*The Safe Passage: ATI RN Fundamentals
*
Proctored Exam 2024 (NGN) – Condensed
Mastery**
---
**Question 1**
A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. Which of the following
techniques is correct?
A. Use sterile gloves and clean technique for perineal care.
B. Insert the catheter 7.5 to 10 cm (3 to 4 inches) into the urethra.
C. Inflate the balloon before advancing to the bladder.
D. Cleanse each labial fold with a single swab from pubis to perineum.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Sterile technique required. Insert 5-7.5cm for females (3-4 inches too deep). Never
inflate balloon before bladder. Swab front to back (pubis to anus), not reverse.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: D. Cleanse each labial fold with a single swab from pubis to perineum.
---
**Question 2**
A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube set to continuous suction. Which finding
indicates proper placement?
A. pH of gastric aspirate is 6.0.
B. Client reports no nausea.
C. Aspirate pH is 3.5.
D. Bowel sounds are hyperactive.
,💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Gastric pH <4 confirms placement. pH 6 suggests intestinal or respiratory placement.
Nausea absence not reliable. Bowel sounds unrelated.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Aspirate pH is 3.5.
---
**Question 3**
A nurse is teaching a client about crutch walking using a three-point gait. Which instruction is correct?
A. Move both crutches and the injured leg together, then the uninjured leg.
B. Move the right crutch, then left foot, then left crutch, then right foot.
C. Move one crutch, then opposite foot, then other crutch, then other foot.
D. Move both crutches forward, then swing both legs past the crutches.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Three-point gait: both crutches + injured leg advance together, then uninjured leg.
Option A correct. B is two-point. D is swing-to.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Move both crutches and the injured leg together, then the uninjured leg.
---
**Question 4**
A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. After opening the sterile kit, where is the sterile field
considered contaminated?
A. 1 inch from the edge of the field.
B. The center of the field.
C. Any area below waist level.
D. The area immediately around the kit’s wrapper.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Sterile field must be above waist. Below waist is contaminated. The 1-inch border is
considered contaminated, not safe.
,💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Any area below waist level.
---
**Question 5**
A client with heart failure has a new prescription for furosemide (Lasix). Which lab value should the
nurse monitor most closely?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium wasting, leading to hypokalemia
and risk of digoxin toxicity or dysrhythmias.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Potassium
---
**Question 6**
A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action is safest?
A. Place the client in supine position.
B. Use a toothbrush with fluoride toothpaste.
C. Turn the client’s head to the side with the bed flat.
D. Use a soft sponge swab moistened with water.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Side-lying with HOB flat prevents aspiration. Sponge swab reduces trauma.
Toothbrush risks gum injury. Supine increases aspiration risk.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Turn the client’s head to the side with the bed flat.
, ---
**Question 7**
A nurse is assessing a client’s peripheral IV site. Which finding requires immediate discontinuation?
A. Slight redness at insertion site.
B. Edema and coolness around the IV.
C. A small amount of serous drainage.
D. Client reports mild tenderness.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Edema and coolness indicate infiltration (fluid into tissues). Redness and tenderness
may be phlebitis but less urgent. Infiltration requires restart.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Edema and coolness around the IV.
---
**Question 8**
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the client avoid?
A. Fresh chicken breast
B. Canned tomato soup
C. Oatmeal
D. Apple slices
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Canned soups are high in sodium (often >800 mg/serving). Fresh meats, fruits, and
unsalted grains are low-sodium.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Canned tomato soup
---
**Question 9**
*
Proctored Exam 2024 (NGN) – Condensed
Mastery**
---
**Question 1**
A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. Which of the following
techniques is correct?
A. Use sterile gloves and clean technique for perineal care.
B. Insert the catheter 7.5 to 10 cm (3 to 4 inches) into the urethra.
C. Inflate the balloon before advancing to the bladder.
D. Cleanse each labial fold with a single swab from pubis to perineum.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Sterile technique required. Insert 5-7.5cm for females (3-4 inches too deep). Never
inflate balloon before bladder. Swab front to back (pubis to anus), not reverse.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: D. Cleanse each labial fold with a single swab from pubis to perineum.
---
**Question 2**
A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube set to continuous suction. Which finding
indicates proper placement?
A. pH of gastric aspirate is 6.0.
B. Client reports no nausea.
C. Aspirate pH is 3.5.
D. Bowel sounds are hyperactive.
,💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Gastric pH <4 confirms placement. pH 6 suggests intestinal or respiratory placement.
Nausea absence not reliable. Bowel sounds unrelated.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Aspirate pH is 3.5.
---
**Question 3**
A nurse is teaching a client about crutch walking using a three-point gait. Which instruction is correct?
A. Move both crutches and the injured leg together, then the uninjured leg.
B. Move the right crutch, then left foot, then left crutch, then right foot.
C. Move one crutch, then opposite foot, then other crutch, then other foot.
D. Move both crutches forward, then swing both legs past the crutches.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Three-point gait: both crutches + injured leg advance together, then uninjured leg.
Option A correct. B is two-point. D is swing-to.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A. Move both crutches and the injured leg together, then the uninjured leg.
---
**Question 4**
A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. After opening the sterile kit, where is the sterile field
considered contaminated?
A. 1 inch from the edge of the field.
B. The center of the field.
C. Any area below waist level.
D. The area immediately around the kit’s wrapper.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Sterile field must be above waist. Below waist is contaminated. The 1-inch border is
considered contaminated, not safe.
,💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Any area below waist level.
---
**Question 5**
A client with heart failure has a new prescription for furosemide (Lasix). Which lab value should the
nurse monitor most closely?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium wasting, leading to hypokalemia
and risk of digoxin toxicity or dysrhythmias.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Potassium
---
**Question 6**
A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action is safest?
A. Place the client in supine position.
B. Use a toothbrush with fluoride toothpaste.
C. Turn the client’s head to the side with the bed flat.
D. Use a soft sponge swab moistened with water.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Side-lying with HOB flat prevents aspiration. Sponge swab reduces trauma.
Toothbrush risks gum injury. Supine increases aspiration risk.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C. Turn the client’s head to the side with the bed flat.
, ---
**Question 7**
A nurse is assessing a client’s peripheral IV site. Which finding requires immediate discontinuation?
A. Slight redness at insertion site.
B. Edema and coolness around the IV.
C. A small amount of serous drainage.
D. Client reports mild tenderness.
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Edema and coolness indicate infiltration (fluid into tissues). Redness and tenderness
may be phlebitis but less urgent. Infiltration requires restart.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Edema and coolness around the IV.
---
**Question 8**
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the client avoid?
A. Fresh chicken breast
B. Canned tomato soup
C. Oatmeal
D. Apple slices
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Canned soups are high in sodium (often >800 mg/serving). Fresh meats, fruits, and
unsalted grains are low-sodium.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B. Canned tomato soup
---
**Question 9**
