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,ADHD - correct ans:-long-term disorder characterized by either hyperactivity & impulsivity or inattention
-affect the development of proper cognitive, behavioral, emotional, social, & academic function
-Symptoms of the hyperactivity & impulsivity subtype:
• excessive fidgeting or talking, feelings of restlessness & impatience, frequent interruption, difficultly
playing quietly
• reach peak severity when the child is around 8 years of age
-symptoms of inattentive subtype
• difficulty organizing tasks, maintaining a routine, paying attention to detail
• Children may avoid tasks that are intellectually challenging, resulting in poor academic or cognitive
performance
• may not be distinguishable until 8-9 years of age
-primarily disrupts neuronal connections within the frontal lobe & prefrontal cortex
FDA approved medications for ADHD - correct ans:Stimulants
-Methylphenidate
• Azstaryz
• Concerta
• Focalin
• Jornay PM
• Metadate CD or ER
• Ritalin
-Amphetamine
• Adderall
• Adzenys ER or XR-ODT
• Dexedrine
• Vyvanse
Non-stimulants
-Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
,• Strattera
• Qelbree
-Alpha agonist
• Kapvay
• Intuniv
https://chadd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ADHD-MEDICATIONS-APPROVED-BY-THE-US-FDA-
2021.pdf
Behavior Management: Parent training - correct ans:-What parents learn when trained in behavior
therapy
• Positive Communication
• Positive Reinforcement
• Structure & Discipline
Seamus is a 13-year-old who was referred to the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP)
by a family court judge for evaluation. Seamus was arrested after breaking into several cars on his street
overnight and stealing loose change and small electronics. Seamus's parents endorse that he has had
problems since he was a young boy. Starting in kindergarten, he has had "anger management" issues
and argues with his parents and with teachers. He has difficulty sitting still in the classroom and was
frequently disciplined for interrupting teachers, talking constantly, and running in the halls. At home, he
often exhibits vindictive behavior towards his siblings and blames them for his actions. His parents
describe him as "driven by a motor." He is irritable most of the time. He has never liked school and has
struggled academically since first grade. He was suspended twice in elementary school for bullyi -
correct ans:yes
Rationale: symptoms consistent with ODD include anger and irritability, argumentative and vindictive
behavior, and blaming others.
According to the DSM-5-TR, does Seamus meet the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder?
yes
no
, unable to determine - correct ans:yes
Rationale: Symptoms consistent with conduct disorder include a history of repetitive, persistent
behavior that violates societal norms within the past twelve months, including bullying, fighting,
vandalism, theft, and truancy.
According to the DSM-5-TR, does Seamus meet the diagnostic criteria for intermittent explosive
disorder?
yes
no
unable to determine - correct ans:no
According to the DSM-5-TR, does Seamus meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD?
yes
no
unable to determine - correct ans:yes
Rationale: His symptoms consistent with ADHD include "non-stop" energy, speaking out of turn,
talkativeness, excessive running, and interrupting others. The behaviors occur in school and at home and
have been present consistently for several years. His behaviors have negatively impacted his academic
performance to the extent that he has been expelled from school.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) - correct ans:-Cognitive
• Problems with memory & learning, especially math
• Poor reasoning & limited executive function
• Problems with attention
• Intellectual disability
-Physical