BIOL 230 Athabasca Unit 1 2026 Question
and Answer | Real Questions and Answers |
A+ Verified
• emergent properties -✓✓In a complex hierarchy such as the body's
organizational plan, as
each level gives rise to the next highest level, new properties emerge
that are not present at the levels below
• Metabolism: -✓✓The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in
the body (catabolism "breakdown" eg fat breakdown by the gall bladder,
anabolism "build up" eg amino acids
• Responsiveness: -✓✓: Is the bodies ability to detect and respond to
changes. Eg the body regulates body temperature, which Is why you
shiver when you get cold (Internal). External factor would be protecting
your face when you see a ball coming at you (external)
• Movement: -✓✓Includes motion of the whole body, organs, single
cells, and tiny structures inside of cell
• Growth: -✓✓Is an increase in body size that results from an increase
in the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells or both.
• Differentiation: -✓✓Is the development of a cell from an
unspecialized to a specialized state. Each type of cell in the body has a
specialized structure and function that differs from that of its precursor
(ancestor) cells. For example, erythrocytes (red blood cells) and several
types of leukocytes all arise from the same unspecialized precursor cells
in bone marrow.
,• Stem cells : -✓✓Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to cells
that undergo differentiation.
• Reproduction: -✓✓Refers to the formation of new cells for tissue
growth, repair, or replacement. Or the production of a new individual
• Homeostasis -✓✓The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in
the body's internal environment
• Intracellular fluid: -✓✓The fluid within cells compromises 2/3 of total
body fluid
• Extracellular fluid: -✓✓The fluid that is outside of the cells which
compromises the other 1/3 of the body and is composed 80%
intercellular fluid (inbetween cells) and 20 % plasma
• Interstitial fluid: -✓✓The fluid the fills the narrow spaces between the
cells
• Plasma: -✓✓The fluid portion of blood
• Homeostasis: -✓✓The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in
the body's internal environment
• Steady state: -✓✓energy is needed to keep the regulated parameter at
a relatively constant level
• Equilibrium: -✓✓conditions remain constant without the expenditure
of energy
• Feedback system -✓✓: is a cycle of events in which a parameter of the
internal environment is monitored, evaluated,changed, remonitored,
reevaluated, and so on.
, • Stimulus: -✓✓Any disruption that changes a controlled variable is
called a stimulus.
• Receptor: -✓✓: a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled
variable and sends input to a control center.
• Negative feed back system: -✓✓Reverses a change in a controlled
variable
• Baroreceptors: -✓✓the receptors), pressure sensitive neurons located
in the walls of certain blood vessels, detect the higher pressure. These
neurons send action potentials (input) to the brain (control center)
• Positive Feedback system: -✓✓strengthens or reinforces a change in a
controlled variable. A positive feedback system operates similarly to a
negative feedback system except for theway the response affects the
controlled variable.
• Control Center -✓✓determines the narrow range or set point within
which a controlled variable should be maintained, output from the
control center typically occurs as action potentials, or hormones or other
chemical signals.
• Effector: -✓✓a body structure that receives output from the control
center and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled
variable. Nearly every organ or tissue in the body can behaveas an
effector
• Feedforward control -✓✓Events occur in anticipation of a change in a
controlled variable
• Disorder: -✓✓any abnormality of structure or function
and Answer | Real Questions and Answers |
A+ Verified
• emergent properties -✓✓In a complex hierarchy such as the body's
organizational plan, as
each level gives rise to the next highest level, new properties emerge
that are not present at the levels below
• Metabolism: -✓✓The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in
the body (catabolism "breakdown" eg fat breakdown by the gall bladder,
anabolism "build up" eg amino acids
• Responsiveness: -✓✓: Is the bodies ability to detect and respond to
changes. Eg the body regulates body temperature, which Is why you
shiver when you get cold (Internal). External factor would be protecting
your face when you see a ball coming at you (external)
• Movement: -✓✓Includes motion of the whole body, organs, single
cells, and tiny structures inside of cell
• Growth: -✓✓Is an increase in body size that results from an increase
in the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells or both.
• Differentiation: -✓✓Is the development of a cell from an
unspecialized to a specialized state. Each type of cell in the body has a
specialized structure and function that differs from that of its precursor
(ancestor) cells. For example, erythrocytes (red blood cells) and several
types of leukocytes all arise from the same unspecialized precursor cells
in bone marrow.
,• Stem cells : -✓✓Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to cells
that undergo differentiation.
• Reproduction: -✓✓Refers to the formation of new cells for tissue
growth, repair, or replacement. Or the production of a new individual
• Homeostasis -✓✓The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in
the body's internal environment
• Intracellular fluid: -✓✓The fluid within cells compromises 2/3 of total
body fluid
• Extracellular fluid: -✓✓The fluid that is outside of the cells which
compromises the other 1/3 of the body and is composed 80%
intercellular fluid (inbetween cells) and 20 % plasma
• Interstitial fluid: -✓✓The fluid the fills the narrow spaces between the
cells
• Plasma: -✓✓The fluid portion of blood
• Homeostasis: -✓✓The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in
the body's internal environment
• Steady state: -✓✓energy is needed to keep the regulated parameter at
a relatively constant level
• Equilibrium: -✓✓conditions remain constant without the expenditure
of energy
• Feedback system -✓✓: is a cycle of events in which a parameter of the
internal environment is monitored, evaluated,changed, remonitored,
reevaluated, and so on.
, • Stimulus: -✓✓Any disruption that changes a controlled variable is
called a stimulus.
• Receptor: -✓✓: a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled
variable and sends input to a control center.
• Negative feed back system: -✓✓Reverses a change in a controlled
variable
• Baroreceptors: -✓✓the receptors), pressure sensitive neurons located
in the walls of certain blood vessels, detect the higher pressure. These
neurons send action potentials (input) to the brain (control center)
• Positive Feedback system: -✓✓strengthens or reinforces a change in a
controlled variable. A positive feedback system operates similarly to a
negative feedback system except for theway the response affects the
controlled variable.
• Control Center -✓✓determines the narrow range or set point within
which a controlled variable should be maintained, output from the
control center typically occurs as action potentials, or hormones or other
chemical signals.
• Effector: -✓✓a body structure that receives output from the control
center and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled
variable. Nearly every organ or tissue in the body can behaveas an
effector
• Feedforward control -✓✓Events occur in anticipation of a change in a
controlled variable
• Disorder: -✓✓any abnormality of structure or function
