NH PESTICIDE - ROW – B QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Chapter 2
Ways you may be exposed to pesticide - Answers - -Dermal -Eye -Respiratory
When is a formal respiratory program needed - Answers - -When respirators are used -
Must include all requirements outlined in OSHA respiratory protection standard
Problems caused by lateral movement of soil-active herbicides - Answers - -Particularly
bare-ground treatment -Lateral movement may cause excessive destruction of
vegetation and result in soil erosion or cause injury to desirable vegetation -On sloped
areas = erosion -Injury to adjacent areas
Precautions to consider when treating aquatic sites - Answers - -Use herbicides labeled
for that purpose -Avoid drift -Keep spray out of water -Keep buffer adjacent to aquatic
site -Be alert to lateral movement or runoff -Need special permit
List concerns of livestock owners when ROW crosses pasture land - Answers - -
Herbicide residue will poison livestock -Active ingredient could appear in meat or milk
making commodities unsellable -Overspray and drift -Make sure pesticide is labeled for
use in pasture -Do no apply if labeled for non-crop areas -Be aware of re-entry times -
Wild cherry becomes poisonous after spraying, needs to be fully removed
Recognize proper methods of preventing back-siphoning of pesticide into water -
Answers - -Use separate pump with check valves -Don't let filler hose dip into tank -Use
back flow devices -Don't use water source used for domestic purposes or watering
livestock
Recognize features of sprayer filling station selected to minimize spills and
contamination - Answers - -Designed to minimize problems -Not located on pond or
stream -Area slopped away from surface water -Triple rinse containers
Identify who is responsible for cleaning up pesticide spill - Answers - The applicator
Methods for cleaning a spill and decontaminating spill area - Answers - -PPE -Contain
spill -Isolate area -Call appropriate emergency response -If pest. in soil, remove upper
layer -Can use activated charcoal
Chapter 3
Overspray - Answers - When pesticide is applied directly outside of target area
, Problems that arise because of drift - Answers - -Damage to non-target plants -
Contaminate surface waters -Harm wild or domestic animals or people -Legal matters -
Reputation -Costs
Particle Drift - Answers - -At time of application, small particles move from target area
Vapor Drift - Answers - -Spray turns to gas and fumes and move from target area
5 Factors that increase particle drift - Answers - -Droplet size decrease -Wind speed
increase -Nozzle height increase -Temp increase -Humidity decrease
Most important factor affecting particle drift - Answers - -Spray droplet size
Discuss effects of air stability and temp inversions on particle drift - Answers - -Don't
affect drift directly but provide conditions where it is more likely to occur -Air stability is
warmed at the plant surface and rises causing currents to move droplets upward. Wind
then moves them off site. -Layer of warm air is sandwiched between layers of cold
caused by rapid cooling of plant surface. Lost heat radiates upward causing air to be
warmer above surface. Inversion indicated by fog or smoke at ground level
Clues that suggest temperature inversion - Answers - -Ground fog or smoke that move
laterally in concentrated cloud instead of moving upward and dissapating. -Common on
clear, calm nights, and last into the morning
Factors that increase particle drift also increase vapor drift - Answers - -Particle size,
temp, wind
Effects of pesticide, temperature and soil moisture on vapor drift - Answers - -Volatility
increase w temperature increase -Wet soil increases rate of volatization and decreases
effectiveness of incorporation
State first rule of drift management - Answers - -Know when not to spray
Discuss site conditions before deciding to spray - Answers - -Weather -Sensitive areas -
Sprayer setup:drop size, nozzle type, distance to target -Assess risks:Likelihood of drift,
pesticide factors, consequence of drift
3 ways to widen window of application for spraying - Answers - -Pest detection: scout
and map, help with being patient with application -Flexible IVM plant can give wider
range of choices -Buffer zones: areas between target and sensitive areas
2 main considerations for reducing drift - Answers - -Use lowest nozzle distance that
provides uniform coverage -Apply coarsest droplet size spectrum that provides sufficient
coverage
ANSWERS
Chapter 2
Ways you may be exposed to pesticide - Answers - -Dermal -Eye -Respiratory
When is a formal respiratory program needed - Answers - -When respirators are used -
Must include all requirements outlined in OSHA respiratory protection standard
Problems caused by lateral movement of soil-active herbicides - Answers - -Particularly
bare-ground treatment -Lateral movement may cause excessive destruction of
vegetation and result in soil erosion or cause injury to desirable vegetation -On sloped
areas = erosion -Injury to adjacent areas
Precautions to consider when treating aquatic sites - Answers - -Use herbicides labeled
for that purpose -Avoid drift -Keep spray out of water -Keep buffer adjacent to aquatic
site -Be alert to lateral movement or runoff -Need special permit
List concerns of livestock owners when ROW crosses pasture land - Answers - -
Herbicide residue will poison livestock -Active ingredient could appear in meat or milk
making commodities unsellable -Overspray and drift -Make sure pesticide is labeled for
use in pasture -Do no apply if labeled for non-crop areas -Be aware of re-entry times -
Wild cherry becomes poisonous after spraying, needs to be fully removed
Recognize proper methods of preventing back-siphoning of pesticide into water -
Answers - -Use separate pump with check valves -Don't let filler hose dip into tank -Use
back flow devices -Don't use water source used for domestic purposes or watering
livestock
Recognize features of sprayer filling station selected to minimize spills and
contamination - Answers - -Designed to minimize problems -Not located on pond or
stream -Area slopped away from surface water -Triple rinse containers
Identify who is responsible for cleaning up pesticide spill - Answers - The applicator
Methods for cleaning a spill and decontaminating spill area - Answers - -PPE -Contain
spill -Isolate area -Call appropriate emergency response -If pest. in soil, remove upper
layer -Can use activated charcoal
Chapter 3
Overspray - Answers - When pesticide is applied directly outside of target area
, Problems that arise because of drift - Answers - -Damage to non-target plants -
Contaminate surface waters -Harm wild or domestic animals or people -Legal matters -
Reputation -Costs
Particle Drift - Answers - -At time of application, small particles move from target area
Vapor Drift - Answers - -Spray turns to gas and fumes and move from target area
5 Factors that increase particle drift - Answers - -Droplet size decrease -Wind speed
increase -Nozzle height increase -Temp increase -Humidity decrease
Most important factor affecting particle drift - Answers - -Spray droplet size
Discuss effects of air stability and temp inversions on particle drift - Answers - -Don't
affect drift directly but provide conditions where it is more likely to occur -Air stability is
warmed at the plant surface and rises causing currents to move droplets upward. Wind
then moves them off site. -Layer of warm air is sandwiched between layers of cold
caused by rapid cooling of plant surface. Lost heat radiates upward causing air to be
warmer above surface. Inversion indicated by fog or smoke at ground level
Clues that suggest temperature inversion - Answers - -Ground fog or smoke that move
laterally in concentrated cloud instead of moving upward and dissapating. -Common on
clear, calm nights, and last into the morning
Factors that increase particle drift also increase vapor drift - Answers - -Particle size,
temp, wind
Effects of pesticide, temperature and soil moisture on vapor drift - Answers - -Volatility
increase w temperature increase -Wet soil increases rate of volatization and decreases
effectiveness of incorporation
State first rule of drift management - Answers - -Know when not to spray
Discuss site conditions before deciding to spray - Answers - -Weather -Sensitive areas -
Sprayer setup:drop size, nozzle type, distance to target -Assess risks:Likelihood of drift,
pesticide factors, consequence of drift
3 ways to widen window of application for spraying - Answers - -Pest detection: scout
and map, help with being patient with application -Flexible IVM plant can give wider
range of choices -Buffer zones: areas between target and sensitive areas
2 main considerations for reducing drift - Answers - -Use lowest nozzle distance that
provides uniform coverage -Apply coarsest droplet size spectrum that provides sufficient
coverage
