Maryville University: Nurs 611 Exam 4 Actual Questions And Correct Verified Answers
2026 Edition
What is primary dysmenorrhea attributed to? Excessive endometrial prostaglandin production.
What causes secondary dysmenorrhea? Disorders such as endometriosis, endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease,
uterine fibroids, polyps, tumors, ovarian cysts, or IUDs.
What is endometriosis? The presence of functioning endometrial tissue or implants outside the uterus.
What are common sites of endometriosis implantation? Pelvic peritoneum, ovaries,uterosacral ligaments, and other areas like the Gl tract and lungs.
What are common symptoms of endometriosis? Pain,infertility,dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyspareunia, constipation, andabnormal
vaginal bleeding.
What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)? A condition characterized by irregular ovulation, elevated androgen levels,and
polycystic ovaries.
What are the cardinal features of PCOS? Hyperandrogenic state and ovulatory dysfunction.
, What role does insulin resistance play in PCOS? It aggravates the hyperandrogenic state and contributes to the severity of
symptoms.
What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)? An acute inflammatory process caused by infection of the upper genital tract.
What are the consequences of PID? Scarring,adhesions, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
Which infections commonly cause PID? Gonorrhea and chlamydia.
What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)? A noninflammatory condition caused by an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria,
leading to malodorous discharge.
What is Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)? The descent of the vaginal wall, uterus, or apex of the vagina.
What are common causes of POP? Childbirth trauma,pelvic floor surgery, obesity, and chronic conditions.
What is a cystocele? Descent of a portion of the posterior bladder wall into the vaginal canal.
What symptoms are associated with a cystocele? Urination issues,pelvic discomfort,and frequent UTIs.
What is a rectocele? Bulging of the rectum and posterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal.
What is an enterocele? Herniation of the rectouterine pouch into the rectovaginal septum.
What is ovarian cancer often referred to as? The 'silent killer' due to its asymptomatic nature until late stages.
What genetic factors are associated with ovarian cancer? Mutations in BRCAI and BRCA2 genes.
What role do BRCAI and BRCA2 genes play in breast cancer? BRCAI is a tumor-suppressor gene, while BRCA2 helps repair damaged DNA.
How does a mutation in BRCAI affect cell proliferation? It inhibits or alters its suppressor function, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.
2026 Edition
What is primary dysmenorrhea attributed to? Excessive endometrial prostaglandin production.
What causes secondary dysmenorrhea? Disorders such as endometriosis, endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease,
uterine fibroids, polyps, tumors, ovarian cysts, or IUDs.
What is endometriosis? The presence of functioning endometrial tissue or implants outside the uterus.
What are common sites of endometriosis implantation? Pelvic peritoneum, ovaries,uterosacral ligaments, and other areas like the Gl tract and lungs.
What are common symptoms of endometriosis? Pain,infertility,dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyspareunia, constipation, andabnormal
vaginal bleeding.
What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)? A condition characterized by irregular ovulation, elevated androgen levels,and
polycystic ovaries.
What are the cardinal features of PCOS? Hyperandrogenic state and ovulatory dysfunction.
, What role does insulin resistance play in PCOS? It aggravates the hyperandrogenic state and contributes to the severity of
symptoms.
What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)? An acute inflammatory process caused by infection of the upper genital tract.
What are the consequences of PID? Scarring,adhesions, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
Which infections commonly cause PID? Gonorrhea and chlamydia.
What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)? A noninflammatory condition caused by an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria,
leading to malodorous discharge.
What is Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)? The descent of the vaginal wall, uterus, or apex of the vagina.
What are common causes of POP? Childbirth trauma,pelvic floor surgery, obesity, and chronic conditions.
What is a cystocele? Descent of a portion of the posterior bladder wall into the vaginal canal.
What symptoms are associated with a cystocele? Urination issues,pelvic discomfort,and frequent UTIs.
What is a rectocele? Bulging of the rectum and posterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal.
What is an enterocele? Herniation of the rectouterine pouch into the rectovaginal septum.
What is ovarian cancer often referred to as? The 'silent killer' due to its asymptomatic nature until late stages.
What genetic factors are associated with ovarian cancer? Mutations in BRCAI and BRCA2 genes.
What role do BRCAI and BRCA2 genes play in breast cancer? BRCAI is a tumor-suppressor gene, while BRCA2 helps repair damaged DNA.
How does a mutation in BRCAI affect cell proliferation? It inhibits or alters its suppressor function, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.
