SCI 225 Pathophysiology Midterm Study Guide
Questions and Answers| Latest Update
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assesment
parameter should be concidered
A. low birth rate
B. mental retardation
C. facial anomalies
D. All of the above
Answer: D.
A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the
patient have?
Answer: Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the
skin surrounding the entrance wound.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The
nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome?
Answer: Chromsome 21
A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is
normal what most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents?
Answer: both parents could be Carriers
,If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo?
Answer: Monosomies and trisomies
If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first?
Brain
Answer: hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous
system contains little connective tissue.
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too
Answer: protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to
environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal
recessive inheritance which is most likely the diagnosis for the patient?
Answer: cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol injury
Answer: Liver
Which of the following statements by a clinician about mutations is correct
Mutations always lead to genetic disease
A. Mutations always lead to genetic disease
,B. spontaneous mutations occur as a result of exposure to a mutagen
C. mutations are alterations in a normal DNA sequence
D. Mutations are always inherited
Answer: C.
The nurse in the genetic clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia
in middle to late adulthood. Which disease is the nurse most likely referring to?
Answer: Huntington disease
When the clinician is discussing the DNA Helix which information should be included? In the
DNA Helix guanine pairs with:
Answer: Cytosine
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should
the nurse document in the chart?
A. Contusion
B. An Avulsion
C. A hemotoma
D. An incision
Answer: B.
Which information indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of Clastogens? Clastogens
agents that cause?
, A. Chromosomal duplications
B. single gene mutations
C. Chromosomal breakage
D. Sex Chromosome aneuploidies
Answer: C.
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has:
Answer: Alleles at a given locus that are different from one another.
A patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction does the
nurse expect to see documented in the patient's chart?
Answer: Type 1 typical allergic responses are characterized as type one hypersensitivity
reactions.
A patient has Westcott Aldrich syndrome. Which typical assessment findings should the nurse
monitor for in the patient?
Answer: Decreased IgM and bleeding
What is the role of plasma in the inflammatory response cycle?
Answer: It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
Plasma is an enzyme that will degrade fibrin during clot dissolution or at the resolution of
inflammation.
Questions and Answers| Latest Update
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assesment
parameter should be concidered
A. low birth rate
B. mental retardation
C. facial anomalies
D. All of the above
Answer: D.
A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the
patient have?
Answer: Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the
skin surrounding the entrance wound.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The
nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome?
Answer: Chromsome 21
A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is
normal what most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents?
Answer: both parents could be Carriers
,If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo?
Answer: Monosomies and trisomies
If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first?
Brain
Answer: hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous
system contains little connective tissue.
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too
Answer: protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to
environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal
recessive inheritance which is most likely the diagnosis for the patient?
Answer: cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol injury
Answer: Liver
Which of the following statements by a clinician about mutations is correct
Mutations always lead to genetic disease
A. Mutations always lead to genetic disease
,B. spontaneous mutations occur as a result of exposure to a mutagen
C. mutations are alterations in a normal DNA sequence
D. Mutations are always inherited
Answer: C.
The nurse in the genetic clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia
in middle to late adulthood. Which disease is the nurse most likely referring to?
Answer: Huntington disease
When the clinician is discussing the DNA Helix which information should be included? In the
DNA Helix guanine pairs with:
Answer: Cytosine
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should
the nurse document in the chart?
A. Contusion
B. An Avulsion
C. A hemotoma
D. An incision
Answer: B.
Which information indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of Clastogens? Clastogens
agents that cause?
, A. Chromosomal duplications
B. single gene mutations
C. Chromosomal breakage
D. Sex Chromosome aneuploidies
Answer: C.
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has:
Answer: Alleles at a given locus that are different from one another.
A patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction does the
nurse expect to see documented in the patient's chart?
Answer: Type 1 typical allergic responses are characterized as type one hypersensitivity
reactions.
A patient has Westcott Aldrich syndrome. Which typical assessment findings should the nurse
monitor for in the patient?
Answer: Decreased IgM and bleeding
What is the role of plasma in the inflammatory response cycle?
Answer: It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin.
Plasma is an enzyme that will degrade fibrin during clot dissolution or at the resolution of
inflammation.
