumatic SSRIs- Prozac,
a blood Difficulty stress disorder Paxil, Zoloft
sympathomime pressure concentratin Epinephrine may SNRIs-
fight-or-flight
tic Changes in g and contribute to the Cymbalta,
response
catecholamine heart rate persistence of
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
that exerts its Low blood remembering traumatic memories in Effexor XR
pharmacologic sugar, or Muscle post-traumatic stress Benzos-
effects on both hypoglycemi soreness disorder. Xanax,
alpha and a Depression Klonopin
Unexplained
betaadrenergic Migraine weight loss Evidence suggests that Beta
receptors headaches
Heart the Blockers-
using a G
Problems epinephrineinnervated Propranolol,
proteinlinked damage
sleeping α1adrenergic system is Inderal
second Insomnia
impaired in Antipsychotic
messenger Jittery, depression. s
system. nervous Antidepressant agents
feeling may be able to restore
or enhance the
function of this system
GABA regulates Anxiousness poor Bipolar Benzos-
helps the nerve cell Sad feelings cognition Autisim Valium,
brain activity and and difficulty Xanax
Mood MDD
slow down reducing concentratin Barbituates
swings Anxiety and mood
and relax neuronal g
Poor sleep disorders: GABA helps Vigabatrin
for sleep, excitability
Difficulty calm the nervous Flumazenil
and
concentratin system and process Gabapentin
regulates
g sensory input. Low
rapid eye SSRIs
GABA
movement Memory Ambien
levels are associated
(REM) and difficulties
with anxiety and
non-REM
mood disorders.
sleep
Schizophrenia: Low
GABA
activity is associated
with schizophrenia.
Autism spectrum
disorder (ASD): Low
GABA
activity is associated
with ASD.
Depression: Low
GABA activity is
NRNP 6635 MID-TERM STUDY GUIDE
• Pathophysiology neurotransmitter involvement with
mental health disorders
Neurotransmitt Patho Low High D/O Meds
er
Acetycholine It’s an Anxiety Insomnia Schizo Cholinergics-
excitatory Depression Giddiness ADHD Reminyl,
neurotransmitt Aricept
Reactivity to Confusion Depression
er. AChEIs-
stress Drowsiness
binds to Aricept,
muscarinic Paralysis Exelon,
receptors Razadyne
(muscle
contraction)
binds to
nicotinic
receptors
(Activates your
sympathetic
system with the
release of
norepinephrine
and adrenaline)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
Dopamine Tiredness Euphoria Depression Valbenazine-
Unmotivatio Energization Low dopamine Tourette’s
n levels can cause Huntingtons
Reward system High sex
Unhappines drive symptoms TD
s associated with Dopamine
Trouble
Memory sleeping depression. agonists-
loss Schizophrenia Mirapex,
Poor impulse
Having too much requip,
Mood control
or too little Neupro
swings Aggression
dopamine in 2nd gen AP-
Sleep Anxiety some parts of the risperidone
problems
Hallucination brain can lead to
Onlanzapine
Concentrati s schizophrenia.
on problems Quetiapine
ADHD
Low sex Aripiprazole
Dopamine
drive imbalances are Dop
Brain fog related to ADHD. Reuptake
Methylphenidate Inhibitors-
Muscle
(Ritalin) treats Wellbutrin,
spasms
ADHD by Provigil,
increasing the Cogentin
amount of
dopamine in the
body.
Parkinson's
disease
In Parkinson's
disease, there is
not enough
dopamine in the
areas of the brain
important for
movement.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
Endorphins Endorphins Body aches emotional Pain SSRIs- Celexa,
bind to and pains numbing Anxiety Lexapro,
mureceptors, Sleep Prozac, Paxil,
Blocks GABA Stress
blocking the difficulties Zoloft
release of Depression
Anxiety SNRIs-
gamma- Cymbalta,
aminobutyric Impulsivene
Effexor,
acid (GABA), an ss
Pristiq
inhibitory Addiction
Buproprion-
neurotransmitt
Wellbutrin
er. This
After a Remeron
increases the
period of
production of
high
dopamine, a
endorphin
neurotransmitt
release,
er associated
such as in
with reward
response to
learning.
trauma,
there may
be a period
of
endorphin
withdrawal.
This can lead
to
physiological
hyperactivity
, depression,
and
irritability
Epinephrine Epinephrine is Changes in Headaches Post-traumatic SSRIs- Prozac,
a blood Difficulty stress disorder Paxil, Zoloft
sympathomime pressure concentratin Epinephrine may SNRIs-
fight-or-flight
tic Changes in g and contribute to the Cymbalta,
response
catecholamine heart rate persistence of
, lOMoAR cPSD| 66549320
that exerts its Low blood remembering traumatic memories in Effexor XR
pharmacologic sugar, or Muscle post-traumatic stress Benzos-
effects on both hypoglycemi soreness disorder. Xanax,
alpha and a Depression Klonopin
Unexplained
betaadrenergic Migraine weight loss Evidence suggests that Beta
receptors headaches
Heart the Blockers-
using a G
Problems epinephrineinnervated Propranolol,
proteinlinked damage
sleeping α1adrenergic system is Inderal
second Insomnia
impaired in Antipsychotic
messenger Jittery, depression. s
system. nervous Antidepressant agents
feeling may be able to restore
or enhance the
function of this system
GABA regulates Anxiousness poor Bipolar Benzos-
helps the nerve cell Sad feelings cognition Autisim Valium,
brain activity and and difficulty Xanax
Mood MDD
slow down reducing concentratin Barbituates
swings Anxiety and mood
and relax neuronal g
Poor sleep disorders: GABA helps Vigabatrin
for sleep, excitability
Difficulty calm the nervous Flumazenil
and
concentratin system and process Gabapentin
regulates
g sensory input. Low
rapid eye SSRIs
GABA
movement Memory Ambien
levels are associated
(REM) and difficulties
with anxiety and
non-REM
mood disorders.
sleep
Schizophrenia: Low
GABA
activity is associated
with schizophrenia.
Autism spectrum
disorder (ASD): Low
GABA
activity is associated
with ASD.
Depression: Low
GABA activity is
