MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION GRADED A+ STUDY GUIDE

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWER WITH EXPLANATION GRADED A+
STUDY GUIDE SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
1. Molecular biology is the study of:
A. Biological molecules and genetic processes
B. Rocks and minerals
C. Weather systems
D. Planetary motion
Answer: A
Rationale: Molecular biology focuses on DNA, RNA, and proteins.

2. DNA stands for:
A. Deoxyribonucleic acid
B. Dynamic ribonucleic acid
C. Double nucleic acid
D. Digital nucleic acid
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA carries genetic information.

3. The building blocks of DNA are called:
A. Nucleotides
B. Amino acids
C. Fatty acids
D. Monosaccharides
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA is composed of nucleotide units.

4. A nucleotide contains:
A. Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
B. Protein and lipid
C. Amino acid and glucose
D. Fatty acid and phosphate
Answer: A
Rationale: Standard nucleotide structure.

5. The sugar in DNA is:
A. Deoxyribose

, B. Ribose
C. Glucose
D. Fructose
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA contains deoxyribose sugar.

6. The nitrogen bases in DNA include:
A. Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
B. Adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
C. Glucose and fructose
D. Proteins only
Answer: A
Rationale: Four DNA bases.

7. Adenine pairs with:
A. Thymine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Uracil
Answer: A
Rationale: Complementary base pairing.

8. Cytosine pairs with:
A. Guanine
B. Adenine
C. Thymine
D. Uracil
Answer: A
Rationale: Standard DNA pairing rule.

9. DNA structure is described as a:
A. Double helix
B. Triple strand
C. Single ring
D. Protein chain
Answer: A
Rationale: Watson and Crick model.

10. Scientists who proposed the DNA double helix were:
A. Watson and Crick

, B. Darwin and Mendel
C. Pasteur and Hooke
D. Franklin and Newton
Answer: A
Rationale: Developed DNA structure model.

11. DNA replication is:
A. Copying of DNA
B. Protein digestion
C. ATP breakdown
D. Cell respiration
Answer: A
Rationale: Produces identical DNA copies.

12. DNA replication occurs during:
A. S phase of cell cycle
B. Mitosis only
C. Cytokinesis
D. Translation
Answer: A
Rationale: DNA synthesis stage.

13. DNA helicase functions to:
A. Unwind DNA strands
B. Join DNA fragments
C. Build proteins
D. Cut RNA
Answer: A
Rationale: Separates DNA strands.

14. DNA polymerase synthesizes:
A. New DNA strands
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. ATP only
Answer: A
Rationale: Adds nucleotides during replication.

15. DNA ligase functions to:
A. Join DNA fragments