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The nurse reviews laboratory results indicating an Acute-Phase
Response. Which plasma protein, produced by the liver,
increases in circulation and can cause red blood cell stacking
(rouleaux)?
A. C-reactive proteins (CRPs).
B. Fibrinogen.
C. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs).
D. Tissue Factor (TF).
B. Fibrinogen.
,The clinical assessment of systemic acute-phase responses
includes monitoring:
A. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
B. Hyperthermia (fever).
C. Decreased production of leukocytes.
D. Increased appetite.
B. Hyperthermia (fever).
Which major cell population is characteristic of Chronic
Inflammation?
A. Neutrophils.
B. Monocytes and Band cells.
C. Macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblasts.
D. Endothelial cells and mast cells.
C. Macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblasts.
Macrophages are critical in chronic inflammation for:
A. Causing acute pain (dolor).
B. Acting as primary cells during the vascular phase.
C. Debridement (removing necrotic tissue).
D. Forming foam cells via scavenging unmodified LDLs.
C. Debridement (removing necrotic tissue).
, The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is initiated by the activation or
dysfunction of the endothelium caused by which risk factors?
A. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels.
B. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels.
C. Low homocysteine (Hcy) levels.
D. Lack of T-lymphocyte migration.
A. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels.
The systemic response in acute inflammation includes
Leukocytosis, which is defined as:
A. Muscle breakdown to provide amino acids.
B. Red blood cell stacking (rouleaux).
C. An increase in circulating white blood cells (WBCs).
D. Increased platelet aggregation.
C. An increase in circulating white blood cells (WBCs).