WGU D116 Pharmacology review COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED &
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Terms in this set (161)
A patient presents to an emergency room complaining YES With food or an empty stomach
of palpitations and irregular heartbeat. The advanced
practice registered nurse (APRN) places the patient on
a cardiac monitor and observes atrial fibrillation. The
APRN orders dofetilide.
How should the APRN recommend this medication be
taken?
A 70-year-old male calls a clinic complaining of chest Do not take the nitroglycerin and call 911
pain that started after having sexual activity. He took
sildenafil 50 mg about eight hours ago. He has Taking the medications together can cause a serious drop in blood pressure
nitroglycerin 0.3 mg on hand. leading to cardiovascular collapse.
How should the advanced practice registered nurse
respond?
A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who is in a A baseline blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA) level needs to be
mental health clinic is discussing the possibility of drawn to assess kidney function prior to treatment.
beginning lithium with an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN). The patient expresses understanding and This drug can cause decreased renal function, and a baseline should be drawn
wishes to proceed with treatment. The APRN explains for future comparison.
to the patient that this medication requires specific lab
monitoring and wants to draw baseline labs. The patient
asks why the test is needed.
Which explanation should the APRN provide to this
patient?
,An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is YES A 54-year-male with a medical history of hypertension, mild eczema, and
reviewing the medications that will be commonly previous history of a urolithiasis where all is well controlled and there are no
experienced with a new nurse to determine whether current complications
the drugs are safe for the patients. The new nurse is
given a scenario where a patient is being prescribed
sildenafil 25 mg po prn, a prototype drug for erectile
dysfunction.
Which patient may take this drug safely?
A 30-year-old patient presents to a primary care clinic YES Influences receptor activity on target cells
with a history of anxiety. The advanced practice
registered nurse reviews the mechanism of action by Correct! This medication influences the activity in the receptors, and it targets
which many neuropharmacological agents act and cells.
decides to prescribe citalopram.
What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of Huntington NO Modulates the effects of glutamate at NMDA receptors
disease. On admission, the patient exhibits uncontrolled YES Inhibits neurotransmitter GABA
twitching, difficulty walking, trouble swallowing, NO Halts the breakdown of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase
confusion, and memory loss. The advanced practice Alters the synthesis and release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
registered nurse (APRN) prescribes baclofen. Incorrect. Cholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine by
What is the mechanism of action of this medication? acetylcholinesterase. They are used in patients with Alzheimer's.
Correct! Huntington's disease involves a deficiency of the neurotransmitters
acetylcholine and y-aminobutyric acid in the basal ganglia and extrapyramidal
system.
A 21-year-old patient accompanied by a parent comes Atonic
to a clinic for an emergency visit with an advanced NO Myoclonic
practice registered nurse (APRN) following a seizure. YES Tonic-clonic
Upon interviewing the patient and the parent, the APRN Absence
determines that the seizure is classified by marked Incorrect. Myoclonic seizures consist of a sudden muscle contraction that lasts
impairment of consciousness and is followed by a for just one second.
period of central nervous system (CNS) depression. Correct! A tonic-clonic seizure is a type of seizure that is also called a
Which type of seizure is this patient experiencing? convulsion. This type of seizure can include muscle stiffness, loss of
consciousness, and body jerking.
A patient has been taking oral oxycodone every six YES Physical dependence
hours for back pain during the past three years. The Correct! The patient suddenly stopping the medication will cause physical
patient suddenly decides to stop taking the pain symptoms that can range from nausea to seizures.
medication and is trying an alternative therapy without
a clinician's approval.
Which risk is of clinical concern?
An advanced practice registered nurse has diagnosed YES Bupropion
a 44-year-old male with depression. A plan is
developed to start treatment with medication. The Correct! Bupropion does not cause sexual dysfunction. This will help the
patient has a history of sexual dysfunction and is patient with a history of sexual dysfunction. This will enhance the patient's
concerned about taking medication that may worsen libido, which will help with both depression and sexual dysfunction.
this condition.
Which antidepressant has the benefit of enhancing
libido?
, A patient is wheezing and short of breath. The nurse YES Tachycardia
assesses a heart rate of 88 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, and a blood Correct! Beta-agonists are used for asthma because of their beta2 effects on
pressure of 124/78 mm Hg. The prescriber orders a bronchial smooth muscle, causing dilation. Beta1 effects cause tachycardia and
nonspecific beta-agonist medication. hypertension. Beta receptors do not exert effects on the bladder.
Besides evaluating the patient for a reduction in
respiratory distress, the nurse should monitor for which
side effect?
A patient is experiencing toxic side effects from YES Physostigmine
atropine, including delirium and hallucinations. Which
medication should the provider administer? Correct! Physostigmine is the drug of choice for treating poisoning from
atropine and other drugs that cause muscarinic blockade. Donepezil is used to
treat Alzheimer disease. Edrophonium is used to distinguish between a
myasthenic crisis and a cholinesterase inhibitor overdose. Neostigmine does
not cross the blood-brain barrier and would not effectively treat this patient's
central nervous system (CNS) symptoms.
A patient brought to the emergency department allow a reduced dose of the anesthetic
requires sutures. The prescriber orders a local
anesthetic with epinephrine. Correct! Epinephrine prolongs absorption of the anesthetic because it is an
The epinephrine is ordered to ___________. alpha1 agonist. It is frequently combined with a local anesthetic for this purpose
so the amount of anesthetic required may be reduced. Local anesthetics do
not induce hypertension; therefore, epinephrine would not be needed to
prevent it. Epinephrine does not act as an antiemetic and would not reduce
anesthetic-induced nausea. Epinephrine is not used to reduce the pain of an
injection.
A patient has been diagnosed with Parkinson disease Increase the dose of carbidopa
(PD) and begins treatment with carbidopa. After several Discuss the "on-off" phenomenon
months of therapy, the patient reports no change in Reevaluate the diagnosis
symptoms. NO Add a dopamine agonist
As the provider, you should do which of the following? Incorrect. Adding a dopamine agonist is not indicated.
A patient who is taking oral contraceptives begins YES Ask the patient if she is taking the valproic acid with food because taking
taking valproic acid for seizures. After a week of the drug on an empty stomach can cause gastrointestinal side effects
therapy with valproic acid, the patient tells the nurse
that she is experiencing nausea. Correct! Gastrointestinal effects, including nausea, vomiting, and indigestion,
What should the nurse do? are common with valproic acid and can be minimized by taking the drug with
food or using an enteric-coated product. Hyperammonemia can occur when
valproic acid is combined with topiramate. Signs of pregnancy usually do not
occur within a week, so this is less likely. Hepatotoxicity is a rare adverse effect.
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED &
ELABORATED) ACTUAL EXAM 2026 TEST 100% SOLVED !!
Leave the first rating
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
WGU D345 Psychopharmacology S... Med-Surg Section 2 exam 302 psyc... SMQT EXAM - Exam (Recent exam) ... Ch
Teacher 65 terms Teacher 50 terms Teacher 372 terms Te
Benjamin_Kithikii Preview EXTENSION123 Preview iannyaga725 Preview
Terms in this set (161)
A patient presents to an emergency room complaining YES With food or an empty stomach
of palpitations and irregular heartbeat. The advanced
practice registered nurse (APRN) places the patient on
a cardiac monitor and observes atrial fibrillation. The
APRN orders dofetilide.
How should the APRN recommend this medication be
taken?
A 70-year-old male calls a clinic complaining of chest Do not take the nitroglycerin and call 911
pain that started after having sexual activity. He took
sildenafil 50 mg about eight hours ago. He has Taking the medications together can cause a serious drop in blood pressure
nitroglycerin 0.3 mg on hand. leading to cardiovascular collapse.
How should the advanced practice registered nurse
respond?
A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who is in a A baseline blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA) level needs to be
mental health clinic is discussing the possibility of drawn to assess kidney function prior to treatment.
beginning lithium with an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN). The patient expresses understanding and This drug can cause decreased renal function, and a baseline should be drawn
wishes to proceed with treatment. The APRN explains for future comparison.
to the patient that this medication requires specific lab
monitoring and wants to draw baseline labs. The patient
asks why the test is needed.
Which explanation should the APRN provide to this
patient?
,An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is YES A 54-year-male with a medical history of hypertension, mild eczema, and
reviewing the medications that will be commonly previous history of a urolithiasis where all is well controlled and there are no
experienced with a new nurse to determine whether current complications
the drugs are safe for the patients. The new nurse is
given a scenario where a patient is being prescribed
sildenafil 25 mg po prn, a prototype drug for erectile
dysfunction.
Which patient may take this drug safely?
A 30-year-old patient presents to a primary care clinic YES Influences receptor activity on target cells
with a history of anxiety. The advanced practice
registered nurse reviews the mechanism of action by Correct! This medication influences the activity in the receptors, and it targets
which many neuropharmacological agents act and cells.
decides to prescribe citalopram.
What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of Huntington NO Modulates the effects of glutamate at NMDA receptors
disease. On admission, the patient exhibits uncontrolled YES Inhibits neurotransmitter GABA
twitching, difficulty walking, trouble swallowing, NO Halts the breakdown of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase
confusion, and memory loss. The advanced practice Alters the synthesis and release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
registered nurse (APRN) prescribes baclofen. Incorrect. Cholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine by
What is the mechanism of action of this medication? acetylcholinesterase. They are used in patients with Alzheimer's.
Correct! Huntington's disease involves a deficiency of the neurotransmitters
acetylcholine and y-aminobutyric acid in the basal ganglia and extrapyramidal
system.
A 21-year-old patient accompanied by a parent comes Atonic
to a clinic for an emergency visit with an advanced NO Myoclonic
practice registered nurse (APRN) following a seizure. YES Tonic-clonic
Upon interviewing the patient and the parent, the APRN Absence
determines that the seizure is classified by marked Incorrect. Myoclonic seizures consist of a sudden muscle contraction that lasts
impairment of consciousness and is followed by a for just one second.
period of central nervous system (CNS) depression. Correct! A tonic-clonic seizure is a type of seizure that is also called a
Which type of seizure is this patient experiencing? convulsion. This type of seizure can include muscle stiffness, loss of
consciousness, and body jerking.
A patient has been taking oral oxycodone every six YES Physical dependence
hours for back pain during the past three years. The Correct! The patient suddenly stopping the medication will cause physical
patient suddenly decides to stop taking the pain symptoms that can range from nausea to seizures.
medication and is trying an alternative therapy without
a clinician's approval.
Which risk is of clinical concern?
An advanced practice registered nurse has diagnosed YES Bupropion
a 44-year-old male with depression. A plan is
developed to start treatment with medication. The Correct! Bupropion does not cause sexual dysfunction. This will help the
patient has a history of sexual dysfunction and is patient with a history of sexual dysfunction. This will enhance the patient's
concerned about taking medication that may worsen libido, which will help with both depression and sexual dysfunction.
this condition.
Which antidepressant has the benefit of enhancing
libido?
, A patient is wheezing and short of breath. The nurse YES Tachycardia
assesses a heart rate of 88 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, and a blood Correct! Beta-agonists are used for asthma because of their beta2 effects on
pressure of 124/78 mm Hg. The prescriber orders a bronchial smooth muscle, causing dilation. Beta1 effects cause tachycardia and
nonspecific beta-agonist medication. hypertension. Beta receptors do not exert effects on the bladder.
Besides evaluating the patient for a reduction in
respiratory distress, the nurse should monitor for which
side effect?
A patient is experiencing toxic side effects from YES Physostigmine
atropine, including delirium and hallucinations. Which
medication should the provider administer? Correct! Physostigmine is the drug of choice for treating poisoning from
atropine and other drugs that cause muscarinic blockade. Donepezil is used to
treat Alzheimer disease. Edrophonium is used to distinguish between a
myasthenic crisis and a cholinesterase inhibitor overdose. Neostigmine does
not cross the blood-brain barrier and would not effectively treat this patient's
central nervous system (CNS) symptoms.
A patient brought to the emergency department allow a reduced dose of the anesthetic
requires sutures. The prescriber orders a local
anesthetic with epinephrine. Correct! Epinephrine prolongs absorption of the anesthetic because it is an
The epinephrine is ordered to ___________. alpha1 agonist. It is frequently combined with a local anesthetic for this purpose
so the amount of anesthetic required may be reduced. Local anesthetics do
not induce hypertension; therefore, epinephrine would not be needed to
prevent it. Epinephrine does not act as an antiemetic and would not reduce
anesthetic-induced nausea. Epinephrine is not used to reduce the pain of an
injection.
A patient has been diagnosed with Parkinson disease Increase the dose of carbidopa
(PD) and begins treatment with carbidopa. After several Discuss the "on-off" phenomenon
months of therapy, the patient reports no change in Reevaluate the diagnosis
symptoms. NO Add a dopamine agonist
As the provider, you should do which of the following? Incorrect. Adding a dopamine agonist is not indicated.
A patient who is taking oral contraceptives begins YES Ask the patient if she is taking the valproic acid with food because taking
taking valproic acid for seizures. After a week of the drug on an empty stomach can cause gastrointestinal side effects
therapy with valproic acid, the patient tells the nurse
that she is experiencing nausea. Correct! Gastrointestinal effects, including nausea, vomiting, and indigestion,
What should the nurse do? are common with valproic acid and can be minimized by taking the drug with
food or using an enteric-coated product. Hyperammonemia can occur when
valproic acid is combined with topiramate. Signs of pregnancy usually do not
occur within a week, so this is less likely. Hepatotoxicity is a rare adverse effect.
