HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
UPDATED ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Nurture blank slate.
Answer: tabula rasa
◉ Nature versus nurture differences.
Answer: nature preprogrammed and nurture experiences
◉ View of most theorists on nature versus nurture.
Answer: combination, interact from conception forward
◉ Stage theories (discontinuity theories).
Answer: Development through a series of stages
◉ Continuity theories.
Answer: Steady growth process
◉ Discontinuity (stage) vs Continuity.
Answer: Stage is qualitative
,◉ Child development vs. Life Span Perspective.
Answer: Freud and Piaget = child development
Erikson = life span
◉ Child Development theory.
Answer: complete once reach adolescence
◉ Life Span theory.
Answer: continues throughout life span
◉ Universality vs. context-specific development.
Answer: Universality (Piaget) = same order and same age
Context-specific (Bronfenbrenner) = takes place in various contexts
◉ Context-specific development.
Answer: Collectivist cultures vs. individualistic cultures changes
development
◉ Cognitive development theory.
,Answer: Based on the notion that cognitive abilities are developed as
individuals mature physiologically and have opportunity to interact
with environment (Piaget)
◉ Equilibration of accommodation and assimilation.
Answer: Piaget argues that normally we are in this state, when a
new stimulus presents we enter state of disequilibrium
◉ Accommodation.
Answer: Adjusting prior knowledge gained through former
experiences and interactions
◉ Assimilation.
Answer: Fitting together the new information with what has been
previously known or understood
◉ Constructivism.
Answer: Piaget position on learning. Children construct schema,
organized patterns of thought or action, Based on the experiences
that they have actively exploring the environment
◉ Piaget Constructivism.
Answer: considered a stage theory
, ◉ Piaget Constructivism Four Stages.
Answer: 1. Sensorimotor (birth - 2)
2. Preoperational (2-7)
3. Concrete Operations (7-11)
4. Formal Operaitons (11-15)
◉ Preoperational stage.
Answer: egocentrism, rigidity of thought, semi logical reasoning,
limited social cognition
◉ Concrete Operations.
Answer: Beginning of operational thinking, can perform
transformations, understand reversibility, inversion, reciprocity, and
conservation, group into categories, make inferences, inductive
reasoning
◉ Formal Operations.
Answer: higher ordered critical thinking, adult thinking, ultimate
stage of cognitive development, scientific method, logical, abstract
and hypothetical thought, deductive and inductive reasoning
◉ Kohlberg.
Answer: extended Piaget model to study of moral reasoning
UPDATED ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Nurture blank slate.
Answer: tabula rasa
◉ Nature versus nurture differences.
Answer: nature preprogrammed and nurture experiences
◉ View of most theorists on nature versus nurture.
Answer: combination, interact from conception forward
◉ Stage theories (discontinuity theories).
Answer: Development through a series of stages
◉ Continuity theories.
Answer: Steady growth process
◉ Discontinuity (stage) vs Continuity.
Answer: Stage is qualitative
,◉ Child development vs. Life Span Perspective.
Answer: Freud and Piaget = child development
Erikson = life span
◉ Child Development theory.
Answer: complete once reach adolescence
◉ Life Span theory.
Answer: continues throughout life span
◉ Universality vs. context-specific development.
Answer: Universality (Piaget) = same order and same age
Context-specific (Bronfenbrenner) = takes place in various contexts
◉ Context-specific development.
Answer: Collectivist cultures vs. individualistic cultures changes
development
◉ Cognitive development theory.
,Answer: Based on the notion that cognitive abilities are developed as
individuals mature physiologically and have opportunity to interact
with environment (Piaget)
◉ Equilibration of accommodation and assimilation.
Answer: Piaget argues that normally we are in this state, when a
new stimulus presents we enter state of disequilibrium
◉ Accommodation.
Answer: Adjusting prior knowledge gained through former
experiences and interactions
◉ Assimilation.
Answer: Fitting together the new information with what has been
previously known or understood
◉ Constructivism.
Answer: Piaget position on learning. Children construct schema,
organized patterns of thought or action, Based on the experiences
that they have actively exploring the environment
◉ Piaget Constructivism.
Answer: considered a stage theory
, ◉ Piaget Constructivism Four Stages.
Answer: 1. Sensorimotor (birth - 2)
2. Preoperational (2-7)
3. Concrete Operations (7-11)
4. Formal Operaitons (11-15)
◉ Preoperational stage.
Answer: egocentrism, rigidity of thought, semi logical reasoning,
limited social cognition
◉ Concrete Operations.
Answer: Beginning of operational thinking, can perform
transformations, understand reversibility, inversion, reciprocity, and
conservation, group into categories, make inferences, inductive
reasoning
◉ Formal Operations.
Answer: higher ordered critical thinking, adult thinking, ultimate
stage of cognitive development, scientific method, logical, abstract
and hypothetical thought, deductive and inductive reasoning
◉ Kohlberg.
Answer: extended Piaget model to study of moral reasoning
