LeMone and Burke's Medical-Surgical Nursing

LEMONE AND BURKE'S MEDICAL-
SURGICAL NURSING
CLINICAL REASONING IN PATIENT CARE
7TH EDITION
 AUTHOR(S)GERENE BAULDOFF RN,
PHD, FAAN; PAULA GUBRUD;
MARGARET CARNO



TEST BANK

Question 1 (MCQ)
Clinical Scenario
A newly licensed nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-
surgical unit. During morning rounds, the nurse identifies that
one patient has increasing shortness of breath and a declining
oxygen saturation level.

,Question Stem
Which nursing competency is most directly demonstrated when
the nurse recognizes the patient's deterioration and initiates
timely interventions?
Answer Options
A. Informatics
B. Clinical judgment
C. Care coordination
D. Professional identity
Correct Answer
B. Clinical judgment
Detailed Rationale
Clinical judgment involves recognizing cues, analyzing patient
data, prioritizing concerns, and taking appropriate action. Early
recognition of worsening respiratory status and prompt
intervention reflect sound clinical judgment and promote
patient safety.
Incorrect Option Analysis
A. Informatics
 Involves use of technology and information systems.
 Does not primarily describe recognizing deterioration.
C. Care coordination
 Focuses on organizing services across providers.

,  Not the primary competency demonstrated.
D. Professional identity
 Refers to professional values and behaviors.
 Does not specifically address patient assessment and
action.
Nursing Process Linkage
Assessment
NCJMM Competencies
 Recognize Cues
 Analyze Cues
 Take Action
Clinical Reasoning Focus
Cue Recognition
Difficulty Level
Easy
Bloom's Level
Apply
NCLEX Client Needs
Physiological Adaptation
Key Learning Objective

, Apply clinical judgment to identify patient deterioration and
initiate timely nursing actions.


Question 2 (MCQ)
Clinical Scenario
A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with heart
failure. The nurse reviews current evidence-based guidelines
before providing education.
Question Stem
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Answer Options
A. Replace clinical expertise with research findings
B. Standardize care regardless of patient preference
C. Integrate best evidence, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences
D. Eliminate variation in healthcare delivery
Correct Answer
C. Integrate best evidence, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences
Detailed Rationale
EBP combines current research evidence, clinician expertise,
and patient values to support optimal healthcare decisions.
Incorrect Option Analysis