BIOL 1001 EXAM 2 2026 ASSESSMENT SCRIPT
QUESTION DETAILED RESPONSES
◉ mitosis cell division
Briefly explain the two steps.
Answer: asexual, he cell division of eukaryotic cells by which
organisms grow or increase in number
-- During mitosis (nuclear division), the nucleus of the cell and the
chromosomes divide. Each daughter nucleus receives one copy of
each of the replicated chromosomes of the parent cell
[Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase]
-- During Cytokinesis, cytoplasm is divided roughly equally between
the two daughter cells, and one daughter nucleus enters each of the
daughter cells
◉ meiosis cell division
Briefly explain the steps..
Answer: sexual, occurs in animal ovaries and testes and is a
prerequisite for sexual reproduction in all eukaryotic organisms
(prophase I and prophase II)
-- involves a specialized nuclear division (meiosis) and two rounds
of cytokinesis
-Two divisional steps produce four daughter cells that can become
gametes
,-Daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell and
from each other
-Each daughter cell has half the genetic material of the parent cell
◉ Mitosis allows organisms to.....
Answer: growth, maintenance, repair, and regeneration of body
parts
◉ What are the three categories of cells in most multicellular
organisms?.
Answer: -- Stem cells: self renewal, ability to differentiate (liver cells
is kinda an example)
-- Permanently differentiated cells: differentiate then never divide
again (EX: heart, brain)
-- Other cells capable of dividing
◉ stem cells.
Answer: two important characteristics:
-- self-renewal
-- ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types
[ when a stem cell divides, usually one daughter remains a stem cell,
thus continuing the line; the other daughter eventually differentiates
]
,◉ What is a gamete?.
Answer: A mature haploid cell (sperm or egg), formed in sexually
reproducing organisms
◉ What is sexual reproduction?.
Answer: in eukaryotic organisms, occurs when offspring are
produced by the fusion of Gametes(sperm and eggs) from two adults
-- most eukaryotic organism (animals)
◉ What is asexual reproduction?.
Answer: Reproduction in which offspring are formed from a single
parent, without having a sperm fertilize an egg
-- bacteria and single-celled eukaryotes
◉ How does each kingdom reproduce? Asexually or sexually?
Bacteria
Single-celled eukaryotes
Plant
Fungi.
Answer: -- Bacteria and single-celled eukaryotic organisms
reproduce asexually
*Some multicellular organisms, like Hydra, reproduce asexually
-- Many plant and fungi reproduce both asexually and sexually
, ◉ What are homologous chromosomes? (aka homologues).
Answer: -- chromosomes that contain the same genes; aka gene
sequence is that same
-- chromosomes that are similar in appearance and genetic
information when they pair together in meiosis
[ Genes for the same characteristic are found at the same loci on
both homologous chromosomes ]
◉ diploid.
Answer: means "double," cells with pairs of homologous
chromosomes
◉ haploid.
Answer: Cells in the ovaries and testes undergo meiotic cell division
and produce....
-- gametes (eggs and sperm) that only have one member of each
chromosome pair
◉ A haploid cell has ____ the number of chromosomes of a diploid
cell.
Answer: half
QUESTION DETAILED RESPONSES
◉ mitosis cell division
Briefly explain the two steps.
Answer: asexual, he cell division of eukaryotic cells by which
organisms grow or increase in number
-- During mitosis (nuclear division), the nucleus of the cell and the
chromosomes divide. Each daughter nucleus receives one copy of
each of the replicated chromosomes of the parent cell
[Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase]
-- During Cytokinesis, cytoplasm is divided roughly equally between
the two daughter cells, and one daughter nucleus enters each of the
daughter cells
◉ meiosis cell division
Briefly explain the steps..
Answer: sexual, occurs in animal ovaries and testes and is a
prerequisite for sexual reproduction in all eukaryotic organisms
(prophase I and prophase II)
-- involves a specialized nuclear division (meiosis) and two rounds
of cytokinesis
-Two divisional steps produce four daughter cells that can become
gametes
,-Daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell and
from each other
-Each daughter cell has half the genetic material of the parent cell
◉ Mitosis allows organisms to.....
Answer: growth, maintenance, repair, and regeneration of body
parts
◉ What are the three categories of cells in most multicellular
organisms?.
Answer: -- Stem cells: self renewal, ability to differentiate (liver cells
is kinda an example)
-- Permanently differentiated cells: differentiate then never divide
again (EX: heart, brain)
-- Other cells capable of dividing
◉ stem cells.
Answer: two important characteristics:
-- self-renewal
-- ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types
[ when a stem cell divides, usually one daughter remains a stem cell,
thus continuing the line; the other daughter eventually differentiates
]
,◉ What is a gamete?.
Answer: A mature haploid cell (sperm or egg), formed in sexually
reproducing organisms
◉ What is sexual reproduction?.
Answer: in eukaryotic organisms, occurs when offspring are
produced by the fusion of Gametes(sperm and eggs) from two adults
-- most eukaryotic organism (animals)
◉ What is asexual reproduction?.
Answer: Reproduction in which offspring are formed from a single
parent, without having a sperm fertilize an egg
-- bacteria and single-celled eukaryotes
◉ How does each kingdom reproduce? Asexually or sexually?
Bacteria
Single-celled eukaryotes
Plant
Fungi.
Answer: -- Bacteria and single-celled eukaryotic organisms
reproduce asexually
*Some multicellular organisms, like Hydra, reproduce asexually
-- Many plant and fungi reproduce both asexually and sexually
, ◉ What are homologous chromosomes? (aka homologues).
Answer: -- chromosomes that contain the same genes; aka gene
sequence is that same
-- chromosomes that are similar in appearance and genetic
information when they pair together in meiosis
[ Genes for the same characteristic are found at the same loci on
both homologous chromosomes ]
◉ diploid.
Answer: means "double," cells with pairs of homologous
chromosomes
◉ haploid.
Answer: Cells in the ovaries and testes undergo meiotic cell division
and produce....
-- gametes (eggs and sperm) that only have one member of each
chromosome pair
◉ A haploid cell has ____ the number of chromosomes of a diploid
cell.
Answer: half
