HESI PN MEDICAL SURGICAL NGN EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS |2026/2027 UPDATED |GUARANTEED PASS.
TEST
Patient is 24 hrs post-op following a total hip arthroplasty, which of the following actions the
nurse should include in the care plan? - Answer -"Performing range of motion by adducting"
Rationale:
some of the actions that the nurse should include in the care plan for a patient who is 24 hours
post-op following a total hip arthroplasty are:
Encourage the patient to do gentle exercises in bed, such as ankle pumps, quadriceps and
gluteal contractions, to facilitate blood flow and prevent stiffness.
Assist the patient to stand up and walk with the aid of a physical therapist and/or a walker, as
weight-bearing can help with recovery and prevent complications.
Follow the surgeon's instructions on how much weight can be put on the new hip, as this may
vary depending on the type of surgery and prosthesis used.
Monitor the patient's pain level and administer pain medication as prescribed.
Prevent infection by changing dressings, keeping the surgical site clean and dry, and
administering antibiotics as prescribed.
1|Page
,Educate the patient on how to care for the new hip at home, such as avoiding certain
movements that may cause dislocation, using assistive devices, and following up with physical
therapy.
TEST
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has a pulmonary embolism and is experiencing
dyspnea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain the client's vital signs.
B. Administer heparin to the client.
C. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
D. Place the client in high Fowler's position. - Answer -D. Place the client in high Fowler's
position.
Rationale:
the first action the nurse should take is place the client in high Fowler's position. This can help
improve gas exchange and reduce dyspnea. The other actions are also important, but not the
priority.
TEST
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has aspiration pneumonia and hypoxia.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares.
B. Maintain the client in a supine position.
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,C. Implement t contact precautions
D. Initiate fall precautions - Answer -D. Initiate fall precautions
Rationale:
Patient is in the condition of hypoxia so their is increased risk of irritability of brain due to lack
of oxygen.
Level of alertness and physical activity also Decreases.
In this condition chances of fall are higher so fall precautions should be initiated.
Other options are incorrect.
Supine position is not safe after aspiration pneumonia. Semi fowler position should be provided.
Petroleum jelly can increase risk of aspiration.
Contact precautions is not necessary because aspiration pneumonia is not contagious. It occurs
due to aspiration of food particles , liquid or foreign particles.
TEST
Pt received penicillin 30 mins ago and began to develop hives and itching. Which of the
following is the nurse's highest priority question? - Answer -"Are you having any difficulty
breathing?"
Rationale:
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, This question to rule out whether the patient is experiencing anaphylaxis.
TEST
A nurse is assisting with the care plan for a client who has osteoarthritis. The client reports knee
stiffness upon ambulation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the
plan of care?
a.) Apply moist heat prior to ambulation.
b.) Rest in a soft chair.
c.) Use a continuous passive motion machine.
d.) Delay ambulation until the next day. - Answer -A. Apply moist heat prior to ambulation.
Rationale:
Heat therapy can alleviate knee osteoarthritis pain and stiffness in two ways.
First, the sensation of heat provides relief by overpowering the nerves that send pain signals to
your brain. This is why you'll often feel the warmth of your heating pad over the discomfort.
Second, heat improves blood flow in the area. As such, moist heat is a much better choice for
OA instead of ice because the warmth dilates blood vessels (larger diameter) around the knee,
improves circulation, loosens up muscles and helps to alleviate joint stiffness.
Applying moist heat prior to ambulation can help reduce knee stiffness and improve mobility for
clients with osteoarthritis.
4|Page
ANSWERS |2026/2027 UPDATED |GUARANTEED PASS.
TEST
Patient is 24 hrs post-op following a total hip arthroplasty, which of the following actions the
nurse should include in the care plan? - Answer -"Performing range of motion by adducting"
Rationale:
some of the actions that the nurse should include in the care plan for a patient who is 24 hours
post-op following a total hip arthroplasty are:
Encourage the patient to do gentle exercises in bed, such as ankle pumps, quadriceps and
gluteal contractions, to facilitate blood flow and prevent stiffness.
Assist the patient to stand up and walk with the aid of a physical therapist and/or a walker, as
weight-bearing can help with recovery and prevent complications.
Follow the surgeon's instructions on how much weight can be put on the new hip, as this may
vary depending on the type of surgery and prosthesis used.
Monitor the patient's pain level and administer pain medication as prescribed.
Prevent infection by changing dressings, keeping the surgical site clean and dry, and
administering antibiotics as prescribed.
1|Page
,Educate the patient on how to care for the new hip at home, such as avoiding certain
movements that may cause dislocation, using assistive devices, and following up with physical
therapy.
TEST
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has a pulmonary embolism and is experiencing
dyspnea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain the client's vital signs.
B. Administer heparin to the client.
C. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
D. Place the client in high Fowler's position. - Answer -D. Place the client in high Fowler's
position.
Rationale:
the first action the nurse should take is place the client in high Fowler's position. This can help
improve gas exchange and reduce dyspnea. The other actions are also important, but not the
priority.
TEST
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has aspiration pneumonia and hypoxia.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares.
B. Maintain the client in a supine position.
2|Page
,C. Implement t contact precautions
D. Initiate fall precautions - Answer -D. Initiate fall precautions
Rationale:
Patient is in the condition of hypoxia so their is increased risk of irritability of brain due to lack
of oxygen.
Level of alertness and physical activity also Decreases.
In this condition chances of fall are higher so fall precautions should be initiated.
Other options are incorrect.
Supine position is not safe after aspiration pneumonia. Semi fowler position should be provided.
Petroleum jelly can increase risk of aspiration.
Contact precautions is not necessary because aspiration pneumonia is not contagious. It occurs
due to aspiration of food particles , liquid or foreign particles.
TEST
Pt received penicillin 30 mins ago and began to develop hives and itching. Which of the
following is the nurse's highest priority question? - Answer -"Are you having any difficulty
breathing?"
Rationale:
3|Page
, This question to rule out whether the patient is experiencing anaphylaxis.
TEST
A nurse is assisting with the care plan for a client who has osteoarthritis. The client reports knee
stiffness upon ambulation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the
plan of care?
a.) Apply moist heat prior to ambulation.
b.) Rest in a soft chair.
c.) Use a continuous passive motion machine.
d.) Delay ambulation until the next day. - Answer -A. Apply moist heat prior to ambulation.
Rationale:
Heat therapy can alleviate knee osteoarthritis pain and stiffness in two ways.
First, the sensation of heat provides relief by overpowering the nerves that send pain signals to
your brain. This is why you'll often feel the warmth of your heating pad over the discomfort.
Second, heat improves blood flow in the area. As such, moist heat is a much better choice for
OA instead of ice because the warmth dilates blood vessels (larger diameter) around the knee,
improves circulation, loosens up muscles and helps to alleviate joint stiffness.
Applying moist heat prior to ambulation can help reduce knee stiffness and improve mobility for
clients with osteoarthritis.
4|Page
