RNSG 1533 Exam 2 Nutrition, Elimination,
Fluid & Electrolytes Questions With Correct
Answers
A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with SIADH and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
has a sodium level of 123mEq/L. Which of the following nursing actions
| | | | | | | | | | | |
should the nurse expect to implement?
| | | | |
| A. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium Chloride
| | | | | | | |
| B. Restrict oral fluids to 800-1000 mL/day
| | | | | |
| C. Ensure the client receives a 2g sodium diet
| | | | | | | | |
D. Administer desmopression acetate (DDAVP) 0.2mg orally -
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-B. Restrict oral fluids to 800-1000 mL/day | | | | | |
Clients who have SIADH have an increased amount of antidiuretic
| | | | | | | | | |
hormone, which results in excess fluid volume. This excess fluid dilutes
| | | | | | | | | | |
the sodium level in the blood, causing dilutional hyponatremia. Oral
| | | | | | | | | |
fluids are restricted in an attempt to restore the fluid balance and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
therefore the sodium level in the blood. This dilutional hyponatremia
| | | | | | | | | |
does not occur only in clients who have SIADH, but also can result in
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
clients with excess fluid volume (e.g., heart failure, liver cirrhosis,
| | | | | | | | | |
nephrotic syndrome). In addition to restricting oral fluids, increasing the
| | | | | | | | | |
sodium in the diet, and administering hypertonic IV fluids can be
| | | | | | | | | | |
,helpful. Medications such as tolvaptan (Samsca) or conivaptan (Vaprisol)
| | | | | | | |
may be useful in promoting fluid excretion without excreting sodium.
| | | | | | | | | | |
The use of these medications is restricted to hospitalized clients
| | | | | | | | | |
because close monitoring of sodium levels is required.
| | | | | | |
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas lab report for a client who has
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
chronic renal failure. Which of the following is an expected finding?
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| A. pH 7.25, HCO3 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
| B. pH 7.30, HCO3 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
| C. pH 7.50, HCO3 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
D. pH 7.55, HCO3 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg - ANSWER✔✔✔-A. pH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
7.25, HCO3 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
| | | | | | |
The client with renal failure would be in metabolic acidosis (low HCO3,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
low pH, and low or normal PaCO2. Normal lab values include pH 7.35-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
7.45, HCO3 21-28 mEq/L, and PaCO2 35-45 mm HG.
| | | | | | | |
A nurse is admitting a 2-year-old client who has acute gastroenteritis.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Which of the. following should be the nurse's initial action?
| | | | | | | | |
| A. Initiating isotonic fluids with 20mEq/L potassium chloride
| | | | | | |
| B. Administering a promethazine suppository
| | | | |
,| C. Ensuring the toddler is voiding
| | | | |
D. Collecting a stool sample - ANSWER✔✔✔-C. Ensuring the toddler is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
voiding
When a toddler has a diagnosis of gastroenteritis, the nurse should
| | | | | | | | | | |
collect a urine specimen prior to administering potassium. The nurse
| | | | | | | | | |
should anticipate a decreased serum potassium level. However, the
| | | | | | | | |
nurse should also validate that the kidneys are able to produce urine
| | | | | | | | | | | |
and excrete potassium. If kidney function is altered, potassium will not
| | | | | | | | | | |
be excreted and the toddler will develop hyperkalemia. Administering
| | | | | | | | |
potassium prior to validating renal functioning can jeopardize the
| | | | | | | | |
toddler's safety. The nurse should begin IV fluids without the potassium.
| | | | | | | | | |
The potassium should be added after the toddler's first void.
| | | | | | | | | |
A nurse is teaching a client who has CKD about the process of
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which of the
| | | | | | | |
following should the nurse include in the teaching?
| | | | | | |
A. CAPD filters the client's blood through an artificial device called a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
dialyzer.
B. CAPD is the dialyzed treatment of choice for clients who have a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
history of abdominal trauma | | | |
|C. CAPD requires the client to follow fewer dietary and fluid restrictions
| | | | | | | | | | | |
than hemodaylisis|
, |D.CAPD is the treatment of choice for clients who have acute renal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
conditions. - ANSWER✔✔✔-C. CAPD requires the client to follow fewer
| | | | | | | | | |
dietary and fluid restrictions than hemodaylisis
| | | | |
CAPD requires the client to follow fewer dietary and fluid restrictions
| | | | | | | | | | |
than with hemodialysis.
| |
CAPD's advantages include fewer fluid and dietary restrictions as
| | | | | | | | |
compared to hemodialysis. | |
A nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of RBCs to a client who
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
has heart failure. For which of the following manifestations should the
| | | | | | | | | | |
nurse monitor to prevent fluid volume overload? (select all that apply)
| | | | | | | | | |
| A. Dyspnea
|
| B. Gastrointestinal bloating
| |
| C. Jugular vein distention
| | |
| D. Confusion
|
| E. Hypotension - ANSWER✔✔✔-A. Dyspnea
| | | |
| C. Jugular vein distention
| | |
| D. Confusion
|
| Dyspnea is a clinical manifestation of fluid volume overload.
| | | | | | | |
Fluid & Electrolytes Questions With Correct
Answers
A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with SIADH and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
has a sodium level of 123mEq/L. Which of the following nursing actions
| | | | | | | | | | | |
should the nurse expect to implement?
| | | | |
| A. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium Chloride
| | | | | | | |
| B. Restrict oral fluids to 800-1000 mL/day
| | | | | |
| C. Ensure the client receives a 2g sodium diet
| | | | | | | | |
D. Administer desmopression acetate (DDAVP) 0.2mg orally -
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔✔-B. Restrict oral fluids to 800-1000 mL/day | | | | | |
Clients who have SIADH have an increased amount of antidiuretic
| | | | | | | | | |
hormone, which results in excess fluid volume. This excess fluid dilutes
| | | | | | | | | | |
the sodium level in the blood, causing dilutional hyponatremia. Oral
| | | | | | | | | |
fluids are restricted in an attempt to restore the fluid balance and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
therefore the sodium level in the blood. This dilutional hyponatremia
| | | | | | | | | |
does not occur only in clients who have SIADH, but also can result in
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
clients with excess fluid volume (e.g., heart failure, liver cirrhosis,
| | | | | | | | | |
nephrotic syndrome). In addition to restricting oral fluids, increasing the
| | | | | | | | | |
sodium in the diet, and administering hypertonic IV fluids can be
| | | | | | | | | | |
,helpful. Medications such as tolvaptan (Samsca) or conivaptan (Vaprisol)
| | | | | | | |
may be useful in promoting fluid excretion without excreting sodium.
| | | | | | | | | | |
The use of these medications is restricted to hospitalized clients
| | | | | | | | | |
because close monitoring of sodium levels is required.
| | | | | | |
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas lab report for a client who has
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
chronic renal failure. Which of the following is an expected finding?
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| A. pH 7.25, HCO3 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
| B. pH 7.30, HCO3 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
| C. pH 7.50, HCO3 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg
| | | | | | | | |
D. pH 7.55, HCO3 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg - ANSWER✔✔✔-A. pH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
7.25, HCO3 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
| | | | | | |
The client with renal failure would be in metabolic acidosis (low HCO3,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
low pH, and low or normal PaCO2. Normal lab values include pH 7.35-
| | | | | | | | | | | |
7.45, HCO3 21-28 mEq/L, and PaCO2 35-45 mm HG.
| | | | | | | |
A nurse is admitting a 2-year-old client who has acute gastroenteritis.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Which of the. following should be the nurse's initial action?
| | | | | | | | |
| A. Initiating isotonic fluids with 20mEq/L potassium chloride
| | | | | | |
| B. Administering a promethazine suppository
| | | | |
,| C. Ensuring the toddler is voiding
| | | | |
D. Collecting a stool sample - ANSWER✔✔✔-C. Ensuring the toddler is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
voiding
When a toddler has a diagnosis of gastroenteritis, the nurse should
| | | | | | | | | | |
collect a urine specimen prior to administering potassium. The nurse
| | | | | | | | | |
should anticipate a decreased serum potassium level. However, the
| | | | | | | | |
nurse should also validate that the kidneys are able to produce urine
| | | | | | | | | | | |
and excrete potassium. If kidney function is altered, potassium will not
| | | | | | | | | | |
be excreted and the toddler will develop hyperkalemia. Administering
| | | | | | | | |
potassium prior to validating renal functioning can jeopardize the
| | | | | | | | |
toddler's safety. The nurse should begin IV fluids without the potassium.
| | | | | | | | | |
The potassium should be added after the toddler's first void.
| | | | | | | | | |
A nurse is teaching a client who has CKD about the process of
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which of the
| | | | | | | |
following should the nurse include in the teaching?
| | | | | | |
A. CAPD filters the client's blood through an artificial device called a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
dialyzer.
B. CAPD is the dialyzed treatment of choice for clients who have a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
history of abdominal trauma | | | |
|C. CAPD requires the client to follow fewer dietary and fluid restrictions
| | | | | | | | | | | |
than hemodaylisis|
, |D.CAPD is the treatment of choice for clients who have acute renal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
conditions. - ANSWER✔✔✔-C. CAPD requires the client to follow fewer
| | | | | | | | | |
dietary and fluid restrictions than hemodaylisis
| | | | |
CAPD requires the client to follow fewer dietary and fluid restrictions
| | | | | | | | | | |
than with hemodialysis.
| |
CAPD's advantages include fewer fluid and dietary restrictions as
| | | | | | | | |
compared to hemodialysis. | |
A nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of RBCs to a client who
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
has heart failure. For which of the following manifestations should the
| | | | | | | | | | |
nurse monitor to prevent fluid volume overload? (select all that apply)
| | | | | | | | | |
| A. Dyspnea
|
| B. Gastrointestinal bloating
| |
| C. Jugular vein distention
| | |
| D. Confusion
|
| E. Hypotension - ANSWER✔✔✔-A. Dyspnea
| | | |
| C. Jugular vein distention
| | |
| D. Confusion
|
| Dyspnea is a clinical manifestation of fluid volume overload.
| | | | | | | |
