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1. EPA reported 1.4 billion; 3.3 billion
this much was
spent on
pesticide use for
industrial/com-
mercial/govern-
ment sector and
this much was
spend for home
and garden
sector in 2012
2. Define integrat- System that uses all available and suitable pest control tactics to reduce pest pop-
ed pest manage- ulations to tolerable levels while minimizing adverse environmental side ettects.
ment
3. Explain how aes- Aesthetic thresholds are based on tolerance, personal comfort, taste, plant ap-
thetic thresholds pearance, and specific site conditions.
affect IPM tactics Nurseries and the like have zero pest tolerance whereas landscape plantings
might have low tolerance.
Healthy lawns have a higher threshold than stressed, weakened lawns
4. Explain how IPM Pesticides are not meant to be a solution to all problems.
can reduce the IPM provides the most ettective solutions in all regards, which may not always be
use of pesticides pesticides.
5. List the six con- Cultural
trol strategies Mechanical
used in IPM Host resistance
Biological
, Iowa 3OT Pesticide Manual
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Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Regulatory
chemical
6. Define pesticide Any material used to kill, attract, repel, regulate, or interrupt growth and mating
of pests, or to regulate plant growth
7. Contact pesti- Must physically touch the pest organism or be sprayed on the site the pest
cides frequents to exert an action
Example would be protective fungicide
Must be re-applied to new plant tissues or if precipitation washes product ott
8. Systemic pesti- Enters the plant via roots or above ground plant tissues and is moved inside of
cide the plant.
Could render plant toxic to insect or mice
Could move through plant to kill parts of the plant
Example would be curative fungicide because it penetrates the plant and stops
disease
9. Preemergence Applied prior to weed seed germination.
Little to no ettect on weeds that have emerged
10. Postemergence Applied to actively growing plants.
Work best in sunlight, high humidity, good soil moisture
11. Selective pesti- Control only certain types or stages of pests while leaving nontarget organisms
cide unattected.
Example would be herbicide that kills broadleaf weeds and not turfgrass
12. Nonselective Exert their action on a wide variety of pests.
pesticide Control most of the plants they are sprayed on.
13.
, Iowa 3OT Pesticide Manual
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Identify the best Plant diseases
application tim- For fungicides, it is critical that susceptible tissues be protected before an infection
ing for effective begins or at the first appearance of any symptoms
pest control as it
pertains to: plant Insects
diseases, insects, The younger the stage of insect, the more susceptible it is to chemical control.
and weeds
Weeds
Generally most ettective when applied to actively growing plants and least ettec-
tive when plants are not actively growing
Annual weeds are easiest to control in early spring
Biennials should be treated in fall or early spring when in the rosette stage
Perennial weeds can be controlled in early bloom stage or in the fall
14. Explain how pes- Resistance is the ability of a pest species that was once ettectively controlled by a
ticide resistance pesticide to survive spray concentrations that were previously ettective.
develops in a It is an inherited trait that results from repeated applications of pesticides with the
pest population same site of action or mode of action.
Examples include pythium blight in turfgrass, botrytis in ornamental, green peach
aphid in insects, and goosegrass weeds
15. State the impor- These codes help applicators quickly identify the mode of action by looking at the
tance of the nu- group number.
meric codes at Varying this can help reduce resistance
the top of a pes-
ticide label and
pesticide resis-
tance
16. Correctly chosen nozzle
Reduced spray pressure
, Iowa 3OT Pesticide Manual
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Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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State four ways Monitor weather conditions
to minimize pes- Keeping the spray nozzle near the target
ticide drift
17. Summarize the Contact can kill or injure plants
ways in which Movement into the root zone where it can be absorbed is also bad
pesticides can in-
jure nontarget
plants
18. List posting rules Required for urban areas or municipalities
for a pesticide Notification signs must be posted at the start of an application to a treatment site
application 4 by 5 inches, weather proof, and above grass line
"This are is chemically treated. Keep ott. Do not remove sign for 24 hours."
19. Explain how to Blow or sweep the material back into the turfgrass area or on the plant beds.
clean up hard Keep away from storm drain entrances
surfaces after a
granular applica-
tion
20. List two charac- Water pH is one area of concern.
teristics of wa- If the water is alkaline (pH greater than 7) it can cause alkaline hydrolysis.
ter that may in- If water is acidic (pH less than 7) it can cause acid hydrolysis
fluence the ef-
fectiveness of a Hardness of water is another concern
spray mixture Hardness is the amount of dissolved minerals in water
Can inactivate pesticides
21. 6.5 and 8.0